Article
Genetics & Heredity
Michele Di Nunzio, Carme Barrot-Feixat, David Gangitano
Summary: This study developed five SNaPshotTM assays for nine chloroplast markers to differentiate between marijuana crop type and hemp crop type. The testing of 122 cannabis samples successfully distinguished between marijuana and hemp, and genetic differences between different groups based on biogeographical origin and crop type were observed. Phylogenetic analysis and principal component analysis provided valuable information about the genetic relationship and differentiation between different cannabis samples.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL-GENETICS
(2024)
Article
Medicine, Legal
M. Di Nunzio, V. Agostini, F. Alessandrini, C. Barrot-Feixat, A. Berti, C. Bini, M. Bottinelli, E. Carnevali, B. Corradini, M. Fabbri, P. Fattorini, P. Garofano, S. Gino, A. Mameli, A. Marino, C. Previdere, C. Robino, C. Romano, P. Tozzo, A. Verzeletti, L. Buscemi, D. Gangitano, C. Di Nunzio
Summary: Cannabis sativa is the most commonly used controlled substance in Europe, with an increase in indoor cannabis crops due to new laws. A collaborative exercise was conducted to test the reliability of a 13-locus multiplex cannabis STR kit, resulting in overall genotype success ratio of 96% with minor issues observed. The exercise demonstrated the robustness and applicability of the 13-locus system for forensic cannabis DNA profiling.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Ya-Chih Cheng, Rachel Houston
Summary: This study developed genotyping methods using chloroplast markers to distinguish between hemp and marijuana types and determine their biogeographic origins. The results showed effective differentiation of Canadian hemp and significant separation of US hemp from marijuana groups using the developed markers. More extensive database is needed to further evaluate their discriminatory power.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Michihito Deguchi, Seema Dhir, Shobha Potlakayala, Sarwan Dhir, Wayne R. Curtis, Sairam Rudrabhatla
Summary: This study successfully altered the composition of cannabinoids in hemp by utilizing the vacuum agroinfiltration method. Overexpressing CBDAS gene and silencing THCAS gene led to a significant increase in total CBD content and a reduction in total THC content. This provides strong evidence for metabolic engineering of cannabinoids in hemp.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dalia M. Kopustinskiene, Ruta Masteikova, Robertas Lazauskas, Jurga Bernatoniene
Summary: THC and CBD, the main pharmacologically active compounds of Cannabis sativa, have potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. THC acts as an analgesic through CB1 receptors, while CBD's activity as an inverse agonist for CB2 receptors is important for its anti-inflammatory effects.
Review
Biology
Fatma Haddad, Ghadeer Dokmak, Rafik Karaman
Summary: Multiple sclerosis is an autoimmune disease that affects neurons in the central nervous system, causing various symptoms. Clinical studies have shown that cannabis can help alleviate symptoms in MS patients, particularly spasticity and pain. However, further research is needed to determine its effectiveness for other symptoms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Husna B. Mhando, Mtabazi G. Sahini, John J. Makangara
Summary: The aim of this research was to analyze the chemical composition of Cannabis sativa from 11 Tanzanian regions using preliminary tests and instrumental analyses. Positive results were found for the presence of A9-THC in all the samples. GC-MS analyses revealed nine cannabinoids, while LC-MS chemical profiling detected 24 chemical substances in the samples. The region with the highest percentage of A9-THC was Pwani (13.45%), followed by Arusha (10.92%) and Singida (10.08%).
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Francesco Tolomeo, Fabiana Russo, Dominika Kaczorova, Maria Angela Vandelli, Giuseppe Biagini, Aldo Lagana, Anna Laura Capriotti, Roberta Paris, Flavia Fulvio, Luigi Carbone, Elisabetta Perrone, Giuseppe Gigli, Giuseppe Cannazza, Cinzia Citti
Summary: This article discusses the major phytocannabinoids in Cannabis sativa, their derivatives, and the recent discovery of a new cannabinoid. The quantification of these compounds in different cannabis samples and their impact on classification are also explored.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
(2022)
Review
Agronomy
Matej Malik, Jiri Velechovsky, Pavel Tlustos
Summary: The use of medical cannabis has a long history, but recent research has focused on the key factors affecting cultivation for medical purposes. Indoor or greenhouse cultivation is considered the most effective method, with plant nutrition and fertilizer selection playing a crucial role in the process.
PLANT SOIL AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Claire L. Glynn
Summary: Forensic Genetic Genealogy (FGG) is a novel investigatory tool that combines consumer DNA testing, genetic genealogy research, and forensic DNA evidence to generate leads in criminal investigations and identify unknown individuals. It has become a significant subdiscipline within forensic sciences and has been successful in resolving cold cases.
Article
Agronomy
Jacob A. Toth, Lawrence B. Smart, Christine D. Smart, George M. Stack, Craig H. Carlson, Glenn Philippe, Jocelyn K. C. Rose
Summary: Research shows that environmental stressors have limited effects on cannabinoid levels in hemp, with the exception of herbicide treatment which results in decreased content. Interestingly, these stresses do not cause an increase in THC concentration or the THC to CBD ratio at harvest.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sarah S. Stith, Xiaoxue Li, Joaquin Orozco, Victoria Lopez, Franco Brockelman, Keenan Keeling, Branden Hall, Jacob M. Vigil
Summary: By studying 2220 cannabis self-administration sessions completed by 886 individuals, it was found that the majority of patients can experience relief from nausea within a short period of time, but the characteristics of cannabis products consumed can affect the level of antiemetic effect. Future research should focus on long-term symptom relief, risks of medical cannabis consumption, and potential interactions with other medications and substances.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chris Douvris, Edward Bentil, Isaac Ayensu, Clement Osei Akoto, Isaac Kingsley Amponsah, Joseph Adu, Derek Bussan
Summary: Cannabis has been a widely cultivated plant for centuries for its various uses, including as a psychoactive drug and for medicinal purposes. Despite the prohibition of cannabis products in many African countries, the continent is actually the largest producer of cannabis globally. Law enforcement authorities in Africa are highly interested in using chemical analyses to trace the origin of seized cannabis samples. In a study focused on Ghana, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used to determine 12 elements in cannabis seized by authorities and soils of cannabis farms. Multivariate analysis was then applied to distinguish different cannabis farms and match them with the samples, revealing high concentrations of elements like As and Pb in the cannabis samples.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Napaphak Jaipakdee, Peera Tabboon, Ekapol Limpongsa
Summary: This study demonstrates the successful enhancement of cannabinoid dissolution from Cannabis sativa using the liquisolid technique. Formulations using nonvolatile liquids were found to maintain stability while achieving over 90% cannabinoid dissolution.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andrea Mastinu, Roberta Ascrizzi, Giovanni Ribaudo, Sara Anna Bonini, Marika Premoli, Francesca Aria, Giuseppina Maccarinelli, Alessandra Gianoncelli, Guido Flamini, Luisa Pistelli, Maurizio Memo
Summary: This study evaluated the behavioral effects of a nonpsychotropic extract of Cannabis sativa in mice. The results showed that chronic treatment with the extract did not affect body weight, motility, or anxiety in mice, but increased social interaction.
CANNABIS AND CANNABINOID RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Heitor S. D. Correa, Ivano Alessandri, Andrea Verzeletti
Summary: This research assessed the usefulness of Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in analyzing bones. The techniques were found to be useful in molecular taphonomy studies and forensic genetics.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2024)
