Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weibei Sheng, Qichang Wang, Haotian Qin, Siyang Cao, Yihao Wei, Jian Weng, Fei Yu, Hui Zeng
Summary: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease that is exacerbated by population aging, resulting in a significant economic burden. Current therapies are inadequate, but research on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) shows promise in slowing OA progression. PPARs have emerged as potential targets for effective OA treatments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giuliana Muzio, Giuseppina Barrera, Stefania Pizzimenti
Summary: PPARs, belonging to the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily, play important roles in regulating lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms, as well as various cell functions and physiological processes. Their ability to modulate antioxidant genes expression and inhibit pro-inflammatory mediators synthesis makes them key regulators in cellular response against oxidative stress.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Rasool Haddadi, Mohammad Cheraghi-poor
Summary: This study investigated the analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of naproxen and pioglitazone, and found that their combined treatment enhanced these effects. The involvement of PPAR-gamma receptor was also noted. Additionally, these drugs reduced the release of inflammatory cytokines and myeloperoxidase activity.
NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Shi Fang, M. Christine Livergood, Pablo Nakagawa, Jing Wu, Curt D. Sigmund
Summary: This review focuses on the mechanisms by which nuclear receptors mediate transcriptional responses, with a specific emphasis on the role of PPARγ in regulating blood pressure. Genetic and clinical trial data demonstrate the importance of PPARγ in hypertension, and the tissue- and cell-specific molecular mechanisms by which PPARs modulate blood pressure and related phenotypes are detailed. The role of placental PPARs in preeclampsia is also discussed, along with future research directions and implications for novel therapies.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin-xin Zhu, Xia Wang, Shi-yu Jiao, Ye Liu, Li Shi, Qing Xu, Jing-jing Wang, Yun-er Chen, Qi Zhang, Yan-ting Song, Ming Wei, Bao-qi Yu, Jens Fielitz, Frank J. Gonzalez, Jie Du, Ai-juan Qu
Summary: Cardiac dysfunction is a key component in sepsis-induced multi-organ failure. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, especially PPARa, is significantly decreased in septic cardiomyopathy. Cardiomyocyte-specific PPARa deficiency exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction and fatty acid metabolism impairment, leading to cardiac dysfunction. Targeting PPARa may be a therapeutic strategy for the treatment of septic cardiomyopathy.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tzung-Hsun Tsai, Chi- Chang, Ya-Ling Hung, Wen-Cheng Huang, Hsiang Chang, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Jong-Ho Chyuan, Lu-Te Chuang, Po-Jung Tsai
Summary: The study identified charantadiol A from bitter melon leaf as a potential anti-inflammatory agent against P. gingivalis-induced inflammation. Charantadiol A effectively reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and showed inhibitory effects on periodontal inflammation in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Plant Sciences
Haoyang Zou, Yiyao Gong, Haiqing Ye, Cuiping Yuan, Tiezhu Li, Jie Zhang, Li Ren
Summary: This study summarizes the physiological importance and clinical significance of PPARs and reviews the experimental evidence that natural products mediate metabolic syndrome via PPARs. The majority of currently described natural compounds are mild PPAR-selective agonists with therapeutic effects that are equivalent to synthetic medicines but less harmful adverse effects. Conclusion: PPAR agonists can be combined with natural products to treat and prevent metabolic syndrome.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Kai Liu, Xing Zhao, Xue Qi, Dong-Liang Hou, Hao-Bin Li, Yu-Hao Gu, Qing-Long Xu
Summary: The study designed and synthesized a novel dual PPAR-α/Δ agonist, compound 12, which showed high activity and selectivity against PPAR-γ, holding therapeutic promise for DKD by inhibiting inflammatory processes through JNK/NF-kappa B pathways.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Florian Nima Fleckenstein, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Preeclampsia is a common hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, and PPARs play a significant role in its pathophysiology. Studies have shown contradictory conclusions regarding PPAR expression in preeclamptic placentae, but PPAR gamma agonists have been identified as a novel and potent anti-preeclamptic treatment option.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Iason Psilopatis, Kleio Vrettou, Constantinos Troungos, Stamatios Theocharis
Summary: Endometrial carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor of the female genital tract in the United States. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear receptor proteins which regulate gene expression. In our literature review of 27 relevant studies published between 2000 and 2023, it was found that PPAR alpha and PPAR beta/delta isoforms were upregulated in endometrial cancer cells, while PPAR gamma levels were significantly lower. Interestingly, PPAR agonists were found to be potent anti-cancer therapeutic alternatives. Overall, PPARs seem to play a significant role in endometrial cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
In Soo Kim, Prashanta Silwal, Eun-Kyeong Jo
Summary: This review discusses the roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) alpha, beta, and gamma in transcriptional regulation, energy metabolism, inflammation regulation, cellular development, and differentiation. PPAR signaling pathways play important roles in the development of viral, bacterial, and parasitic infectious diseases. The review also explores the potential therapeutic uses of PPAR agonists/antagonists in infectious disease treatment.
