Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Amir Najibi, Payman Ghazifard, Parisa Alizadeh
Summary: This study investigated the energy absorption characteristics of functionally graded foam-filled thin-walled tubes using finite element analysis, finding that linear density variations had better energy absorption properties compared to samples with gradient exponent of 2 and 5. Additionally, an innovative high-low-high density variation pattern showed better energy absorption performance.
JOURNAL OF SANDWICH STRUCTURES & MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
M. Salehi, S. M. H. Mirbagheri, A. Jafari Ramiani
Summary: The study found that the deformation of multilayer foam filled tubes starts from low-strength components and propagates through high-strength components with increasing stress. Graded structures consisting of aluminum and A356 alloy foams exhibit better specific energy absorption, while zinc foam does not show positive effects on crash performance.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuze Nian, Shui Wan, Peng Zhou, Xiao Wang, Robert Santiago, Mo Li
Summary: This study evaluates the potential use of functionally graded lattice-filled composite beams and finds that they absorb more energy but yield larger crushing force compared to uniform counterparts. Various parameters have a significant impact on the crashworthiness of the structure, and multi-objective optimization results in superior Pareto solutions.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Shunfeng Li, Q. M. Li
Summary: Polymeric foams, especially functionally graded foam materials, are widely studied for energy absorption applications. This study developed an analytical model to predict the responses of functionally graded polymeric foam (FGPF) under uniaxial compression loads, showing its applicability to low to moderate strain-rates. The study also demonstrated the potential for designing FGPF using optimization methods to maximize crashworthiness performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Jessica Tatianne Ortiz Florenciano, Alan Ambrosi, Dachamir Hotza, Sergio Yesid Gomez Gonzalez
Summary: Centrifugal casting is a shaping technique used for manufacturing ceramic tubular structures, aiming to produce asymmetrical membranes and functionally graded materials by exploiting particle size and density. This study investigated the influence of manufacturing parameters on the cast properties through simulations and experiments, and identified the mean particle diameter and rotation speed as the most influential parameters.
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Nejc Novak, Hasan Al-Rifaie, Alessandro Airoldi, Lovre Krstulovic-Opara, Tomasz Lodygowski, Zoran Ren, Matej Vesenjak
Summary: This paper investigates the behavior of novel re-entrant auxetic graded aluminium panels filled with polyurethane foam in absorbing impact energy. Experiment and computational simulation results show that foam-filled auxetic panels have higher energy absorption and more stable deformation compared to non-filled panels. The developed computational models accurately describe the mechanical and deformation behavior of the panels and can be used for virtual testing of other configurations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Prakash H. Jadhav, N. Gnanasekaran, Moghtada Mobedi
Summary: This study explores the use of partially filled high porosity graded aluminum and copper foams to satisfy both heat transfer and pressure drop in a heat exchanger. Different configurations with positive and negative orientations are utilized to enhance heat transfer and reduce pressure drop. The results show that the decreasing graded foam achieves higher heat transfer rate and lower pumping power compared to the models without graded metal foam.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Gaofei Wang, Yongliang Zhang, Zhijun Zheng, Haibo Chen, Jilin Yu
Summary: This paper proposes a novel design of foam-filled crash boxes to enhance the energy absorption and protection capability. The study finds that partial filling design reduces material usage and increases specific energy absorption. An improved optimization strategy is proposed by considering material utilization and deformation stability. Experimental validation confirms the effectiveness of this method.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Jianghuai Li
Summary: This study proposes new finite element methods for functionally graded piezoelectric shells that can accurately, efficiently, and comprehensively describe such structures. The shell element is treated as a three-dimensional continuum and its middle surface is represented with a quadrilateral spectral element. The shell geometry is described by scaling the middle surface along the thickness, while the displacements and electric potential are approximated using consistent quadratic Lagrange interpolation. The developed approach is verified by solving piezoelectric or functionally graded plate problems with reference solutions. The influence of power-law index and span-to-thickness ratio on the static and free vibration behaviors of the functionally graded structures is investigated and the optimal value of lambda for general functionally graded shells is determined.
THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Ismail Ozen, Hasan Gedikli, Mustafa Aslan
Summary: This paper aims to investigate the energy absorbing and deformation behaviors of composite crash boxes with different geometries. Experimental and numerical studies demonstrate that composite crash boxes filled with cellular structures perform better in terms of energy absorption performance.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Nima Movahedi, Matej Vesenjak, Irina Belova, Graeme E. Murch, Thomas Fiedler
Summary: This study explores the dynamic compression behavior and mechanical properties of functionally-graded metal syntactic foams under different particle types and aspect ratios. The findings suggest that uniform metal syntactic foams with lower aspect ratios exhibit higher overall strength, and different particle types show varying responses at higher loading velocities. The dynamic deformation of FG-MSFs originates in the weaker layer and transitions to a stronger layer at higher strains, affecting the stress-strain response.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Baixue Chang, Zhijun Zheng, Yuanrui Zhang, Yongliang Zhang, Kai Zhao, Jilin Yu
Summary: This study verifies the feasibility and reliability of the backward design strategy for crashworthiness of graded cellular materials, providing guidance for crashworthiness design in engineering practice.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jun Wei Chua, Xinwei Li, Tao Li, Beng Wah Chua, Xiang Yu, Wei Zhai
Summary: This study successfully produced functionally graded foam made of Inconel 625 superalloy and proposed methods to improve sound absorption performance. The sound absorption effects can be customized by various permutations of foam layers, adjusting the thickness proportion of pore sizes, and increasing the number of distinct pore sizes used. This study provides valuable insights and mathematical guidelines in the design and manufacturing of functionally graded metallic foam for specific applications.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhilei Wei, Siyu Liu, Dangui Liu, Jinling Wu, Hongyan Xia, Bo Wang, Zhongqi Shi
Summary: W/Si3N4 functionally graded materials were fabricated via spark plasma sintering for sealing liquid metal batteries. By adjusting the MgO content of the central Si3N4 layer, thermal stress of the products was effectively reduced, leading to good interface bonding and high performance.
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Suchao Xie, Jing Zhang, Xiang Liu, Shiwei Zheng, Zinan Liu
Summary: This study aims to improve the energy absorption performance of thin-walled structures. The crashworthiness of aluminum foam-filled open-hole tubes (AFOTs) and their combined energy-absorbing structure was studied. The effects of open-hole parameters on axial compression characteristics were investigated. The results showed that square holes can effectively reduce the initial peak crushing force (IPCF), but the decrease in IPCF is not exponential with an increase in the number of holes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Guo Zheng, Zengqiang Cao, Yuehaoxuan Wang, Reza Talemi
Summary: This study introduces two novel methods for predicting the fatigue response of Dynamic Cold Expansion (DCE) and Static Cold Expansion (SCE) open-hole plates. The accuracy of the prediction is enhanced by considering stress distributions and improving existing methods. The study also discusses the mechanisms behind fatigue life enhancement and fatigue crack propagation modes in cold expansion specimens.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Eric Heppner, Tomohiro Sasaki, Frank Trommer, Elmar Woschke
Summary: This paper presents a modeling approach for estimating the bonding strength of friction-welded lightweight structures. Through experiments and simulations, a method for evaluating the bonding strength of friction-welded lightweight structures is developed, and the plausibility and applicability of the model are discussed.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Piermario Vitullo, Alessio Colombo, Nicola Rares Franco, Andrea Manzoni, Paolo Zunino
Summary: Many applications in computational physics involve approximating problems with microstructure, characterized by multiple spatial scales in their data. However, these numerical solutions are often computationally expensive due to the need to capture fine details at small scales. Traditional projection based reduced order models (ROMs) fail to resolve these issues, even for second-order elliptic PDEs commonly found in engineering applications. To address this, we propose an alternative nonintrusive strategy to build a ROM, that combines classical proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) with a suitable neural network (NN) model to account for the small scales.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Chanh Dinh Vuong, Xiaofei Hu, Tinh Quoc Bui
Summary: In this paper, we present a dynamic description of the smoothing gradient-enhanced damage model for the simulation of quasi-brittle failure localization under time-dependent loading conditions. We introduce two efficient rate-dependent damage laws and various equivalent strain formulations to analyze the complicated stress states and inertia effects of the dynamic regime, enhancing the capability of the adopted approach in modeling dynamic fracture and branching.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Alexandre D. C. Amaro, A. Francisca Carvalho Alves, F. M. Andrade Pires
Summary: This study focuses on analyzing various deformation mechanisms that affect the behavior of PC/ABS blends using computational homogenization. By establishing a representative microstructural volume element, defining the constitutive description of the material phases, and modeling the interfaces and matrix damage, accurate predictions can be achieved. The findings have important implications for broader applications beyond PC/ABS blends.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
