Article
Ecology
Diana L. Six, Amy Trowbridge, Michael Howe, Dana Perkins, Erika Berglund, Peter Brown, Jeffrey A. Hicke, Ganesh Balasubramanian
Summary: Climate change-driven outbreaks of Dendroctonus ponderosae in whitebark pine may lead to rapid natural selection for tree survival traits. Survivors were found to be genetically and chemically different from trees that escaped predation, with smaller trees exhibiting lower genetic diversity. Growth rate was identified as the best predictor of survival, as survivors grew slower than beetle-killed trees and showed a convergence in growth rates just prior to increased beetle activity.
FRONTIERS IN FORESTS AND GLOBAL CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Forestry
Teresa Valor, Sharon M. Hood, Miriam Pique, Asier Larranaga, Pere Casals
Summary: The study found that bark thickness, tree size and growth rate, as well as resin ducts, play important roles in trees' resistance to bark beetles. The black pine subspecies P. nigra subsp. salzmannii is more fire-resistant compared to the Scots pine, resulting in fewer attacks. Overall, tree size and resin duct characteristics determine the tree's resistance to bark beetles.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Takasar Hussain, Muhammad Ozair, Adnan Aslam, Sajid Jameel, Maryum Nawaz, Abdel-Haleem Abdel-Aty
Summary: In this study, a qualitative analysis of the deterministic model of pine wilt affliction was conducted. The global behavior of equilibria was analyzed based on the Basic Reproduction Number. The proposed model was tested on the exact number of tainted pines in Korea over a decade to examine its robustness. Estimated parameters were used to identify the significant factors contributing to disease enhancement. Artificial Neural Network (ANN) was employed to fit curves representing tainted pines and vectors with respect to the most influential factors. Additionally, an optimal control problem was developed assuming three controls, and the effectiveness of the applied control measures was numerically evaluated.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rashaduz Zaman, Courtney May, Aziz Ullah, Nadir Erbilgin
Summary: This study investigated the impact of three fungal symbionts on the terpene chemistry of pine trees and found that these fungi can alter host defense chemicals, assist beetles in overcoming metabolite toxicity, and potentially provide chemical cues for attracting bark beetles.
Article
Forestry
Marcella A. Windmuller-Campione, Justin DeRose, James N. Long
Summary: Bark beetle outbreaks in western North America cause significant tree mortality, with factors such as temperature and forest community structure playing important roles. Research shows that the majority of forests in the Interior West and Colorado have moderate to high susceptibility to bark beetles.
Article
Entomology
Somia Afzal, Helen F. Nahrung, Simon A. Lawson, Richard Andrew Hayes
Summary: This study conducted a global meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of semiochemical treatments in managing bark beetle populations. The results showed that push-pull strategies using attractive and deterrent semiochemicals can significantly reduce Dendroctonus and Ips populations, providing a potential tool for forest managers to control these pests.
Article
Forestry
Bethany R. Kyre, Lynne K. Rieske
Summary: With losses associated with forest pest outbreaks increasing alarmingly, future forest pest management strategies demand augmentation with next-generation approaches. RNA interference is increasingly recognized as a species-specific pest management approach.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Colin T. Maher, Constance Millar, David L. R. Affleck, Robert E. Keane, Anna Sala, Claudine Tobalske, Andrew J. Larson, Cara R. Nelson
Summary: Warming-induced mountain pine beetle outbreaks have caused extensive mortality of whitebark pine, but the krummholz growth forms in alpine treeline ecotones may serve as refugia due to their ability to escape MPB attacks. However, the lower reproduction rates within these refugia suggest potential long-term challenges for the species.
ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Flor N. Rivera-Orduna, Rosa Maria Pineda-Mendoza, Brenda Vega-Correa, Maria Fernanda Lopez, Claudia Cano-Ramirez, Xiao Xia Zhang, Wen Feng Chen, Gerardo Zuniga
Summary: Species of Rahnella in the gut of Dendroctonus-bark beetles are highly destructive agents of pine forest and are found in North and Central America, and Eurasia. Through a polyphasic approach, it was confirmed that these bacteria belong to Rahnella contaminans, and they exhibit high genetic similarity in their evolutionary lineage. Furthermore, these bacteria display high diversity in different developmental stages of the beetles.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Gary J. Blomquist, Claus Tittiger, Marina MacLean, Christopher Keeling
Summary: Bark beetles in the Dendroctonus and Ips genera are the most destructive forest pests in the Northern hemisphere, utilizing cytochromes P450 to detoxify tree-produced terpenes and produce pheromones. Different species within these genera use specific chemicals, such as trans-verbenol and ipsdienol, as aggregation pheromones.
CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nadir Erbilgin, Leila Zanganeh, Jennifer G. Klutsch, Shih-hsuan Chen, Shiyang Zhao, Guncha Ishangulyyeva, Stephen J. Burr, Monica Gaylord, Richard Hofstetter, Ken Keefover-Ring, Kenneth F. Raffa, Thomas Kolb
Summary: The research showed that only trees that were both root-trenched and attacked by bark beetles depleted carbohydrates and died during the first year of attacks. Live trees contained higher carbohydrates than dying trees, but levels of diterpenes did not vary between the two groups. This suggests that reallocation of carbohydrates to diterpenes during early stages of beetle attacks is limited in drought-stricken trees, and combination of biotic and abiotic stress leads to tree death.
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Gimena Vilardo, Massimo Faccoli, Juan C. Corley, M. Victoria Lantschner
Summary: Assisted by global trade, alien insect species are being introduced to new territories at unprecedented rates. This study investigates the native and invaded distribution of 51 European bark beetles in Pinus species, analyzing their invasion history and explaining factors such as propagule pressure, invasibility, and invasiveness as important determinants of invasion success.
BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Paul J. Chisholm, Camille S. Stevens-Rumann, Thomas Seth Davis
Summary: In temperate coniferous forests, the probability of tree mortality during bark beetle outbreaks is influenced by factors such as tree diameter, stand density, and elevation. The study found that mortality rates were lower in trees with higher live crown ratios, and rose with increasing tree diameter, stand basal area, and elevation. The association between elevation and mortality risk was buffered by precipitation, with dry high-elevation stands experiencing more mortality than moist high-elevation stands. Tree diameter, crown ratio, and stand density affected tree mortality independent of precipitation.
Article
Forestry
Fatima M. Mendez-Encina, Jorge Mendez-Gonzalez, Rocio Mendieta-Oviedo, Jose O. M. Lopez-Diaz, Juan A. Najera-Luna
Summary: This study generated ecological niche models and evaluated the climate suitability overlap between bark beetles and pine trees, finding that Dendroctonus mexicanus is expanding into climates not currently occupied by the studied pine species.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Manuel Quijano-Barraza, Gerardo Zuniga, Claudia Cano-Ramirez, Maria Fernanda Lopez, Gema L. Ramirez-Salinas, Moises Becerril
Summary: Dendroctonus bark beetles are important ecological agents in coniferous forests, and their cytochrome P450 enzymes exhibit diversification in detoxification of terpenes. The study found that cytochromes in the CYP6DE and CYP6DJ subfamilies can hydroxylate different monoterpenes with varying affinities. The CYP6DE subfamily evolved to enhance detoxification capacity, while the CYP6DJ subfamily retained their original detoxification function.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Forestry
Sadadi Ojoatre, Jos Barlow, Suzanne R. Jacobs, Mariana C. Rufino
Summary: This study evaluates the changes in a forest complex in Kenya and finds that within 20 years of disturbance, there is rapid recovery of aboveground biomass and carbon accumulation, and the species diversity remains high in these previously disturbed fragments.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Astor Torano Caicoya, Peter Biber, Miren del Rio, Ricardo Ruiz-Peinado, Catia Arcangeli, Robert Matthews, Hans Pretzsch
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of site and climate on the self-thinning line in Scots pine forests in Europe. The results showed that species tolerance, temperature, and precipitation influenced the slope of the self-thinning line. In terms of the intercept, latitude and radiation had compensating effects. Time did not show significant trends in the self-thinning line. The study highlights the need to adapt management strategies and models based on self-thinning to different latitudes. Climate change has not yet significantly impacted the self-thinning trajectory, but a continuous rise in temperature and high precipitation may accelerate the self-thinning process and result in increased biomass accumulation.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Haonan Zhang, Jianing Xu, Weiqi Meng, Zhonglin Li, Yanyan Ni, Weijie Li, Hao Chen, Xingshuo Zhang, Huanhuan Yuan, Zhi Wang
Summary: Secondary forests play a crucial role in ecosystem dynamics and biodiversity recovery. This study investigated the mechanisms underlying secondary succession in a restored secondary forest and found that deciduous tree species transition from diversity accumulators to repellents as they progress through different life history stages, while evergreen tree species can act as accumulators or remain neutral. The study also revealed the effects of density dependence on the mortality and regeneration of different tree species, and highlighted the importance of early-arriving tree species in facilitating the establishment and diversity of late-arriving counterparts.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Yierxiati Abulaiti, Zijian Huang, Guojiao Xie, Xiaojuan Zou, Qin Luo, Minhuang Wang, Qiong Yang, Ping Hu, Shixiao Yu
Summary: In this study, the resistance to pest infestation of native and exotic mangrove species was compared based on their traits and spectral reflectance. The results showed that exotic species exhibited higher resistance to pest infestation compared to native species.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Thomas Feiss, Vincent Robin, Delphine Aran, Joseph Levillain, Thierry Paul, Jean-Luc Dupouey
