Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bohao Zhao, Jiali Li, Ming Liu, Naisu Yang, Zhiyuan Bao, Xiyu Zhang, Yingying Dai, Jiawei Cai, Yang Chen, Xinsheng Wu
Summary: This study reveals that lncRNA2919 plays a negative role in hair follicle (HF) regeneration by decreasing HF depth and density. The methylation levels of the lncRNA2919 promoter during different stages of HF cycle were detected, and a key CpG site negatively correlated with lncRNA2919 expression was identified. 5-Aza-dc-induced demethylation upregulated lncRNA2919 expression, and it was found that DNA methylation could prevent the binding of EGR1 to the lncRNA2919 promoter region, thereby affecting lncRNA2919 transcriptional expression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yuxin Ding, Yuhong Chen, Xiaoshuang Yang, Piaopiao Xu, Jing Jing, Yujie Miao, Meiqi Mao, Jiali Xu, Xianjie Wu, Zhongfa Lu
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms of noncoding RNAs and competitive endogenous RNA networks associated with the hair follicle cycle, and identifies new alopecia-related genes such as GSPT1. The study provides valuable insights into the regulation of the hair follicle cycle.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiali Li, Bohao Zhao, Shuyu Yao, Yingying Dai, Xiyu Zhang, Naisu Yang, Zhiyuan Bao, Jiawei Cai, Yang Chen, Xinsheng Wu
Summary: This study found that exosomes derived from dermal papilla cells regulate hair follicle stem cell proliferation by stimulating LEF1, providing new insights into the regulatory mechanisms of hair follicle growth and development.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Koya Suzuki, Kosuke Yamaga, Reitaro Tokumasu, Tatsuya Katsuno, Hiroo Tanaka, Shuhei Chiba, Takeshi Yagi, Ichiro Katayama, Atsushi Tamura, Hiroyuki Murota, Sachiko Tsukita
Summary: Hair retention in infant mice is regulated by Claudin (CLDN)-1 and CLDN3, which maintain the appropriate layered architecture of hair follicles. Deficiencies in these proteins can lead to hair loss.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Megan A. Palmer, Eleanor Smart, Iain S. Haslam
Summary: The research found differential expression of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters across the hair cycle. The expression of cholesterol transport proteins decreased as hair follicles transitioned from growth to regression, while staining for free cholesterol revealed prominent cholesterol striations within the basement membrane of the hair bulb. Liver X receptor agonism actively regulated some cholesterol transport proteins in human hair follicles and primary keratinocytes.
HISTOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Tao Ma, Jianyu Li, Jianping Li, Sufang Wu, Xiangba, Huaizhi Jiang, Qialling Zhang
Summary: Research has shown that miRNA-203 regulates the development of hair follicles in Cashmere goats by targeting the genes DDOST and NAE1, potentially leading to increased domestic cashmere yield.
Article
Dermatology
Xiao Gao, Qingwei Wang, Lei Yuan, Chan Jiao, Ying Yu, Xiaoshuang Wang, Peng Xu, Yining Ma, Yelin Wu, Zhipeng Wu, Lei Li, Jianru Xiao, Yongyan Dang
Summary: REG-y deletion delays the transition of hair follicles from telogen to anagen and hair regeneration in mice, leading to a significant decrease in hair follicle stem cell number, stem-like property, and proliferation ability. Moreover, REG-y regulates Lgr5 expression and promotes LHX2 degradation, impacting hair follicle growth and regeneration.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Mafalda Correia, Joana Lopes, Daniela Lopes, Ana Melero, Pooyan Makvandi, Francisco Veiga, Jorge F. J. Coelho, Ana C. Fonseca, Ana Claudia Paiva-Santos
Summary: This review discusses nanotechnology-based strategies for hair follicle (HF) regeneration, including controlled drug release and HF-specific targeting. In addition to traditional hair repair methods, wound-induced hair neogenesis (WIHN) has gained attention as a research focus. HF regeneration involves various modalities and technologies, including modulation of the hair cycle, stimulation of progenitor cells and signaling pathways, tissue engineering, WIHN, and gene therapy.
