Article
Neurosciences
Eric Mooshagian, Eric A. Yttri, Arthur D. Loewy, Lawrence H. Snyder
Summary: The canonical view of motor control states that distal muscles are primarily controlled by the contralateral cerebral hemisphere. However, recent studies have shown that the parietal reach region in the contralateral hemisphere plays a significant role in reach preparation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Arsenovic, Anja Ischebeck, Natalia Zaretskaya
Summary: This study found that different regions of the human visual system respond to illusory shapes, with the intraparietal sulcus areas showing a preference towards contralateral shapes. Additionally, as task difficulty increased, anterior areas displayed response attenuation. The research suggests that the intraparietal sulcus can represent illusory content generated not only by moving stimuli, but also by stationary stimuli.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Mathematical
Agostino Gibaldi, Silvio P. Sabatini
Summary: Saccades are rapid eye movements used by humans to focus on objects of interest. Deviations from the saccadic 'main sequence' can indicate neurological disorders. A new method with high repeatability has been proposed for assessing oculomotor performance, suitable for various subjects including patients and infants.
BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Beizhen Zhang, Janis Ying Ying Kan, Mingpo Yang, Xiaochun Wang, Jiahao Tu, Michael Christopher Dorris
Summary: The study identifies a neural mechanism within the superior colliculus that directly transforms absolute values into categorical choices, which supports highly efficient value-based decision making critical for real-world economic behaviors.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Matteo Lisi, Michael J. Morgan, Joshua A. Solomon
Summary: Perceptual decisions are formed, at least in part, prior to the preparation of a motor response, according to the findings of this study.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Joris A. Elshout, Tanja C. W. Nijboer, Stefan Van der Stigchel
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the pre-saccadic shift of attention in neglect patients and found an imbalance in discrimination performance between the two hemifields, suggesting that attention and eye movements are both unique impairments of neglect patients. The impaired pre-saccadic shift of attention may be a key issue in neglect and could underlie other spatial and non-spatial deficits commonly reported in neglect patients.
Article
Neurosciences
Yann Cojan, Arnaud Saj, Patrik Vuilleumier
Summary: This study identified the neural substrates of different spatial processing components contributing to neglect symptoms. Results showed the critical role of the right lateral parietal cortex in bisection, while lesions in the frontal and temporal lobes were more critical for visual search in patients with focal right brain damage. The data support the existence of distinct components in spatial attentional processes damaged to different degrees in neglect patients.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Danja K. Porada, Christina Regenbogen, Jessica Freiherr, Janina Seubert, Johan N. Lundstrom
Summary: The study found that certain areas of the brain are involved in processing and integrating meaningful multisensory stimuli, independent of sensory modalities but modulated by the number of sensory input streams. Activation in the inferior parietal cortex increases with the complexity of stimuli carried by multiple sensory modalities.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Han Li, Xue Zhang, Yong Yang, Anmu Xie
Summary: This review discusses the importance of eye movement investigation in Parkinson's disease (PD), as it can provide effective biomarkers for diagnosis, progression, and cognitive impairment. Eye tracking technology has revealed various abnormal eye movements in PD, such as decreased saccade amplitude and extended saccade latency. The study also highlights the research implications of oculomotor investigation in understanding the pathogenesis of PD and related motor symptoms, as well as its clinical implications as biomarkers and its inspiration on treatment.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Linjing Jiang, Hoi-Chung Leung
Summary: VSWM performance in 2D space was systematically mapped using memory-guided and visually guided saccade tasks. Memory-guided saccades showed increased unsystematic errors with target eccentricity and delay, indicating neurophysiological and functional factors contributing to errors in VSWM. These findings suggest limitations in VSWM representation, the influence of noise on memory maintenance, and potential independent mechanisms for spatial and temporal processing.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qianyi Luo, Yurong Zou, Huiqin Nie, Huawang Wu, Yingying Du, Juran Chen, Yuhong Li, Hongjun Peng
Summary: Childhood neglect has different effects on brain activity in individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy populations. In MDD patients, childhood neglect is associated with decreased brain function in the inferior parietal lobe and cuneus, while in healthy populations, childhood neglect is related to higher brain function in these areas.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Roberto Caminiti, Gabriel Girard, Alexandra Battaglia-Mayer, Elena Borra, Andrea Schito, Giorgio M. Innocenti, Giuseppe Luppino
Summary: In macaque monkeys, the dorsal bank of the intraparietal sulcus (db-IPS) can be subdivided into a rostral intraparietal area PEip, projecting to the spinal cord, and a caudal medial intraparietal area MIP lacking such projections.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Karin Ludwig, Thomas Schenk
Summary: The study found that the intervention can reduce ipsilesional exploration bias in patients with spatial neglect, and similar effects were seen in healthy participants. Modifying the intervention method can impact the results, with the original version showing more significant and long-lasting effects. This intervention shows promise for successful application in treating patients with spatial neglect.
