Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Trent D. Penman, Sarah C. McColl-Gausden, Bruce G. Marcot, Dan A. Ababei
Summary: This study introduces a methodology of applying Bayesian network modeling to population viability analysis, which can better address the spatial and temporal variability of vital rate parameters, especially for species with complex stage-class structures. By comparing traditional matrix-based PVA with BN model analyses on three species from eastern Australia, it was found that BN PVA provides more clearly identifiable thresholds of population changes and extinction levels.
ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Luana Langlois, Nadeem Akhtar, Kam C. Tam, Brian Dixon, Gregor Reid
Summary: The effective management strategies in aquaculture are essential for global food security. Probiotic microorganisms have the potential to restore and sustain health in fish, particularly in terms of immunity, growth rate, and protection against infection.
FEMS MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Milica Markovic, Jelena Markovic Brankovic, Miona Andrejevic Stosovic, Srdjan Zivkovic, Bojan Brankovic
Summary: Embankment rockfill dams are the most common type of dams used in the world today, with one third of failures caused by dam slope instability. The stability of the dam is assessed through analysis of pore and total pressure data from pressure measurement cells. A new method using artificial neural networks has been developed to predict pore pressure on malfunctioning cells, resulting in more precise predicted values compared to using only one network.
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Review
Ecology
Jerri L. Bartholomew, Julie D. Alexander, Justin Alvarez, Stephen D. Atkinson, Michael Belchik, Sarah J. Bjork, J. Scott Foott, Alex Gonyaw, Mark E. Hereford, Richard A. Holt, Barry Mccovey Jr, Nicholas A. Som, Toz Soto, Anne Voss, Thomas H. Williams, Ted G. Wise, Sascha L. Hallett
Summary: The health of fish populations and river systems is of great importance, with implications for ecology, culture, recreation, and the economy. The largest river restoration project in US history will take place in the Klamath River, involving the removal of dams and significant changes to the river's physical characteristics. This restoration project could have implications for the dynamics of fish diseases.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Ryan A. Harnish, Kenneth D. Ham, John R. Skalski, Richard L. Townsend, Rebecca A. Buchanan
Summary: From 2008 to 2018, acoustic telemetry studies were conducted to evaluate the survival rate of spring migrant Chinook salmon and steelhead smolts passing through eight federally operated dams on lower Snake and Columbia rivers. The study found that powerhouse passage probability is influenced by spill operations, environmental conditions, and fish characteristics. Factors such as discharge, forebay temperature, fish size, time of passage, and approach direction were found to affect powerhouse passage. This information can be used to develop specific spill operations that optimize smolt passage, power generation, and other competing demands.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Merel Koopmans, Emma J. Stokes, Cisquet Kiebou Opepa, Aristide Massouema Mouele, Gaston Abea, Samantha Strindberg, Terry M. Brncic
Summary: Bongo, rare and prized forest antelopes in tropical Africa, have been difficult to estimate in population size due to low densities and forested habitats. This study used SECR models to estimate bongo density and population size in a safari hunting concession in northern Republic of Congo, resulting in a reduction of hunting quotas to ensure sustainability.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Geological
Akiyoshi Kamura, Tomomi Kaneko, Noboru Sato, Motoki Kazama
Summary: A new type of check dam foundation consisting of a group of micropiles whose heads are structurally disconnected from the dam body was studied. It was found that the foundation system can reduce construction effort and cross-sectional forces on the micropiles. The system showed a factor of safety of 3.5 against micropile buckling.
SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francesco Maroso, Konstantinos Gkagkavouzis, Sabina De Innocentiis, Jasmien Hillen, Fernanda do Prado, Nikoleta Karaiskou, John Bernard Taggart, Adrian Carr, Einar Nielsen, Alexandros Triantafyllidis, Luca Bargelloni
Summary: The study found that gilthead sea bream has three genetic clusters in the Mediterranean and Atlantic Oceans, with some subpopulation differences. Data from RAD sequencing also indicated that these differences are mainly due to variations in salinity, which is crucial for the future management and genetic research of this species.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Maria I. Cadiz, Maria E. Lopez, Diego Diaz-Dominguez, Giovanna Caceres, Rodrigo Marin-Nahuelpi, Daniel Gomez-Uchida, Cristian B. Canales-Aguirre, Pablo Orozco-terWengel, Jose M. Yanez
Summary: Domestication processes and artificial selection in farmed rainbow trout leave signatures at a molecular level, with identified genomic regions containing genetic variants related to growth, development, reproduction, behavior, and immune system traits. This study detected several SNPs associated with candidate genes in interesting regions, providing insights into genetic traits of commercial importance.