Summary: Fagus sylvatica L. is a competitive tree in European temperate deciduous forests, but often sporadic or absent in present-day stands where Quercus spp. are dominant. Through soil charcoal analysis in the Lorraine Plateau in France, the presence of Fagus and Quercus in mature Quercus stands was confirmed. Radiocarbon dating results indicated that historical forest management caused the replacement of Fagus by Quercus, starting from the Bronze Age.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Paula Halbig, Anne-Sophie Stelzer, Peter Baier, Josef Pennerstorfer, Horst Delb, Axel Schopf
Summary: The incidence of oak processionary moth in Central Europe has been increasing, posing severe threats to oak trees, humans, and animals. To address this issue, researchers have developed an online early warning system that provides phenological forecasts and decision support for the protection of oak trees and human health.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Jean-Baptiste Ndamiyehe Ncutirakiza, Sylvie Gourlet-Fleury, Philippe Lejeune, Xavier Bry, Catherine Trottier, Frederic Mortier, Adeline Fayolle, Francois Muhashy Habiyaremye, Leopold Ndjele Mianda-Bungi, Gauthier Ligot
Summary: This study examines the influence of canopy structure on tropical tree growth using data collected through unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and field measurements. The results show that combining UAV and field data can improve the prediction of tree diameter increment. Diameter at breast height and crown area are complementary predictors, and crown-based competition indices significantly enhance prediction models. The calibrated model at one site can accurately predict growth at another site.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Abebe Damtew, Emiru Birhane, Christian Messier, Alain Paquette, Bart Muys
Summary: Restoring degraded dryland requires a diverse mixture of trees and shrubs. Shading and species diversity can improve seedling survival and vitality. Shaded conditions led to higher seedling survival, vitality, and chlorophyll content, while increasing species richness improved seedling vitality in non-shaded conditions.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Francois Hebert, Isabelle Delisle, Marc Tremblay, Pascal Tremblay, Jean- Francois Boucher, Yan Boucher, Daniel Lord
Summary: Regeneration failures in the closed-crown boreal forest, resulting in the creation of open lichen woodlands, can be restored through clear-cutting, scarification, and natural seeding. Clear-cutting combined with scarification promotes seedling establishment, and scarification creates suitable microsites for germination. Seedling growth in lichen woodlands is higher when logging and scarification are combined, but lower compared to feather moss stands. Afforestation through natural seeding following scarification could be a cost-effective option for restoring lichen woodlands.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Bianca Wulansari Kassun, A. Maarit I. Kallio, Erik Tr Omborg, Meley Mekonen Rannestad
Summary: Mapping and analyzing forest ecosystem services in dry and mountain forests can provide valuable knowledge for sustainable forest management strategies.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Michael Premer, Eric Turnblom, Aaron Weiskittel
Summary: Managed forests serve as a natural climate change solution by sequestering carbon and storing it in harvested wood products, while also providing ecosystem services and wildlife habitat. This study focused on the stem sinuosity of juvenile coastal Douglas-fir and found that genetic improvement, silviculture practices, and local growing conditions can impact stem sinuosity. Factors such as tree spacing, vegetation control, and climate variables also affect the severity of stem sinuosity.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Bronwyn Lira Dyson, Rhea Herpel, Peter Karasch, Jorg Mueller, Dominik Thom, Claus Baessler
Summary: The study aimed to assess the effects of different forest management strategies, dead wood types, and microclimates on Fomes fomentarius. The results showed that the occupancy of Fomes fomentarius was lower in control stands, while the percent cover occupied on snags under a closed canopy was higher. Increasing the number of snags and maintaining dense forest canopies could enhance the presence of Fomes fomentarius as well as provide important microhabitats for various arthropods.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Di Liu, Chaofan Zhou, Xiao He, Xiangdong Lei, Huiru Zhang, Xianzhao Liu
Summary: Canopy structure plays a significant role in the distribution and growth of saplings. Traditional canopy metrics are inadequate in irregular stands. The innovative framework of canopy triangular units provides a comprehensive understanding of the canopy's three-dimensional attributes. Through this framework, we can analyze the differences in various triangular unit types and the spatial dispersion of saplings.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Amalia Valeria Ibanez Moro, Fabian Borghetti, Leonardo Galetto, Juan M. Cellini, Sandra J. Bravo
Summary: This study evaluated the size and persistence of soil seed banks (SSB) of six native woody species in dry subtropical forests of the western Argentine Chaco region. The results showed that SSB size was influenced by different sites and sampling years, and forest disturbances had varying effects on SSB.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)
Article
Forestry
Stephanie Landry, Marc-Andre Villard, Gaetan Pelletier, Martin-Hugues St-Laurent
Summary: In many regions of the world, excessive browsing by ungulates has reached unsustainable levels, threatening biodiversity and forest regeneration. Moose, as ecological engineers, have severe impacts on forest structure and composition through overbrowsing. The distribution of forage and cover patches affects moose browsing pressure, and this relationship has been explored in conifer-dominated stands but not in hardwood-dominated landscapes.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2024)