Review
Oncology
Gang Huang, Wei Jiang, Weiyong Xie, Wei Lu, Weimin Zhu, Zhenhan Deng
Summary: PPARs regulate cartilage homeostasis and reduce inflammation in OA, deficiency of PPARs may accelerate OA progression. PPAR agonists can inhibit catabolic and inflammatory factors synthesis, reducing cartilage lesions development in OA.
MOLECULAR MEDICINE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maki Fujimoto, Hitoshi Higuchi, Yuka Honda-Wakasugi, Saki Miyake, Yukiko Nishioka, Akiko Yabuki-Kawase, Shigeru Maeda, Takuya Miyawaki
Summary: The study investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of dexmedetomidine in inhibiting LPS-induced inflammatory responses. It was found that dexmedetomidine inhibits inflammation by activating PPAR gamma or increasing the production of 15d-PGJ2. The results suggest that dexmedetomidine inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by binding to alpha(2) adrenoceptors and activating PPAR gamma.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Hao-Xi Zhao, Zheng Zhang, Fang Hu, Qi-Feng Wei, Yong-Sheng Yu, Hao-Dong Zhao
Summary: Moderate swimming exercise has been found to improve renal function and structure, reduce renal injury and fibrosis in aged rats. It also has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects and exerts its benefits through activation of PPAR-alpha.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Enrico D'Aniello, Pietro Amodeo, Rosa Maria Vitale
Summary: This review provides an overview of discovery, optimization, and structure-activity relationship studies on PPAR modulators from marine sources, as well as the structural and computational studies that led to their identification and/or elucidation, and rationalization of their mechanisms of action.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Po-Jung Tsai, Wen-Cheng Huang, Ming-Chi Hsieh, Ping-Jyun Sung, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Wen-Huey Wu
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wen-Cheng Huang, Tsung-Hsien Tsai, Ching-Jang Huang, You-Yi Li, Jong-Ho Chyuan, Lu-Te Chuang, Po-Jung Tsai
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tzung-Hsun Tsai, Wen-Cheng Huang, How-Ting Ying, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Chien-Chang Shen, Yin-Ku Lin, Po-Jung Tsai
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tsung-Hsien Tsai, Wen-Cheng Huang, Tsung-Jung Lien, Yu-Han Huang, Hsiang Chang, Chun-Hsien Yu, Po-Jung Tsai
FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Szu-Jung Chen, Hung-Hsing Lin, Wen-Cheng Huang, Po-Jung Tsai, Wen-Ping Chen, Dz-Chi Chen, Lu-Te Chuang
FOOD AND AGRICULTURAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Cell Biology
Po-Jung Tsai, Mei-Ling Chang, Ching-Mei Hsin, Chung-Chieh Chuang, Lu-Te Chuang, Wen-Huey Wu
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2017)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tzung-Hsun Tsai, Chun-Hsien Yu, Yu-Ping Chang, Yu-Ting Lin, Ching-Jang Huang, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Po-Jung Tsai
Article
Food Science & Technology
Chih-Ling Wang, Wen-Cheng Huang, Cheng-Jen Chou, Mei-Kuang Lu, Ching-Jang Huang, Jason Tsai, Po-Jung Tsai
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2017)
Article
Cell Biology
Po-Jung Tsai, Wen-Cheng Huang, Shao-Wei Lin, Sung-Nien Chen, Hung-Jing Shen, Hsiang Chang, Lu-Te Chuang
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lu-Te Chuang, Tsung-Hsien Tsai, Tsung-Jung Lien, Wen-Cheng Huang, Jun-Jen Liu, Hsiang Chang, Mei-Ling Chang, Po-Jung Tsai
Article
Cell Biology
Szu-Jung Chen, Wen-Cheng Huang, Hung-Jing Shen, Ruei-Yu Chen, Hsiang Chang, Yun-Shan Ho, Po-Jung Tsai, Lu-Te Chuang
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lu-Te Chuang, Ya-Hsin Shih, Wen-Cheng Huang, Lie-Chwen Lin, Chin Hsu, Jong-Ho Chyuan, Tsung-Hsien Tsai, Po-Jung Tsai
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lu-Te Chuang, Wen-Cheng Huang, Yu-Chen Hou, Jong-Ho Chyuan, Hsiang Chang, Chi- Chang, Tsung-Hsien Tsai, Po-Jung Tsai
Summary: In this study, two cucurbitane-type triterpenoids were evaluated for their suppressive effect on Cutibacterium acnes-induced inflammatory responses. The compounds demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and reduced ear edema in mice. TCD also showed the ability to suppress the expression of specific proteins, providing further relief from inflammation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tzung-Hsun Tsai, Chi- Chang, Ya-Ling Hung, Wen-Cheng Huang, Hsiang Chang, Yueh-Hsiung Kuo, Jong-Ho Chyuan, Lu-Te Chuang, Po-Jung Tsai
