Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Keisuke Watanabe, Hsin-Yu Wu, Jolly Xavier, Lovleen Tina Joshi, Frank Vollmer
Summary: On-chip silicon microcavity sensors have advantages in virus and biomolecule detection due to their compactness and enhanced light-matter interaction. This study proposes and demonstrates label-free single virus detection using silicon photonic crystal random cavities. The method does not require pre-fabricated defect cavities or optical couplers.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hashim Alhmoud, Daniel Brodoceanu, Roey Elnathan, Tobias Kraus, Nicolas H. Voelcker
Summary: Metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) offers control over size, shape, and porosity of porous silicon nanostructures in a single step, making them suitable as biomaterials. The simplicity and flexibility of MACE are advantages, but the complexity of reaction parameters and lack of a complete model hinder rational design. Current understanding of the MACE reaction mechanism still contains uncertainties.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Optics
Koji Takeda, Takuma Tsurugaya, Takuro Fujii, Akihiko Shinya, Yoshiho Maeda, Tai Tsuchizawa, Hidetaka Nishi, Masaya Notomi, Takaaki Kakitsuka, Shinji Matsuo
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of ultrashort-distance optical interconnects and demonstrates wafer-scale heterogeneous integration of LEAP lasers and Si waveguides through precise alignment, showcasing the coupling design between the two components. The LEAP lasers exhibit ultralow threshold current and direct modulation capability, enabling data transmission and eye diagram acquisition at high bit rates.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hashim Alhmoud, Daniel Brodoceanu, Roey Elnathan, Tobias Kraus, Nicolas H. Voelcker
Summary: Metal-assisted chemical etching (MACE) allows for control over size, shape, and porosity of porous silicon nanostructures in a single step, making them suitable for biomedical applications. While MACE offers flexibility and simplicity, challenges such as numerous related reaction parameters and lack of a full model of the etching mechanism hinder rational design of structures for biomedical requirements.
PROGRESS IN MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Muhamed A. Sewidan, Muhammad A. Othman, Mohamed A. Swillam
Summary: This paper presents the design of a simple photonic crystal fiber biosensor and uses Lumerical software to model a glucose sensor. The efficiency of the model is evaluated by calculating different sensing properties, such as birefringence, coupling length, and relative sensitivity, at various air-filling fractions. The principle of this PCF biosensor is to detect changes in the refractive index of glucose solutions of different concentrations.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Baptiste Moeglen Paget, Keertana Vinod Ram, Shuyan Zhang, Jayakumar Perumal, Sylvain Vedraine, Georges Humbert, Malini Olivo, U. S. Dinish
Summary: Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have unique light-guiding properties and have been widely studied for biomedical applications. PCF-based fluorescence sensors offer highly sensitive detection of biomolecules at low sample volumes. This review discusses recent advancements in fluorescence detection using different PCF configurations and compares them with conventional fluorescence methods. Prospective applications of PCF-based fluorescence sensing and their potential use as optofluidic biopsy needles for clinically relevant biomarker detection are also discussed.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhehan Yu, Shilei Zhu, Lihua Zhang, Seiichi Watanabe
Summary: We report a facile one-step method to fabricate mesoporous single crystal ellipsoidal TiO2 micro particles with oxygen vacancies. The synthesized TiO2 microparticles have anatase phase, meso pores, single crystal structure, and Ti (III) component. The e-TiO2 exhibits a bandgap of 2.4 eV, lower than typical anatase materials (3.2 eV). Compared to commercial P25-TiO2, our e-TiO2 shows better adsorption of Rhodamine B and high efficiency for its photodegradation under visible light illumination, with a kinetic constant four times higher than that of P25-TiO2.
