Article
Cell Biology
Ilenia Agliarulo, Seetharaman Parashuraman
Summary: This article discusses the central role of the Golgi apparatus in the mammalian secretory pathway and its regulation of plasma membrane biosynthesis through three distinct processes. It also explores the importance of the molecules involved in these processes in physiology and development, as well as how mutations in these molecules can lead to genetic diseases and cancer.
Article
Microbiology
Clem Marsilia, Mrinalini Batra, Irina D. Pokrovskaya, Changqi Wang, Dale Chaput, Daria A. Naumova, Vladimir V. Lupashin, Elena S. Suvorova
Summary: This study reveals the expanded function of the conservative Golgi tethering COG complex in T. gondii and identifies additional regulators of transport specific to the parasite, providing insights into the parasite's secretory organelles.
Review
Cell Biology
Sandica Bucurica, Laura Gaman, Mariana Jinga, Andrei Adrian Popa, Florentina Ionita-Radu
Summary: The Golgi apparatus is crucial in protein sorting, modification, and trafficking in cells. Dysregulation of the Golgi apparatus is implicated in various gastrointestinal cancers. GOLPH3 and GOLGA proteins, specifically GOLGA1 and GOLGA7, play significant roles in gastroenterological cancers by affecting signaling pathways, vesicular trafficking, and protein glycosylation processes.
Article
Biology
Richa Sardana, Carolyn M. Highland, Beth E. Straight, Christopher F. Chavez, J. Christopher Fromme, Scott D. Emr
Summary: This study uncovers the role of an integral membrane protein Erd1 in facilitating Golgi glycosyltransferase recycling in yeast, and loss of Erd1 function leads to mislocalization of Golgi enzymes. Evidence suggests that Erd1 is essential for productive recycling of early Golgi enzymes, and provides new insights on how the localization of Golgi glycosyltransferases is spatially and temporally regulated.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adrian Vasile Dumitru, Evelina-Elena Stoica, Razvan-Adrian Covache-Busuioc, Bogdan-Gabriel Bratu, Monica-Mihaela Cirstoiu
Summary: The Golgi apparatus plays a significant role in breast cancer development, and investigating its interaction with breast cancer can pave the way for innovative therapies and biomarker discovery.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Galina V. Beznoussenko, Andrei Iu. Bejan, Seetharaman Parashuraman, Alberto Luini, Hee-Seok Kweon, Alexander A. Mironov
Summary: The Golgi complex is the main station along the cell biosecretory pathway, but the mechanisms of intra-Golgi transport have remained unclear. Through experiments, it has been confirmed that the regression lines describing the exit of cargo from the Golgi zone follow an exponential decay pattern. Furthermore, simulations have shown that microtubule growth or random ministack hovering play a role in the kinetics of cargo exit from the Golgi complex.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lana Buzuk, Doris Hellerschmied
Summary: The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the secretory pathway of eukaryotic cells, processing proteins and organizing their transportation to other cellular compartments. It is involved in cell surface formation, cell polarity, cell-cell communication, immune signaling, DNA damage response, and mitosis. Maintaining Golgi integrity and protein homeostasis is essential, as Golgi fragmentation and dysfunction are linked to neurodegenerative diseases and certain cancers. Recent studies have revealed the importance of ubiquitin signaling in maintaining Golgi integrity and protein quality control, similar to the endoplasmic reticulum. Ubiquitination helps prevent the accumulation of toxic protein aggregates and regulates Golgi structural rearrangements in response to cellular stress.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jianyang Liu, Yan Huang, Ting Li, Zheng Jiang, Liuwang Zeng, Zhiping Hu
Summary: The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in cellular homeostasis and is linked to various diseases. Mutations in genes encoding Golgi resident proteins can lead to diseases, typically involving defects in membrane trafficking, protein mislocalization, and impaired glycosylation. Detection of Golgi resident proteins in human serum samples may serve as a diagnostic tool, while the central role of Golgi apparatus in membrane trafficking pathways presents potential targets for disease therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Qingchen Rui, Xiaoyun Tan, Feng Liu, Yiqun Bao
Summary: In this review, we summarize the key players in Golgi maintenance demonstrated by genetic studies in plants, with an emphasis on their roles in intra-Golgi trafficking.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Christian Jetschni, Peter Goetz
Summary: This study aimed to establish and define the necessary structures to simulate the process of N-glycosylation in silico. The process of glycosylation in the Golgi structure was represented in an agent-based model with defined movement patterns and reaction rules.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rebecca J. J. Taylor, Grigory Tagiltsev, John A. G. Briggs
Summary: COPI-coated vesicles are involved in transport between Golgi stacks and retrograde transport from the Golgi to the endoplasmic reticulum. This process is regulated by small GTPases of the Arf family, which recruit the COPI coat to the membrane for vesicle formation. Understanding the interplay between coatomer, Arf GTPases, and their effectors is essential to comprehend the mechanism of COPI-coated vesicle trafficking.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ning Zhang, Olga A. Zabotina
Summary: Glycosyltransferases (GTs) play a critical role in synthesizing various glycans in cells. Glycosylation occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi, requiring the delivery of related enzymes to the appropriate locations. This review summarizes the protein trafficking mechanism between the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Susana Sabido-Bozo, Ana Maria Perez-Linero, Javier Manzano-Lopez, Sofia Rodriguez-Gallardo, Auxiliadora Aguilera-Romero, Alejandro Cortes-Gomez, Sergio Lopez, Ralf Erik Wellinger, Manuel Muniz
Summary: This study reveals that the p24 complex promotes the binding of Gea1 with COPI by increasing the association between COPI and the membrane independently of Arf1 activation, and also facilitates the interaction of Arf1 with its COPI effector. Therefore, the p24 complex aids in programming Arf1 activation by Gea1 to selectively assemble COPI coats at the cis-Golgi compartment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Galina Beznoussenko, Hee-Seok Kweon, Irina S. Sesorova, Alexander A. Mironov
Summary: This study compared the explanatory power of the cisterna maturation-progression model and the kiss-and-run model for the intra-Golgi transport. The authors found that their observations were more in line with the kiss-and-run model.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Maria C. Z. Meneghetti, Paula Deboni, Carlos M. V. Palomino, Luiz P. Braga, Renan P. Cavalheiro, Gustavo M. Viana, Edwin A. Yates, Helena B. Nader, Marcelo A. Lima
Summary: Heparan sulfate (HS), a polysaccharide found on the cell surface and extracellular matrix, is synthesized in the Golgi apparatus through a non-template driven process. Changes in the localization of HS-modifying enzymes in the Golgi correlate with changes in the structure of HS, rather than protein expression levels. Understanding the dynamics of HS-modifying enzymes through vesicular trafficking in the ER-Golgi pathway is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of HS biosynthesis.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2021)
