Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alessandra Modi, Chiara Vergata, Cristina Zilli, Chiara Vischioni, Stefania Vai, Guidantonio Malagoli Tagliazucchi, Martina Lari, David Caramelli, Cristian Taccioli
Summary: This study tested the possibility of obtaining ancient DNA (aDNA) molecules from insects entombed in copal, successfully extracting endogenous DNA from one of the two samples analyzed. Despite the good protection of the sample from external contaminants, the recovered DNA was low concentrated and extremely degraded compared to the sample age. It is concluded that while it is possible to obtain genomic data from resin-entombed organisms, aDNA analysis is discouraged due to the destructive extraction protocols and non-reproducibility of results.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Trinidad Torres, Jose E. Ortiz, Rosa Mediavilla, Yolanda Sanchez-Palencia, Juan Ignacio Santisteban, Rogelio Vega-Panizo
Summary: The study focuses on the geo-hazards related to recent tectonics in the coastal zone of La Mata and Torrevieja in Eastern Spain, including coastal uplift, earthquake-induced tsunamis, and erosion processes. Through amino acid racemization dating, the research reveals evidence of future erosive and catastrophic processes near tourist resorts and salt-mining facilities, emphasizing the potential threats posed by future sea level rise and warmer episodes in the region.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Nick Tomczyk, Kevin Giles, Keith Richardson, Jakub Ujma, Martin Palmer, Peter Kresten Nielsen, Kim F. Haselmann
Summary: The study introduces a novel approach that combines liquid chromatography with a high-resolution ion mobility mass spectrometry system to differentiate peptide and peptide fragments based on their mobility and mass.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Colin Murray-Wallace, John H. Cann, Yusuke Yokoyama, William A. Nicholas, Terry J. Lachlan, Tsun-You Pan, Anthony Dosseto, Antonio P. Belperio, Victor A. Gostin
Summary: This study focuses on accurately defining palaeosea-levels during Late Pleistocene interstadials, using sediment records from a stable, remote far-field setting in southern Australia. Analysis of amino acid racemization in foraminifer Elphidium macelliforme shows correlation with Marine Isotope Stages, highlighting its utility in geochronology. Foraminiferal faunal assemblages indicate millennial-scale sea level variability, consistent with records from other regions, suggesting Sub-Milankovitch interstadial sea level variability noted in ice cores.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Masashi Harada, Kazutaka Shimbo, Sachise Karakawa
Summary: Racemic alpha-amino acid standards for chiral metabolomics were prepared using a hydrophobic pyridoxal derivative as the racemization catalyst, allowing for effective removal of the catalyst and amino acid recovery. The developed method enhances the repeatability and accuracy of D,L-amino acid quantitation in human urine by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Pramodkumar D. Jadhav, Jianheng Shen, Peta-Gaye Burnett, Jian Yang, Ramaswami Sammynaiken, Martin J. T. Reaney
Summary: Bioactive flax cyclic peptides containing single methionine (Met) and its oxidized forms were subjected to regio-selective epimerization under mild alkaline conditions. The developed d-amino isomers and Met alkylation strategy provide a novel approach to chemical functionalization of biomolecules. These d-amino analogs can serve as potential biomarkers in plant protein processing and biomedical applications.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yuye Luo, Cheng Liu, Tariq Mehmood, Yingjie Zhang, Mengyao Yu, Yuanyuan Ren
Summary: The study elucidated the degradation performance of amino acids by peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activated by Co-Fe3O4 composite catalyst, showing that the Co-Fe3O4/PMS system had preferable removal efficiency for histidine and phenylalanine, and promoted the generation of active free radicals, indicating a feasible method for drinking water treatment.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Irena Zupanic Pajnic, Carlo Previdere, Tomaz Zupanc, Martina Zanon, Paolo Fattorini
Summary: The introduction of PCR-MPS technologies has changed the approach to allelic STR typing in forensics. It is found that PCR-MPS could generate isometric drop-ins (IDIs), which may mislead the operator regarding the number of contributors in a forensic evaluation. The molecular features of IDIs and duplicate tests may be useful tools for managing this new class of artifacts.
Article
Chemistry, Organic
Chuanqi Duan, Siju Bi, Ting Tian, Ting Zhou, Kuaile Lin, Weicheng Zhou
Summary: In this study, (S)-2-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)pyrrolidine((S)-1), a key intermediate in the synthesis of aticaprant, was effectively prepared through a recycle process of resolution/racemization. By screening alkaline conditions and utilizing resolution and racemization, the desired product was obtained with high yield and enantioselectivity.
JOURNAL OF HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Derek W. Chamberlin, Virginia R. Shervette, Darrell S. Kaufman, Jordon E. Bright, William F. Patterson III
Summary: We investigated the relationship between aspartic acid D:l ratios and otolith-derived age estimates in Gulf of Mexico red snapper and Caribbean yellowtail snapper. The results suggest that amino acid racemization may be an effective tool for direct age estimation and age validation in fishes.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Orlandin, Ivan Guryanov, Lucia Ferrazzano, Barbara Biondi, Francesca Biscaglia, Claudia Storti, Marzio Rancan, Fernando Formaggio, Antonio Ricci, Walter Cabri
Summary: This article investigates the aim of suppressing side reactions in peptide synthesis and the potential side reaction of Beckmann rearrangement caused by the newly introduced additive Oxyma-B. By exploring the mechanism of the rearrangement and optimizing the coupling reaction conditions, suggestions for designing novel efficient oxime-based coupling reagents are provided.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alan Karr, Jason Hauzel, Adam Porter, Marcel Schaefer
Summary: This study introduces a novel paradigm for characterizing genome data quality and quantifying the effects of intentional degradation. The research demonstrates that this phenomenon is widespread and quantified measures of degradation can be applied for various purposes, such as outlier detection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jianan Li, Wenxia Yu, Shisheng Huang, Susu Wu, Liping Li, Jiankui Zhou, Yu Cao, Xingxu Huang, Yunbo Qiao
Summary: Both ABEs and CBEs can induce transcriptome-wide RNA off-target editing independent of gRNA. Engineering ABEmax variants has successfully achieved minimized RNA off-target activities as the goal.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Salvatore Daniele Bianco, Luca Parca, Francesco Petrizzelli, Tommaso Biagini, Agnese Giovannetti, Niccolo Liorni, Alessandro Napoli, Massimo Carella, Vincent Procaccio, Marie T. Lott, Shiping Zhang, Angelo Luigi Vescovi, Douglas C. Wallace, Viviana Caputo, Tommaso Mazza
Summary: APOGEE 2 is a machine-learning tool that assesses the fragility of the mitochondrial genome, evaluates genetic variant pathogenicity, and enhances our understanding of the clinical heterogeneity of mitochondrial genetic diseases.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrea Bonicelli, Peter Zioupos, Emily Arnold, Keith D. Rogers, Bledar Xhemali, Elena F. Kranioti
Summary: Forensic anthropology involves the positive identification of unknown human skeletal remains, with age estimation being a major challenge. Researchers are working towards standardization and accuracy through various physiological processes-based methods, such as DNA methylation and stable isotopes analysis. The study proposes a new systematic approach in age estimation based on physicochemical and mechanical degeneration, producing equations with high accuracy and meeting admissibility criteria.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Legal
Heitor S. D. Correa, Ivano Alessandri, Andrea Verzeletti
Summary: This research assessed the usefulness of Raman spectroscopy and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in analyzing bones. The techniques were found to be useful in molecular taphonomy studies and forensic genetics.
FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
(2024)