Summary: The study identified charantadiol A from bitter melon leaf as a potential anti-inflammatory agent against P. gingivalis-induced inflammation. Charantadiol A effectively reduced the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and showed inhibitory effects on periodontal inflammation in vitro and in vivo.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mei-Ling Chang, Yu-Ting Lin, Hsiu-Ni Kung, Yu-Chen Hou, Jun-Jen Liu, Min-Hsiung Pan, Hui-Ling Chen, Chun-Hsien Yu, Po-Jung Tsai
Summary: The triterpenoid-enriched extract (TEE) from bitter melon leaves has a protective effect against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced hepatic fibrosis in mice, by reducing inflammatory responses and suppressing collagen deposition in liver tissues.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
M. Graca Dias, Elsa Vasco, Francisco Ravasco, Lufsa Oliveira
Summary: This study estimated the vitamin D intake of "adults" and "elderly" populations in Portugal using the TDS methodology. The results showed that the majority of people had inadequate vitamin D intake, well below the Dietary Reference Values.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yanan Wang, Jiachen Shi, Yong-Jiang Xu, Chin-Ping Tan, Yuanfa Liu
Summary: This study investigates the variations in lipid digestion profiles among individuals of different ages using in vitro digestion models. The findings suggest that adults have a more comprehensive lipid digestion compared to infants, and infants tend to release shorter chain length and more saturated free fatty acids during digestion. Additionally, the particle sizes in the stomach of the elderly were consistently larger. This study enhances our understanding of how lipids with different degrees of unsaturation undergo digestion in diverse age groups.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hyunjong Yu, Huisu Kim, Pahn-Shick Chang
Summary: Chitosan-pectin emulsion-filled hydrogel (EFH) was developed to enhance the bioaccessibility of lipophilic bioactive compounds through intestinal delivery. The EFH, prepared without crosslinking agents, demonstrated improved mechanical strength and compactness with higher pectin concentration. It retained the emulsion at pH 2.0 and released it at pH 7.4, resulting in enhanced release of free fatty acids and improved bioaccessibility of curcumin.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tongze Zhang, Siqi Hong, Jia-Rong Zhang, Pin-He Liu, Siyi Li, Zixian Wen, Jianwei Xiao, Guirong Zhang, Olivier Habimana, Nagendra P. Shah, Zhongquan Sui, Harold Corke
Summary: Lactic acid fermentation significantly affects the morphology and physicochemical properties of proso millet starch, including the formation of surface indentations and small pores, decrease in gelatinization temperatures, and changes in hardness and adhesiveness.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Liqin Kong, Feng Hong, Peng Luan, Yiping Chen, Yaoze Feng, Ming Zhu
Summary: This study presents a novel impedance biosensor using composite nanomaterials and T1R1 as a signal probe, which can competitively and ultra-sensitively detect umami intensity. The biosensor exhibits exceptional analytical performance and is suitable for food flavor evaluation.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Kunying Lv, Yixin Yang, Qilong Li, Ran Chen, Liang Deng, Yiwei Zhang, Ning Jiang
Summary: Horse's milk, with its high nutritional value and low allergenic proteins, could be a substitute for cow's milk in infant consumption. A proteomic method was used to identify and compare milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) and whey proteins from different horse breeds. The study found differences in protein composition and functionality, which could support the development of formulas more suitable for human infants.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Enrique Jacobo Diaz-Montana, Helene Brignot, Ramon Aparicio-Ruiz, Thierry Thomas- Danguin, Maria Teresa Morales