Article
Optics
Kellen P. Arnold, Sami Halimi, Joshua A. Allen, Shuren Hu, Sharon M. Weiss
Summary: A split ring photonic crystal with a larger peak electric field energy density compared to traditional photonic crystals is reported. The tuning parameters of the split ring, including rotation angle and width, can modify the light confinement. The split ring photonic crystal is suitable for applications such as optical biosensing, optical trapping, and enhanced emission.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jackelyne L. M. Villanueva, Danilo. R. Huanca, Adhimar F. Oliveira
Summary: The use of protective treatments on photonic crystal structures can stabilize the optical response and reduce sensitivity loss.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS A-PHYSICAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alain Yuji Takabayashi, Hamed Sattari, Pierre Edinger, Peter Verheyen, Kristinn B. Gylfason, Wim Bogaerts, Niels Quack
Summary: This article introduces a broadband, compact, and low-loss Silicon Photonic MEMS switch based on a Single-Pole Double-Throw (SPDT) architecture, which can efficiently redirect optical signals to one of two output waveguides on a chip. The switch, with a compact footprint, high extinction ratio, low insertion loss, and fast response time, meets the integration requirements for large-scale reconfigurable Photonic Integrated Circuits.
JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Andrea Bonini, Angela Gilda Carota, Noemi Poma, Federico Maria Vivaldi, Denise Biagini, Daria Bottai, Alessio Lenzi, Arianna Tavanti, Fabio Di Francesco, Tommaso Lomonaco
Summary: Sepsis, a systemic inflammatory dysfunction associated with infectious diseases, is a significant health issue with increasing incidence globally. Traditional diagnostic techniques for sepsis management present challenges, making biosensing technologies a valuable alternative.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Essam Berikaa, Md Samiul Alam, Alireza Samani, Eslam El-Fiky, Yixiang Hu, Stephane Lessard, David V. Plant
Summary: In order to handle the increasingly large amount of data traffic, there is a continuous demand to expand the capacity of optical communication networks. Despite its limitations in electro-optic bandwidth and driving voltage requirements, silicon photonics (SiP) has significant potential as a platform for optical transceivers due to its compatibility with CMOS technology. This study presents the design and characterization of two single-segment C-band SiP in-phase quadrature modulators (IQM), and analyzes the tradeoffs in their transmission performance. The experiments demonstrate that the long IQM supports higher data transmission rates, reaching up to 413 Gbps over 80 km of standard single-mode fiber (SSMF) with all-electronic equalization and on a single polarization. By utilizing dual-polarization emulation and lookup table-based non-linear pre-distortion (NLPD), transmission rates of 827 Gbps and 800 Gbps are achieved for DP-32QAM and DP-16QAM, respectively, over 80 km of SSMF. Furthermore, a net transmission rate of 1 Tbps is achieved for DP-64QAM below the 25% overhead soft-decision (SD) FEC BER threshold of 5 x 10(-2), demonstrating the potential of SiP for next-generation 800G applications.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zheng Wang, Yan Cai, Haitao Jiang, Ziao Tian, Zengfeng Di
Summary: This article provides a comprehensive review on graphene-based silicon photonic devices and their applications in optical interconnects. Silicon photonics has the ability to integrate multiple core functions of optical interconnects into small-scale chips, offering cost-effective and scalable manufacturing capabilities. Graphene has emerged as a promising solution for traditional silicon photonics due to its exceptional electrical and optical properties, enabling pure phase modulation and ultrafast photodetection.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kang Wang, Ming Cheng, Haotian Shi, Linfeng Yu, Yi Zhang, Li Kai, Junqiang Sun
Summary: In this study, a suspended silicon microring with racetrack and spiral structure is designed and fabricated to exploit the resonantly enhanced stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) effect. By introducing the silicon ridge waveguide as a line defect, the designed photonic-phononic waveguide provides independent control on the optical and acoustic modes. The efficient forward SBS in the microrings is demonstrated and the characteristic Brillouin parameters are extracted. Moreover, a stronger inhomogeneous broadening effect is observed in the spiral microring due to structural variations.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Computer Science, Information Systems
Nazmi A. Mohammed, Omar E. Khedr, El-Sayed M. El-Rabaie, Ashraf A. M. Khalaf