Review
Cell Biology
Sangbum Park
Summary: Hair follicles undergo continuous growth and regression cycles driven by the regulation of stem cells and niche components. Complex morphogenesis is required to build the structure of hair follicles during embryonic development. Understanding the formation and maintenance of hair follicles, as well as the mechanisms for hair follicle generation and skin regeneration, is crucial.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Wei Tu, Yu-Wei Cao, Mang Sun, Qian Liu, Heng-Guang Zhao
Summary: This review examines the function of mTOR signaling in hair follicles and hair diseases, and discusses the underlying molecular mechanisms that mTOR signaling regulates.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rakan Naboulsi, Jakub Cieslak, Denis Headon, Ahmad Jouni, Juan J. Negro, Goran Andersson, Gabriella Lindgren
Summary: Gene expression differences can help understand important genetic mechanisms between phenotypic traits. Choosing an appropriate sample collection method can enhance the specificity of results. In this study, RNA-seq was performed on plucked-hair and skin biopsy samples, and cell-type enrichment was compared between the two methods using cell-specific marker genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Lisette Van Hove, Annagiada Toniolo, Mohammad Ghiasloo, Kim Lecomte, Fleur Boone, Maarten Ciers, Kris Raaijmakers, Niels Vandamme, Jana Roels, Sophia Maschalidi, Kodi S. Ravichandran, Maria Kasper, Geert van Loo, Esther Hoste
Summary: In this study, the authors show that keratinocyte-specific deletion of Atg16l1 exacerbates skin inflammatory and tumorigenic responses. They also demonstrate that keratinocyte autophagy regulates the activation of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) and impacts skin healing. These findings suggest that autophagy in keratinocytes plays a crucial role in controlling skin inflammation, tumorigenesis, and HFSC activation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carla M. Abreu, Mariana T. Cerqueira, Rogerio P. Pirraco, Luca Gasperini, Rui L. Reis, Alexandra P. Marques
Summary: The conditioned medium from interfollicular keratinocytes (KCs-CM) has been shown to improve the hair inductive ability of DP cells, with significant effects on DP cell growth and restoration of activity. Additionally, DP cells cultured with KCs-CM in spheroids demonstrated superior activity and supported the formation of hair follicle- and sebaceous gland-like structures in mice when co-grafted with human keratinocytes.
JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Min Yang, Tingting Weng, Wei Zhang, Manjia Zhang, Xiaojie He, Chunmao Han, Xingang Wang
Summary: Alopecia is a commonly seen issue affecting various age groups, with hair follicle regeneration considered as a strategy to address this problem. Non-coding RNAs, particularly microRNAs and long ncRNAs, play crucial regulatory roles in hair follicle development and regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Allen W. Lynch, Christina Theodoris, Henry Long, Myles Brown, X. Shirley Liu, Clifford A. Meyer
Summary: MIRA is a comprehensive methodology that compares gene expression and chromatin accessibility in single cells to infer regulatory mechanisms driving cell fate transitions. It models cell states and regulatory potential of gene loci to represent cell states in an efficient and interpretable latent space, and reveals the variable influence of local accessibility on transcription at different gene loci.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tongyu C. Wikramanayake, Carina Nicu, Jeremy Cheret, Traci A. Czyzyk, Ralf Paus
Summary: MPZL3 is a crucial regulator of various physiological processes such as sebaceous gland function and hair follicle cycling, potentially influenced by core clock gene activity and PPAR gamma. The conservation between murine and human MPZL3 suggests complex functions in health and disease, with potential for further research to fully understand its role in mammalian physiology.
Article
Biology
ZhiCao Yue, Mingxing Lei, Ralf Paus, Cheng-Ming Chuong
Summary: The regulatory logic in organ regeneration, including quantitative thresholds and qualitative responses, is crucial for understanding the initiation and completion of the process. Examples in skin regeneration highlight the significance of molecular regulatory circuitry, and knowledge of this logic may lead to novel therapeutic strategies.
BIOLOGICAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Letter
Dermatology
Jeremy Cheret, Ilaria Piccini, Jennifer Gherardini, Leslie Ponce, Marta Bertolini, Ralf Paus
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Dermatology
Tongyu C. Wikramanayake, Carina Nicu, Jennifer Gherardini, Anna C. G. C. V. Mello, Jeremy Cheret, Ralf Paus
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alec Sevilla, Jeremy Cheret, Radomir M. Slominski, Andrzej T. Slominski, Ralf Paus
Summary: Melatonin, an evolutionarily ancient compound, plays a crucial role in regulating melanogenesis, oxidative biology, mitochondrial function, and pigmentation-related clock gene activity in human skin. It inhibits melanogenesis and melanocyte proliferation by stimulating melatonin membrane receptors, while also providing cyto- and senescence-protective and antioxidative effects in melanocytes. Research suggests the importance of studying melatonin's effects on melanocytes in a physiological tissue context and further exploring its impact on human epidermis and hair follicles.
JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tongyu C. Wikramanayake, Jeremy Cheret, Alec Sevilla, Mark Birch-Machin, Ralf Paus
Summary: The analysis of mitochondria in oxidative damage and skin aging is important in dermatological research. Mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that can be cytotoxic and DNA-damaging, leading to (photo-)aging. However, mitochondria also have physiological functions and their dysfunction is involved in skin diseases and cancers. This paper explores the role of mitochondria in skin physiology and evaluates potential lead compounds for therapeutic research. The mitochondrial protein MPZL3 is highlighted as a promising target for future research.
EXPERT OPINION ON THERAPEUTIC TARGETS
(2022)
Letter
Dermatology
J. Gherardini, K. E. Rivas, J. Cheret, N. Strbo, R. Paus
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY AND VENEREOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Alec Sevilla, Jeremy Cheret, Wendy Lee, Ralf Paus
Summary: This pilot study aimed to investigate the effects of melatonin on melanin production and melanocytes in intact human epidermis. The results showed that melanin content and melanocyte dendricity increased with melatonin treatment, while tyrosinase activity was inhibited. Higher doses of melatonin increased the number and proliferation of melanocytes and keratinocytes, as well as the expression of the premelanosomal marker gp100. These findings suggest that long-term melatonin therapy may stimulate melanogenesis and increase the activity of epidermal melanocytes.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Elijah J. Horesh, Jennifer Gherardini, Majid Alam, Jose Rodriguez-Feliz, Alan J. Bauman, Jeremy Cheret, Ralf Paus
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Moe Tsutsumi, Saito Sakaguchi, Kazuki Takagaki, Jeremy Cheret, Ralf Paus, Kentaro Kajiya
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Dermatology
Jeremy Cheret, Tara Samra, Samantha D. Verling, Jennifer Gherardini, Jose Rodriguez-Feliz, Alan J. Bauman, Celina Amaya Sanchez, Tongyu C. Wikramanayake, Xiang-Xi Xu, Ralf Paus
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Dermatology
Sung-Jan Lin, Zhicao Yue, Ralf Paus
Summary: This article describes the clinical manifestation and pathobiology of radiotherapy-induced alopecia (RIA), emphasizing the importance of studying the principles of human organ and stem cell repair, regeneration, and loss. The article discusses the response of different hair follicle and extrafollicular cell populations to radiation, their roles in hair follicle repair and regeneration, and how they contribute to hair follicle miniaturization or even loss in persistent RIA. Finally, the article highlights the potential of targeting various pathways in future RIA management.
JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Ilaria Piccini, Jeremy Cheret, Moe Tsutsumi, Saito Sakaguchi, Leslie Ponce, Luis Almeida, Wolfgang Funk, Maximilian Kueckelhaus, Kentaro Kajiya, Ralf Paus, Marta Bertolini
Summary: Recent research has found that epidermal Merkel cells (MCs) not only have mechanotransduction function for light-touch sensory stimuli, but also are thermosensitive, suggesting a physiological role beyond mechanosensation. Functional olfactory receptors, specifically OR2AT4, were found to be expressed by epidermal MCs in healthy human skin, similar to neighboring keratinocytes. Stimulation of OR2AT4 by topical application of the synthetic odorant Sandalore significantly increased Piccolo protein expression in MCs, indicating increased vesicle trafficking and recycling, and reduced nerve growth factor (NGF) immunoreactivity within MCs, potentially suggesting increased neurotrophin release upon OR2AT4 activation. Further investigation is needed to explore whether these newly discovered properties of MCs are dysregulated in specific skin disorders and if they can be targeted therapeutically to maintain/promote skin health.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Dermatology
Max van Lessen, Andrei Mardaryev, David Broadley, Marta Bertolini, Janin Edelkamp, Maximilian Kueckelhaus, Wolfgang Funk, Tamas Biro, Ralf Paus
Summary: In this pilot study, scientists reported that healthy human skin of different age groups undergoes extremely accelerated ageing within only 3 days when organ-cultured in a defined serum-free medium. They found significant changes in ageing-associated biomarkers in the ex vivo phenotype and discovered that caffeine and 2,5-dimethylpyrazine have anti-ageing effects.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aviad Keren, Marta Bertolini, Yaniv Keren, Yehuda Ullmann, Ralf Paus, Amos Gilhar
Summary: Transplanting aged human skin onto young SCID/beige mice can rejuvenate the skin and improve aging-related biomarkers. The rejuvenation cascade is initiated by murine VEGF-A, which up-regulates VEGF-A expression/secretion within aged human skin. VEGF-A is identified as the first pharmacologically pliable master pathway for human organ rejuvenation in vivo.