Article
Ecology
Arianne F. Messerman, Adam G. Clause, Levi N. Gray, Martin Krkosek, Hilary B. Rollins, Peter C. Trenham, H. Bradley Shaffer, Christopher A. Searcy
Summary: Integral projection models (IPMs) and population viability analyses (PVAs) are valuable tools for understanding and conserving imperiled species. In this study, a stochastic IPM was developed for the California tiger salamander (CTS) and integrated with climatic drivers to assess the extinction risk of CTS under habitat loss and climate change. The results showed that CTS populations are most sensitive to changes in juvenile and metamorph growth and indicated the importance of terrestrial buffer zones for long-term viability. This study highlights the importance of stochastic and Bayesian IPMs for understanding climate-dependent and cryptic species and provides a framework for similar ecological investigations.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alexander Garcia-Anton, Juan Traba
Summary: The study highlights the potential extinction of the Dupont's Lark metapopulation in 2-3 decades, supporting its reclassification to Endangered in Spain. Habitat restoration and individual translocation in key subpopulations can improve viability and postpone overall extinction risk.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ashley D. Franklin, Robert C. Lacy, Karen L. Bauman, Kathy Traylor-Holzer, David M. Powell
Summary: Population viability analysis (PVA) uses simulation models to predict genetic and demographic changes in populations, while reproductive viability analysis (RVA) improves breeding practices. Comparisons between two PVA programs and incorporating RVA results showed improved genetic diversity and reduced extinction risk. Adjusting ex situ population management to consider factors affecting reproductive success enhances population sustainability.
ANIMAL CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Brett Stacy, Paul Burch, Philippe E. Ziegler, Katherine A. Cresswell, Klaas Hartmann, Richard M. Hillary
Summary: Unreported catch has a significant impact on fisheries assessments, leading to underestimated biomass depletion risks. When unreported catch exceeds twice reported catch, the estimation model may fail to detect declining biomass in a timely manner. Estimating the total quantity of unreported catch and the number of unreported tagged fish is more critical than tracking trends.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Seong-Kyu Yun, Jiseong Kim, Eun-Sang Im, Gichun Kang
Summary: This study evaluates the stability of a dam using pore pressure meters and their correlation with water levels. It found a strong positive linear relationship between porewater pressure and water level, particularly at the base of the dam. By predicting porewater pressure using this relationship and comparing it with measured values, the safety of the dam can be determined.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
J. Nynca, M. Slowinska, J. Wisniewska, J. Jastrzebski, S. Dobosz, A. Ciereszko
Summary: The study found a significant number of differentially expressed genes in triploid and diploid female rainbow trout ovaries, with different functional clusters. Triploidisation may increase ovarian cellular senescence and apoptosis, negatively impacting oocyte preparation and ovarian function.
Editorial Material
Fisheries
Kentaro Morita, Mari Kuroki
ICHTHYOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroki Namba, Yuichi Iwasaki, Kentaro Morita, Tagiru Ogino, Hiroyuki Mano, Naohide Shinohara, Tetsuo Yasutaka, Hiroyuki Matsuda, Masashi Kamo
Summary: The study found that macroinvertebrates are more sensitive to metal contamination in a river receiving treated mine discharge compared to fish populations. Specifically, there were significant reductions in certain macroinvertebrate metrics at the most upstream contaminated sites, while the abundance and condition factor of dominant fish species were not remarkably affected. The sensitivity to metal contamination may vary depending on biological metrics used, highlighting the importance of accumulating empirical evidence for ecological indicators sensitive to metal contamination in different biological groups.
Article
Fisheries
Jun-ichi Tsuboi, Kentaro Morita, Genki Sahashi, Mari Kuroki, Shinya Baba, Robert Arlinghaus
Summary: In mixed fisheries, understanding the species-specific vulnerability to fishing is crucial for sustainable resource management, potentially more important than gear selectivity. Different salmonid species showed varying vulnerability to bait recreational angling, with larger individuals being more susceptible across all species, but with differences in vulnerability patterns between species. Fishing effort per unit catch showed a stable relationship with population density, suggesting that declines in local populations could lead to unexpected collapses.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
S. Yamamoto, K. Morita, G. Sahashi, K. Maekawa, A. Oleinik, E. Bondar, V Brykov
Summary: The study revealed inconsistent genetic characteristics between the southern Asian Dolly Varden and northern Dolly Varden populations on Sakhalin Island, indicating historical mtDNA introgression. This suggests that introgressive hybridization may have been caused by postglacial colonization from different refugia.
RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Kentaro Morita
Summary: This study investigated the movements of pink salmon between freshwater and saltwater during their spawning migration, finding that a significant proportion of homing adult pink salmon may make short-term movements between fresh and salt water. Analysis of recaptured tagged fish showed abrupt changes in salinity records, with a male bias in sex ratio.