Summary: This review summarizes recent advances in sensors based on photonic crystal technologies for biomedical sensing applications. The unique characteristics, measurement techniques, and biosensing properties of different photonic crystal structures are discussed in detail. The review also covers manufacturing and functionally relevant properties, such as design simplicity, compactness, and multi-wavelength operation. Finally, novel trends in this field are briefly introduced.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Duyen H. T. Nguyen, Robert H. Utama, Kristel C. Tjandra, Panthipa Suwannakot, Eric Y. Du, Maria Kavallaris, Richard D. Tilley, J. Justin Gooding
Summary: This study develops a synthetic hydrogel with ionic cross-linking to rapidly create hydrogels. The mechanical stiffness of the hydrogel can be tuned by varying the number of charged ionic groups, the length of the polymer arms, and the polymer concentration. It is demonstrated as an extracellular matrix mimic for 3D in vitro cell models.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Samuel V. Somerville, Peter B. O'Mara, Tania M. Benedetti, Soshan Cheong, Wolfgang Schuhmann, Richard D. Tilley, J. Justin Gooding
Summary: Enzymes with multiple active sites and control over the solution environment enable the formation of complex products from simple reactants. We mimic this concept using nanoparticles to facilitate the electro-chemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction. By altering the rate of CO2 delivery, the activity of the CO producing site, and the applied potential, we show that stable nanoparticles with lower CO formation activity can produce greater amounts of hydrocarbon products. This highlights the importance of the local solution environment and the stability of the catalyst in cascade reactions.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY C
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucy Gloag, Agus R. Poerwoprajitno, Soshan Cheong, Zeno R. Ramadhan, Tadafumi Adschiri, J. Justin Gooding, Richard D. Tilley
Summary: In this study, hierarchical nanostructures with nanosized gold cores and nickel branches were successfully synthesized. The dimensions and morphology of these 3D structures were controlled by tuning in each synthetic step. These materials, which have high surface area, high conductivity, and surfaces that can be chemically modified, are ideal electrocatalyst supports. Coating with nickel-iron oxyhydroxide further enhanced their activity and stability for oxygen evolution reaction. This work introduces a synthetic concept to produce a new type of high-performing electrocatalyst support.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Samuel V. V. Somerville, Qinyu Li, Johanna Wordsworth, Sina Jamali, Mohammad Reza Eskandarian, Richard D. D. Tilley, J. Justin Gooding
Summary: Nanozymes mimic the selectivity of enzymes by utilizing features such as control over the arrangement of atoms in the active site and the placement of the active site down a nanoconfined substrate channel. The implementation of enzyme-inspired features has shown improvements in both activity and selectivity of nanoparticles for various catalytic and sensing applications. Controlled active sites on metal nanoparticle surfaces can be achieved through changing the composition of the surface metal or immobilizing single atoms on a metal substrate. Molecular frameworks and unique diffusional environments further enhance selectivity, while nanoconfined substrate channels offer additional control over selectivity through modifying the solution environment and transport of reactants and products.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Danielle Bennett, Xueqian Chen, Gregory J. Walker, Sacha Stelzer-Braid, William D. Rawlinson, D. Brynn Hibbert, Richard D. Tilley, J. Justin Gooding
Summary: Plasmonic nanoparticles in dimer format are used for single molecule sensing, where the interaction with hairpin DNA leads to a shift in localized surface plasmon resonance. Spectroscopy may detect this shift, but point-of-care devices require a faster analysis method. By using dark-field imaging and digital analysis, the plasmonic resonance shift of thousands of dimer structures can be measured in minutes. The challenge is separating dimers from non-specifically bound clusters to achieve accurate results. The LAB-based classifier algorithm demonstrated the highest accuracy for this digital separation.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Correction
Chemistry, Analytical
Danielle Bennett, Xueqian Chen, Gregory J. Walker, Milad Mehdipour, Sacha Stelzer-Braid, William D. Rawlinson, D. Brynn Hibbert, Richard D. Tilley, J. Justin Gooding
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Analytical
Eric Bakker, Philippe Buhlmann, J. Justin Gooding, Robert E. Gyurcsanyi, Ernoe Pretsch
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Panthipa Suwannakot, Stephanie Nemec, Newton Gil Peres, Eric Y. Du, Kristopher A. Kilian, Katharina Gaus, Maria Kavallaris, J. Justin Gooding
Summary: Synthetic hydrogels are widely used to mimic the extracellular matrix (ECM) and the physical and biochemical cues observed in natural ECM proteins. Researchers have developed an electrostatically crosslinked PEG-based hydrogel system to create high-throughput 3D in vitro models of the cancer environment. This hydrogel system can be degraded by breaking the interaction between oppositely charged polymer chains.