Article
Ophthalmology
Leslie Guadron, Samuel A. Titchener, Carla J. Abbott, Lauren N. Ayton, John van Opstal, Matthew A. Petoe, Jeroen Goossens
Summary: This study investigated the effects of central and peripheral retinal defects on horizontal eye movements and found that these defects altered the kinematics of saccades, especially when the target was in the blind field. This suggests that visual inputs play a crucial role in planning the kinematics of saccades.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Valentina Bachurina, Marie Arsalidou
Summary: This article examines the relationship between eye movements and mental attention tasks, finding that eye movement indices decrease as task demand increases and are negatively correlated with ratings of mental effort.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Stefania Ancona, Francesca D. Faraci, Elina Khatab, Luigi Fiorillo, Oriella Gnarra, Tobias Nef, Claudio L. A. Bassetti, Panagiotis Bargiotas
Summary: This review provides a systematic overview of the current status and challenges of using wearable technology for assessing motor symptoms and fluctuations in PD patients, focusing on aspects such as feasibility, efficacy, and validation methods.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Lorenzo Diana, Giulia Scotti, Edoardo N. Aiello, Patrick Pilastro, Aleksandra K. Eberhard-Moscicka, Rene M. Mueri, Nadia Bolognini
Summary: This research investigated the effects of tDCS on visuo-spatial attentional asymmetries and found that the efficacy of offline conventional tDCS and HD-tDCS in modulating attention in an ecological setting is not clear.
Article
Neurosciences
Nora Geiser, Brigitte Charlotte Kaufmann, Henrik Ruehe, Noortje Maaijwee, Tobias Nef, Dario Cazzoli, Thomas Nyffeler
Summary: Cognitive impairment is common after cerebellar stroke, known as Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome (CCAS). This study presents a case of a patient with subacute cerebellar stroke and left-sided visual neglect, suggesting that the cerebellum also modulates visual attention. However, the neglect was only detected using sensitive neuro-psychological tests and video-oculography assessment, while traditional paper-pencil neglect tests failed to detect it. Follow-up assessments after three weeks showed an improvement in neglect symptoms. These findings suggest that visual neglect may be part of CCAS, but the choice of assessment tools and time delay since stroke onset play a crucial role.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Angela A. Botros, Narayan Schuetz, Christina Rocke, Robert Weibel, Mike Martin, Rene M. Muri, Tobias Nef
Summary: This study proposes a new potential digital biomarker for evaluating cognitive abilities in older adults based on location eigenbehavior obtained from contactless ambient sensors. The prediction performance is strong for high levels of cognitive ability but weakens for low levels of cognitive ability.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aileen C. Naef, Samuel E. J. Knobel, Nicole Ruettgers, Marie-Madlen Jeitziner, Martin grosse Holtforth, Bjoern Zante, Joerg C. Schefold, Tobias Nef, Stephan M. Gerber
Summary: This study aims to present a general method for measuring sound pressure levels and sound sources in the intensive care unit, and to validate its feasibility through data collection. The study found good and excellent interrater reliability in most categories using this method, and provided specific results for future reference.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Narayan Schutz, Samuel E. J. Knobel, Angela Botros, Michael Single, Bruno Pais, Valerie Santschi, Daniel Gatica-Perez, Philipp Buluschek, Prabitha Urwyler, Stephan M. Gerber, Rene M. Muri, Urs P. Mosimann, Hugo Saner, Tobias Nef