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Fisheries
Ryo Futamura, Kentaro Morita, Koume Araki, Masato Ayumi, Shoji Kumikawa, Yuichi Matsuoka, Atsushi Okuda, Hiroshi Sugiyama, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Taro Takahashi, Jiro Uchida, Osamu Kishida
ICHTHYOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Yusuke Kumai, Mari Kuroki, Kentaro Morita
Summary: This study investigated the habitat use of two anguillid eels, the Indo-Pacific eel and the Japanese eel, coexisting in the same river systems in Japan. It found that the two eels had clearly segregated distributions and strong habitat preferences, with the tropical species preferring clear flowing mainstems and tributaries, while the temperate species favored stagnant muddy estuaries and backwater areas. These habitat segregations remained consistent as body size increased and life-stage developments progressed, highlighting the importance of considering environmental parameters in the conservation of sympatric anguillid eels.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Kentaro Morita
Summary: Freshwater rivers and lakes are vulnerable to human-caused disturbances due to their proximity to human occupation. Anthropogenic impacts including dams, pollution, channelization, and invasive species can significantly affect these ecosystems. This study in Japan presents the long-term monitoring results of salmonids in two rivers, showing the decline of native species and the increase of non-native species following dam construction and the unsuccessful stocking of native salmon. However, removal of non-native species and installation of fishways resulted in the recovery of native species in a river previously dominated by non-natives. This study highlights the potential for natural recovery of salmonids without the need for stocking or reintroduction if obstacles to self-recovery are removed.
ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ryo Futamura, Kentaro Morita, Yoichiro Kanno, Osamu Kishida
Summary: This study investigated the size-dependent mortality patterns of masu salmon migrants and residents in the Horonai River in northern Japan. The results showed that size-selective mortality is specific to the river-descending migrants during their seaward migration period, which may be attributed to predation by piscivorous fishes.
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Genki Sahashi, Kentaro Morita
Summary: This study used long-term mass-marking program data from Japan to evaluate the effects of wild genes on the survival of captive-bred populations. The results showed that increasing the percentage of wild genes can improve the survival rate of captive-bred offspring in the wild.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ryo Futamura, Kentaro Morita, Yoichiro Kanno, Shoji Kumikawa, Yuichi Matsuoka, Atsushi Okuda, Hiroshi Sugiyama, Hiroyuki Takahashi, Jiro Uchida, Osamu Kishida
Summary: In this study, we found that smaller masu salmon have higher mortality rates during migration. To minimize this size-selective mortality, smaller individuals need to accelerate growth rates or delay migration to attain a larger body size. These results reveal the impact of size-selective mortality on the growth patterns of migratory masu salmon.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Jun-ichi Tsuboi, Kentaro Morita, Yusuke Koseki, Shinsuke Endo, Genki Sahashi, Daisuke Kishi, Takeshi Kikko, Daisuke Ishizaki, Masanori Nunokawa, Yoichiro Kanno
Summary: Habitat fragmentation poses a pervasive threat to biodiversity, particularly for linearly arranged habitats like stream networks. This study finds that small tributaries can rescue or slow down the extinction of specific populations in highly fragmented stream networks. The findings have important implications for the conservation of headwater populations and aquatic biodiversity.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Nozomi Aruga, Kentaro Morita, Makoto Aruga, Kazutoshi Ueda, Kazuya Fujii, Kiyoshi Orito, Keizo Watanabe, Futoshi Nakamura
Summary: This study investigated the geomorphology and environmental variables of chum salmon spawning in an urban section of the Toyohira River in northern Japan. It found that early-run salmon preferred the upwelling zone of gravel bars, while late-run salmon preferred secondary channels. Egg mortality was lower in the early-run group, but higher in shallow spawning redds with higher water temperatures. The number of out-migrating fry was most affected by the number of spawning redds in the early-run group. Despite human regulation and monotonous river morphology, metropolitan river systems can still provide favorable habitat for spawning.
ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Koh Hasegawa, Yasutaka Okamoto, Kentaro Morita
Summary: Geographic clines in life-history traits are influenced by anthropogenic processes and can change over time. Reproductive traits in Japanese chum salmon show geographic and temporal trends, with variations in gonad weight and egg size based on location and time period. Natural and sexual selection, along with domestication selection by hatchery programmes, impact breeding competition and growth conditions, leading to temporal shifts in geographic clines. Conservation of geographically adapted life-history traits is essential for sustainable use of biological resources during climate change adaptation.
ECOLOGICAL SOLUTIONS AND EVIDENCE
(2021)