Article
Psychiatry
Li-Juan Nie, Jun Liang, Feng Shan, Bao-Shi Wang, Yuan-Yuan Mu, Xie-Hai Zhou, Qing-Rong Xia
Summary: The endogenous L-carnitine and its derivative acetyl-L-carnitine play a role in antidepressant effects and may serve as potential biomarkers for diagnosing MDD. The levels of serum LC and ALC are significantly reduced in patients with MDD, with potential diagnostic value. Furthermore, changes in LC and ALC concentrations could differentiate between effective and ineffective treatment of depression, indicating their potential as novel biomarkers.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Dong-Dong Wang, Tian-Yun Wang, Yang Yang, Su-Mei He, You-Mei Wang
Summary: The study found that l-carnitine can reduce body mass in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, while no significant effects were observed with acetyl-l-carnitine or propionyl-l-carnitine. To achieve 80% of the maximal effect, a minimum of 2 grams of l-carnitine daily for at least 2 weeks was required.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shuhei Kanagaki, Yusuke Tsutsui, Naoki Kobayashi, Takashi Komine, Minoru Ito, Yunike Akasaka, Michiaki Nagasawa, Tomohiro Ide, Naoki Omae, Kazuhisa Nakao, Makoto Rembutsu, Maki Iwago, Aki Yonezawa, Yusei Hosokawa, Tetsuya Hosooka, Wataru Ogawa, Koji Murakami
Summary: We have identified a small-molecule compound (RX-375) that activates AMPK and inhibits fatty acid synthesis in human hepatocytes. RX-375 interacts with prohibitins (PHB1 and PHB2) to induce dissociation of the AMPK-PHB complex, resulting in AMPK activation. Administration of RX-375 to obese mice activates AMPK and improves liver steatosis. Our findings highlight the importance of the AMPK-PHB interaction and suggest compounds that disrupt this interaction as a class of AMPK activators.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Saman Tauqir, Momina Israr, Bushra Rauf, Muhammad Omar Malik, Syed Hamid Habib, Fawad Ali Shah, Muhammad Usman, Muhammad Asif Raza, Inayat Shah, Haroon Badshah, Ehtesham Ehtesham, Mohsin Shah
Summary: The study indicates that addition of ALC therapy is superior to metformin plus pioglitazone in ameliorating insulin resistance, polycystic ovaries, menstrual irregularities, and hypoadiponectinemia in women with PCOS.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alicia Lopez-Maldonado, Silvia Pastoriza, Jose Angel Rufian-Henares
Summary: The study evaluated the antioxidant and metabolic effects of a dietary supplement based on ALA and ALC, finding significant preventive effects against oxidative stress and recommending 2 capsules as a reasonable dosage.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Abd El Kader Ait Tayeb, Romain Colle, Khalil El-Asmar, Kenneth Chappell, Cecile Acquaviva-Bourdain, Denis J. David, Severine Trabado, Philippe Chanson, Bruno Feve, Laurent Becquemont, Celine Verstuyft, Emmanuelle Corruble
Summary: This study found that patients with major depressive episodes have lower levels of peripheral acetyl-l-carnitine (ALC) and higher levels of l-carnitine compared to healthy controls. After antidepressant treatment, these imbalances are restored, and the severity of mitochondrial dysfunction may predict the response to treatment.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Salma F. Hassan, Asser I. Ghoneim, Doaa A. Ghareeb, Hisham A. Nematalla
Summary: This study found that the purslane extract and metformin, which are commonly used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes, have significant effects on the cognitive function and hippocampal markers of diabetic rats. These effects are achieved through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and autophagy enhancing mechanisms.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Li-Juan Nie, Jun Liang, Feng Shan, Ya-Yun Xu, Chun-Yu Yan, Xuan Zhou, Zhuo-Yu Cheng, Qing-Rong Xia
Summary: A simple and selective ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed for the determination of LC and ALC in human serum. The method showed good linearity, stability, and accuracy, making it suitable for clinical research studies.
BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini, Valeria Giorgi, Simona Di Lascio, Diego Fornasari
Summary: Acetyl-L-carnitine plays a role in energy metabolism, has antioxidant properties, and modulates brain neurotransmitters and neurotrophic factors. It has the potential for use in chronic pain, cognitive and mood disorders, inducing analgesia and preventing spinal sensitisation, with potential long-term effects on chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Seigo Ito, Masahiro Nakashima, Takuya Ishikiriyama, Hiroyuki Nakashima, Akira Yamagata, Toshihiko Imakiire, Manabu Kinoshita, Shuhji Seki, Hiroo Kumagai, Naoki Oshima
Summary: The study found that oral administration of L-carnitine can alleviate the symptoms of diabetic nephropathy. L-carnitine can reduce the level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and improve the expression of superoxide dismutase. It also lowers the circulating mitochondrial DNA content. Moreover, L-carnitine can reduce macrophage infiltration and suppress inflammation.
KIDNEY & BLOOD PRESSURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jun Chen, Tamara K. Singh, Sarah Al Nemri, Maheen Zaidi, Kelvin L. Billingsley, Jae Mo Park
Summary: Mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) is sensitive to various biological factors and dysregulation of OXPHOS is observed in the development of many pathological conditions. Acetyl-l-carnitine (ALCAR) is an endogenous source of acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) and can be used to assess OXPHOS. In this study, hyperpolarized (HP) [1-C-13]ALCAR was developed as a noninvasive probe for investigating cardiac tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle activity in vivo. This study demonstrates the first use of HP methods with [1-C-13]ALCAR to analyze mitochondrial function and TCA cycle activity in the heart.
Article
Oncology
Cheng Wang, Wencheng Zhang, Wenjing Xu, Zhaoyu Liu, Kai Huang
Summary: This study found that hepatic AMPK alpha 1 plays an essential role in maintaining iron homeostasis by regulating hepcidin through its interaction with PHD2. This discovery provides a new potential approach for treating iron disturbances in chronic diseases.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Xu-dong Jiang, Yu Liu, Jian-fei Wu, San-ni Gong, Yao Ma, Xiang-dong Zi
Summary: Supplementation with acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) improved the viability of yak granulosa cells (GCs), reduced the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid droplets, and promoted hormone synthesis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessio Ardizzone, Roberta Fusco, Giovanna Casili, Marika Lanza, Daniela Impellizzeri, Emanuela Esposito, Salvatore Cuzzocrea
Summary: The study demonstrated that the oral administration of a compound mixture of um-PEA and LAC significantly reduced paw edema, thermal hyperalgesia, inflammatory cell infiltration, and myeloperoxidase activity in a rat model of inflammatory pain induced by carrageenan. The combination of um-PEA and LAC showed superior anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects compared to individual administration of the compounds.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Malgorzata Tokarska-Schlattner, Laurence Kay, Pascale Perret, Raffaella Isola, Stephane Attia, Frederic Lamarche, Cindy Tellier, Cecile Cottet-Rousselle, Amjad Uneisi, Isabelle Hininger-Favier, Marc Foretz, Herve Dubouchaud, Catherine Ghezzi, Christian Zuppinger, Benoit Viollet, Uwe Schlattner
Summary: AMPK, a key regulator of energy homeostasis, plays important roles in maintaining cardiac function under increased workload conditions. Deletion of AMPK genes in cardiomyocytes did not affect heart function under physiological conditions, but led to alterations in response to increased workload. AMPK deletion also resulted in decreased basal metabolic rate and locomotor activity, along with changes in cardiac mitochondrial function and bioenergetics.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
