Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Danyel Lee, Jeremie Le Pen, Ahmad Yatim, Beihua Dong, Yann Aquino, Masato Ogishi, Remi Pescarmona, Estelle Talouarn, Darawan Rinchai, Peng Zhang, Magali Perret, Zhiyong Liu, Iolanda Jordan, Sefika Elmas Bozdemir, Gulsum Iclal Bayhan, Camille Beaufils, Lucy Bizien, Aurelie Bisiaux, Weite Lei, Milena Hasan, Jie Chen, Christina Gaughan, Abhishek Asthana, Valentina Libri, Joseph M. Luna, Fabrice Jaffre, H. Heinrich Hoffmann, Eleftherios Michailidis, Marion Moreews, Yoann Seeleuthner, Kaya Bilguvar, Shrikant Mane, Carlos Flores, Yu Zhang, Andres A. Arias, Rasheed Bailey, Agatha Schluter, Baptiste Milisavljevic, Benedetta Bigio, Tom Le Voyer, Marie Materna, Adrian Gervais, Marcela Moncada-Velez, Francesca Pala, Tomi Lazarov, Romain Levy, Anna-Lena Neehus, Jeremie Rosain, Jessica Peel, Yi-Hao Chan, Marie-Paule Morin, Rosa Maria Pino-Ramirez, Serkan Belkaya, Lazaro Lorenzo, Jordi Anton, Selket Delafontaine, Julie Toubiana, Fanny Bajolle, Victoria Fumado, Marta L. DeDiego, Nadhira Fidouh, Flore Rozenberg, Jordi Perez-Tur, Shuibing Chen, Todd Evans, Frederic Geissmann, Pierre Lebon, Susan R. Weiss, Damien Bonnet, Xavier Duval, Qiang Pan-Hammarstrom, Anna M. Planas, Isabelle Meyts, Filomeen Haerynck, Aurora Pujol, Vanessa Sancho-Shimizu, Clifford L. Dalgard, Jacinta Bustamante, Anne Puel, Stephanie Boisson-Dupuis, Bertrand Boisson, Tom Maniatis, Qian Zhang, Paul Bastard, Luigi Notarangelo, Vivien Beziat, Rebeca Perez de Diego, Carlos Rodriguez-Gallego, Helen C. Su, Richard P. Lifton, Emmanuelle Jouanguy, Aurelie Cobat, Laia Alsina, Sevgi Keles, Elie Haddad, Laurent Abel, Alexandre Belot, Lluis Quintana-Murci, Charles M. Rice, Robert H. Silverman, Shen-Ying Zhang, Jean-Laurent Casanova
Summary: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) is a rare and severe condition that occurs in children who have had benign COVID-19. In this study, autosomal recessive deficiencies of OAS1, OAS2, or RNASEL were found in five unrelated children with MIS-C. These deficiencies result in the overproduction of inflammatory cytokines by mononuclear phagocytes when stimulated by dsRNA or SARS-CoV-2.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tomas Lasek, Magdalena Petrova, Ivana Kosiova, Ondrej Simak, Milos Budesinsky, Jaroslav Kozak, Jan Snasel, Zdenek Vavrina, Gabriel Birkus, Ivan Rosenberg, Ondrej Pav
Summary: The oligoadenylate synthetase-ribonuclease L pathway plays a crucial role in the interferon-induced antiviral defense mechanism of cells. The study investigates the influence of 5'-phosphate end on the activation of human RNase L. Results show that isosteric linkages and linkages prolonged by one atom are well tolerated by the enzyme, while linkages shortened by one atom or prolonged by two atoms exhibit decreased activity.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Frank W. Soveg, Johannes Schwerk, Nandan S. Gokhale, Karen Cerosaletti, Julian R. Smith, Erola Pairo-Castineira, Alison M. Kell, Adriana Forero, Shivam A. Zaver, Katharina Esser-Nobis, Justin A. Roby, Tien-Ying Hsiang, Snehal Ozarkar, Jonathan M. Clingan, Eileen T. McAnarney, Amy El Stone, Uma Malhotra, Cate Speake, Joseph Perez, Chiraag Balu, Eric J. Allenspach, Jennifer L. Hyde, Vineet D. Menachery, Saumendra N. Sarkar, Joshua J. Woodward, Daniel B. Stetson, John Kenneth Baillie, Jane H. Buckner, Michael Gale, Ram Savan
Summary: An isoform of oligoadenylate synthetase 1, OAS1 p46, is targeted to the endomembrane system, enhancing antiviral activity against certain RNA viruses including flaviviruses, picornaviruses, and SARS-CoV-2. The OAS1 splice-site SNP responsible for production of OAS1 p46 isoform correlates with protection from severe COVID-19, suggesting early control of SARS-CoV-2 replication through OAS1 p46 is crucial for determining COVID-19 severity.
Article
Immunology
Mengmeng Zhao, Huiyang Sha, Huawei Li, Hang Zhang, Liangzong Huang, Ruining Wang
Summary: This study demonstrates that porcine OASL1 inhibits PRRSV-2 infection through activation of MDA5, providing new evidence for understanding the mechanism.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Ahmed K. Oraby, Cassandra L. Gardner, Robert F. Needle, Hassan M. Kofahi, Kylie R. Everard, Nathan G. A. Taylor, Suzette G. Rutihinda, Jacqueline P. Barry, Kensuke Hirasawa, Paris E. Georghiou, Rodney S. Russell
Summary: The novel small-molecule compound AO13 demonstrated a consistent but low-level antiviral effect against HCV, potentially acting on a late stage in the viral life cycle. This compound could serve as a lead compound for future drug development against other important viruses.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chi-Ling Chen, Tai-Chung Tseng, Chun-Jen Liu, Jia-Horng Kao, Pei-Jer Chen, Wei-Shiung Yang
Summary: This study reveals a positive relationship between serum RNase L levels and HBV viral titers or advanced disease status. Further investigation in this area may provide more details of an innate immune response for HBV and opportunity for novel therapeutic strategy.
HEPATOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Elodie Beaumont, Vincent Larochette, Laurence Preisser, Charline Miot, Pascale Pignon, Simon Blanchard, Bjorn-Thore Hansen, Jonathan Dauve, Caroline Poli, Minna M. Poranen, Patricia Lamourette, Marc Plaisance, Alain Morel, Helmut Fickenscher, Pascale Jeannin, Philippe Roingeard, Yves Delneste
Summary: IL-26 plays a crucial role in protecting against HCV infection in the liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C, exerting direct antiviral activity by inhibiting viral replication and interfering with RNA polymerase activity.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Bin Yan, Yujun Liu, Yuan-Chuan Chen, Fenyong Liu
Summary: This study demonstrates that RNase P ribozyme can effectively suppress the gene expression and replication of hepatitis B virus, providing evidence for the potential application of RNase P ribozyme in anti-HBV therapy.
Article
Immunology
Alba Rodriguez-Garcia, Maria Linares, Maria Luz Morales, Sophie Allain-Maillet, Nicolas Mennesson, Ricardo Sanchez, Rafael Alonso, Alejandra Leivas, Alfredo Perez-Rivilla, Edith Bigot-Corbel, Sylvie Hermouet, Joaquin Martinez-Lopez
Summary: This study reports on the association between HCV infection and the progression of MGUS and MM. The results suggest a causal relationship and show that antiviral treatment can lead to better disease progression. When HCV is eliminated, clonal plasma cells can be controlled, providing new possibilities for the treatment of MGUS and myeloma.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xiaomi Li, Jingyan Wang, Xiaoyan Ding, Yawen Xu, Minghua Yu, Hongxiao Wu, Na Deng, Wei Li, Jinglong Chen
Summary: The clinical efficacy of lenvatinib was compared between hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC. The study found that patients with HBV-HCC had higher objective response rate and disease control rate compared to HCV-HCC, but there were no significant differences in progression-free survival and overall survival between the two groups. Multivariate regression analysis identified HBV infection and antiviral time > 5 years as independent favorable factors for progression-free survival. Overall, lenvatinib seemed to be more effective in HBV-related HCC compared to HCV-related HCC.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Emmanuelle Bignon, Marco Marazzi, Tom Miclot, Giampaolo Barone, Antonio Monari
Summary: The outbreak of COVID-19 emphasized the importance of understanding emerging viruses, while investigating the molecular mechanisms of West Nile Virus can aid in designing effective antivirals.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Chen-Hua Liu, Jia-Horng Kao
Summary: Acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, with varying incidence rates globally, is most common in individuals who have received unsafe medical procedures, used injection drugs, and lived with human immunodeficiency virus. Diagnosing acute HCV infection is challenging in immunocompromised, reinfected, and superinfected patients due to difficulties in detecting anti-HCV antibody seroconversion and HCV ribonucleic acid. Clinical trials have recently shown the treatment benefits of direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). Early initiation of DAAs is recommended for acute HCV infection before spontaneous viral clearance, and shorter treatment durations can be effective. Standard DAA regimens have similar efficacy in treating HCV-reinfected patients and DAA-naive ones. For specific cases, such as HCV-viremic liver and non-liver solid organ transplant recipients, different treatment durations and courses of DAAs are suggested. Prophylactic HCV vaccines are currently unavailable, so prevention measures, harm reduction, safe sex, and vigilant surveillance after viral clearance are crucial for reducing HCV transmission. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2023;29:623-642)
CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Rajneesh Kumar, Kwai Peng Chan, Victoria Sze Min Ekstrom, Judith Chui Ching Wong, Kun Lee Lim, Wee Ching Ng, Shi Min Woo, Kian Sing Chan, Sobhana Thangaraju, Terence Yi Shern Kee, Sheryl Shien Wen Gan, Marjorie Wai Yin Foo, Lynette Lin Ean Oon, Wan Cheng Chow
Summary: HCV antigen testing shows high clinical sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of acute and chronic hepatitis C in at-risk and immunocompromised patients, with advantages of short turnaround time and relatively low cost for monitoring HCV infection and reinfection in patients on hemodialysis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Don C. Rockey, Scott L. Friedman
Summary: The introduction of novel and highly effective direct-acting antiviral drugs has revolutionized the treatment of HCV by curing a broad range of patients, including those with established advanced fibrosis, cirrhosis, comorbidities, and complications. Fibrosis is a dynamic process involving both extracellular matrix deposition and degradation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saumendra N. Sarkar, Munesh K. Harioudh, Lulu Shao, Joseph Perez, Arundhati Ghosh
Summary: Oligoadenylate synthetases (OAS) are interferon-stimulated genes that play a crucial role in protecting hosts from viral infections. In addition to their well-known function of degrading viral RNA, recent studies have revealed alternative antiviral mechanisms of OAS proteins. Moreover, some OAS proteins have been linked to broader functions beyond viral infection.
JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH
(2023)