Summary: Using connected sensing devices for remote health monitoring can shift healthcare from reactive to proactive, with the potential to benefit aging populations. Digital measures derived from sensors can be used to monitor health status and risk, and include digital biomarkers and clinical outcome assessments. This approach has the potential to be more inclusive for older adults and discover novel digital biomarkers.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brigitte C. Kaufmann, Dario Cazzoli, Manuela Pastore-Wapp, Tim Vanbellingen, Tobias Pflugshaupt, Daniel Bauer, Rene M. Muri, Tobias Nef, Paolo Bartolomeo, Thomas Nyffeler
Summary: This study found that lesions at a specific white matter intersection can cause a breakdown of the multiple-demand network, leading to impaired cognitive performance. These findings have the potential to influence future rehabilitative approaches.
Article
Neurosciences
Dario Cazzoli, Brigitte C. Kaufmann, Henrik Ruhe, Nora Geiser, Tim Vanbellingen, Thomas Nyffeler
Summary: This article introduces a study finding that hemispatial neglect, a spatial disorder, is associated with both extended cortical networks and the brainstem. The study describes the first occurrence of hemispatial neglect in a human after a lesion in the right pons. The study also identifies a pathophysiological mechanism involving the disconnection of cortico-ponto-cerebellar and/or tecto-cerebellar-tectal pathways passing through the pons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicole Goebel, Dario K. Cazzoli, Clemens Gutbrod, Rene M. Mueri, Aleksandra K. Eberhard-Moscicka
Summary: Parallel test versions need to have a comparable difficulty and capture the same characteristics using different items. However, this becomes challenging when dealing with multivariate items, which are common in language or image data. To address this, a heuristic is proposed to identify and select similar multivariate items for generating equivalent parallel test versions. The heuristic involves examining variable correlations, identifying outliers, applying dimension-reduction methods, generating a biplot, assigning items to test versions, and checking for multivariate equivalence, parallelism, reliability, and consistency. The application of the heuristic on a picture naming task resulted in four parallel test versions, demonstrating its effectiveness in incorporating multiple variables.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Prabitha Urwyler, Rajnish Kumar Gupta, Michael Falkner, Joel Niklaus, Rene Martin Muri, Tobias Nef
Summary: This study investigates the benefits of dynamic adaptive casual puzzle games on cognitive function and well-being in healthy adults and older people. The results show that participants showed improvements in their visual attention and visuospatial measures after the puzzle game intervention. Digital games are a feasible way to train cognition, with the algorithm-based dynamic adaption allowing accommodations for persons with different cognitive levels of skill.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Magdalena Camenzind, Aleksandra K. Eberhard-Moscicka, Dario Cazzoli, Rene M. Mueri
Summary: This paper presents the observation of a patient who had a right hemispheric stroke and subsequently produced remarkable paintings. The patient's post-stroke productivity and the distribution of text and drawings were analyzed. The patient showed enhanced verbal and figural creativity compared to the control group. Interestingly, the paintings were predominantly located on the right side, while the text was aligned to the left side. This dissociation between writing and painting behavior was also reflected in the patient's neuropsychological performance.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Lea Saric, Samuel E. J. Knobel, Manuela Pastore-Wapp, Tobias Nef, Fred W. Mast, Tim Vanbellingen
Summary: This pilot study evaluated the usability of two new interactive game sensor-based hand devices in healthy adults and persons with Parkinson's Disease. The study found high system usability scores and flow state scores in both groups, indicating that these devices are highly usable for hand training in both healthy individuals and those with PD.