ACS BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Ying Yang, Sanjun Fan, James A. Webb, Yuanqing Ma, Jesse Goyette, Xueqian Chen, Katharina Gaus, Richard D. Tilley, Justin Gooding
Summary: This study presents an electrochemical approach to reversible fluorescence switching of enhanced green fluorescent proteins (EGFP) on indium tin oxide coated glass. The method allows efficient switching between bright (ON) and dim (OFF) states at the single molecule level. The electrochemical fluorescence switching is fast, reversible, and can be incorporated into advanced fluorescence microscopy.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Daniel E. Hagness, Ying Yang, Richard D. Tilley, J. Justin Gooding
Summary: Affinity biosensors play a crucial role in various areas of human health, such as clinical diagnosis and pharmaceuticals, by utilizing specific binding between target analytes and biological ligands. Electrokinetic phenomena have been investigated as a viable option to improve the performance of affinity biosensors for higher sensitivity and lower detection limit.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Seyedyousef Arman, Vinicius R. R. Goncales, Ying Yang, Richard D. D. Tilley, Katharina Gaus, J. Justin Gooding
Summary: This study explores a dual optical and electrical biosensor based on cells, which provides insights into cellular events. The fabrication steps and electrical characterization of microelectrodes are described. Initial experiments show that the ability of indium tin oxide (ITO) to detect biological cells at the electrode-cell layer interface mainly depends on the size of the sensing area. The impact of conductivity on the real-time impedance signal during cell adhesion on different substrates is also explored.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
J. Justin Gooding, Jean-Francois Masson
Article
Cell Biology
Marina Ulanova, Lucy Gloag, Andre Bongers, Chul-Kyu Kim, Hong Thien Kim Duong, Ha Na Kim, John Justin Gooding, Richard D. Tilley, Joanna Biazik, Wei Wen, Perminder S. Sachdev, Nady Braidy, Alexander E. Kalyuzhny
Summary: Nanoparticle-based magnetic contrast agents have been developed for early non-invasive diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This study developed a biocompatible magnetic nanoparticle targeted to amyloid beta (A beta) plaques to enhance the sensitivity of T2-weighted MRI for imaging of amyloid pathology in AD. The nanoparticles showed no significant cytotoxicity and were able to bind to amyloid species. The study provides promising preliminary results for the development of a targeted non-invasive method for early AD diagnosis using contrast-enhanced MRI.
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Seyedyousef Arman, Richard D. Tilley, J. Justin Gooding
Summary: This article reviews the development of cellular impedance biosensors, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and the general principles and terms associated with the cell-electrode interface. This family of techniques provides real-time quantitative and sensitive information on cell responses to stimuli with high temporal resolution, and their applications in cell biology are illustrated with various examples. The current state of the field, its limitations, possible solutions, and the potential benefits of developing biosensors are discussed.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Carlos Hurtado, Simone Ciampi
Summary: This study investigates the underlying cause of surface wear during the operation of Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) and reveals that surface damage is mainly caused by high pressure rather than current density. The study also discovers a delay in the occurrence of output drop during operation, which partially explains why the deterioration of DC-TENG performance is often underestimated or not reported.