David Hoffmeyer, A. R. Damanpack
Summary: This paper introduces a method for determining all six stress components for a cantilever-type beam that is subjected to concentrated end loads. The method considers an inhomogeneous cross-section and employs cylindrically orthotropic material properties. The efficacy of the method is validated by numerical examples and a benchmark example, and the analysis on a real sawn timber cross-section reveals significant disparities in the maximum stresses compared to conventional engineering approaches.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Vladimir Stojanovic, Jian Deng, Dunja Milic, Marko D. Petkovic
Summary: The present paper investigates the dynamic analysis of a coupled Timoshenko beam-beam or beam-arch mechanical system with geometric nonlinearities. A modified p-version finite element method is developed for the vibrations of a shear deformable coupled beam system with a discontinuity in an elastic layer. The main contribution of this work is the discovery of coupled effects and phenomena in the simultaneous vibration analysis of varying discontinuity and varying curvature of the newly modelled coupled mechanical system. The analysis results are valuable and have broader applications in the field of solids and structures.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Gihwan Kim, Phill-Seung Lee
Summary: The phantom-node method is applied in the phase field model for mesh coarsening to improve computational efficiency. By recovering the fine mesh in the crack path domain into a coarse mesh, this method significantly reduces the number of degrees of freedom involved in the computation.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Souhail Chaouch, Julien Yvonnet
Summary: In this study, an unsupervised machine learning-based clustering approach is developed to reduce the computational cost of nonlinear multiscale methods. The approach clusters macro Gauss points based on their mechanical states, reducing the problem from macro scale to micro scale. A single micro nonlinear Representative Volume Element (RVE) calculation is performed for each cluster, using a linear approximation of the macro stress. Anelastic macro strains are used to handle internal variables. The technique is applied to nonlinear hyperelastic, viscoelastic and elastoplastic composites.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Hoang-Giang Bui, Jelena Ninic, Christian Koch, Klaus Hackl, Guenther Meschke
Summary: With the increasing demand for underground transport infrastructures, it is crucial to develop methods and tools that efficiently explore design options and minimize risks to the environment. This study proposes a BIM-based approach that connects user-friendly software with effective simulation tools to analyze complex tunnel structures. The results show that modeling efforts and computational time can be significantly reduced while maintaining high accuracy.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Aslan Nasirov, Xiaoyu Zhang, David Wagner, Saikumar R. Yeratapally, Caglar Oskay
Summary: This manuscript presents an efficient model construction strategy for the eigenstrain homogenization method (EHM) for the reduced order models of the nonlinear response of heterogeneous microstructures. The strategy relies on a parallel, element-by-element, conjugate gradient solver, achieving near linear scaling with respect to the number of degrees of freedom used to resolve the microstructure. The linear scaling in the number of pre-analyses required to construct the reduced order model (ROM) follows from the EHM formulation. The developed framework has been verified using an additively manufactured polycrystalline microstructure of Inconel 625.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Atticus Beachy, Harok Bae, Jose A. Camberos, Ramana V. Grandhi
Summary: Emulator embedded neural networks leverage multi-fidelity data sources for efficient design exploration of aerospace engineering systems. However, training the ensemble models can be costly and pose computational challenges. This work presents a new type of emulator embedded neural network using the rapid neural network paradigm, which trains near-instantaneously without loss of prediction accuracy.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Arash Hajisharifi, Michele Girfoglio, Annalisa Quaini, Gianluigi Rozza
Summary: This paper introduces three reduced order models for reducing computational time in atmospheric flow simulation while preserving accuracy. Among them, the PODI method, which uses interpolation with radial basis functions, maintains accuracy at any time interval.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
D. Munoz, S. Torregrosa, O. Allix, F. Chinesta
Summary: The Proper Generalized Decomposition (PGD) is a Model Order Reduction framework used for parametric analysis of physical problems. It allows for offline computation and real-time simulation in various situations. However, its efficiency may decrease when the domain itself is considered as a parameter. Optimal transport techniques have shown exceptional performance in interpolating fields over geometric domains with varying shapes. Therefore, combining these two techniques is a natural choice. PGD handles the parametric solution while the optimal transport-based methodology transports the solution for a family of domains defined by geometric parameters.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Jothi Mani Thondiraj, Akhshaya Paranikumar, Devesh Tiwari, Daniel Paquet, Pritam Chakraborty
Summary: This study develops a diffused interface CPFEM framework, which reduces computational cost by using biased mesh and provides accurate results using non-conformal elements in the mesh size transiting regions. The accuracy of the framework is confirmed through comparisons with sharp and stepped interface results.
FINITE ELEMENTS IN ANALYSIS AND DESIGN
(2024)