Summary: Sensory perception of virgin olive oil is influenced by phenols and volatiles, which are affected by the composition of the oil and biological factors. This study investigated the effect of saliva and phenols on the release of volatiles, and found that the presence of phenols decreased the release of saturated volatiles.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wei Zhou, Rui Zhang, Zhen Cai, Fangfang Wu, Yong Hu, Chao Huang, Kun Hu, Yun Chen
Summary: Environmentally friendly and outstanding pH-responsive cationic starch nanoparticles (CSNP) were prepared from pH-sensitive starch. CSNP exhibited nanosize and regular sphere, highly free-flowing molecular chains, and demonstrated excellent pH responsiveness through multiple emulsion/demulsification transitions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Andrea Koo, Vinayak Ghate, Weibiao Zhou
Summary: This study suggests that direct seeding may negatively affect the nutritional quality of crops, causing a decrease in ascorbic acid, vitamin K, and total glucosinolate content.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tonghao Du, Yazhou Xu, Xiaoyan Xu, Shijin Xiong, Linli Zhang, Biao Dong, Jinqing Huang, Tao Huang, Muyan Xiao, Tao Xiong, Mingyong Xie
Summary: This study successfully improved the ACE inhibitory activity of black sesame seeds by fermenting them with Lactobacillus Plantarum NCU116 and hydrolyzing them using acid protease. The RF-PSO model was used to predict the ACE inhibitory activity during the hydrolysis process. Eight peptides with ACE inhibitory activity were identified from fermented black sesame seed hydrolysates after separation and screening.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yao Liu, Songyi Lin, Kexin Liu, Shan Wang, Qiaozhen Liu, Na Sun
Summary: This study analyzed the structural changes of shrimp proteins during digestion, predicted the immunodominant epitopes, and validated their allergenicity. The results showed that shrimp proteins were degraded into peptides during digestion, but still carried IgE epitopes that trigger allergic reactions.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tiantian Fu, Hongwei Cao, Yu Zhang, Xiao Guan
Summary: This study investigates the impact of milling on the active components in rice, with a focus on the stability and bioaccessibility of phenols, VB1, and alpha-GABA during cooking and digestion. The findings show that milling exacerbates the instability of gamma-GABA during cooking and VB1 during digestion, and it affects the bioaccessibility of these active compounds.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhihao Yang, Yanru Hou, Min Zhang, Puxin Hou, Chang Liu, Lu Dou, Xiaoyu Chen, Lihua Zhao, Lin Su, Ye Jin
Summary: This study investigated the molecular mechanism of feeding regimes on lamb flavor by using TMT labeling combined with MS. The results showed that pasture-fed groups had higher levels of amino acids and volatile flavor substances compared to concentrate-fed groups. Additionally, several differentially abundant proteins associated with lamb flavor were identified.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zixuan Xie, De Zhang, Junyu Zhu, Qianqian Luo, Jun Liu, Jingtao Zhou, Xiaoyong Wang, Yuqiong Chen, Zhi Yu, Dejiang Ni
Summary: This study investigated the acidification of aroma-enhanced black tea during storage. Analysis of non-volatile substances and organic acids using UPLC-Q-TOF/MS and HPLC revealed a decrease in soluble sugars and amino acids, while an increase in organic acids such as oxalic acid, malic acid, and quinic acid. In vitro experiments further demonstrated that the acidification is a result of the decomposition of sugars and amino acids by heating, as well as the oxidation of aromatic aldehydes. Additionally, the study showed that the taste composition of tea infusion is altered, with reduced amino acids, catechins, soluble sugars, and flavonoids. This research provides a theoretical basis for improving the quality of black tea.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Lin Wang, Falai Ma, Zihan Li, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study developed time-temperature integrators based on amyloglucosidase@Cu3(PO4)2 nanoflowers for monitoring the freshness of chilled pork. The results showed that the integrators were highly reliable and accurate in predicting the quality of chilled pork.