期刊
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
卷 13, 期 12, 页码 1571-1591出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2014.966695
关键词
case-control; influenza; public health; test-negative study; vaccine effectiveness
类别
资金
- MedImmune Inc.
- Sanofi Pasteur
- Area of Excellence Scheme of the Hong Kong University Grants Committee [AoE/M-12/06]
- Harvard Center for Communicable Disease Dynamics from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences [U54 GM088558]
- Australian Government Department of Health
Background: The test-negative design is a variant of the case-control study being increasingly used to study influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE). In these studies, patients with influenza-like illness are tested for influenza. Vaccine coverage is compared between those testing positive versus those testing negative to estimate VE. Objectives: We reviewed features in the design, analysis and reporting of 85 published test-negative studies. Data sources: Studies were identified from PubMed, reference lists and email updates. Study eligibility: All studies using the test-negative design reporting end-of-season estimates were included. Study appraisal: Design features that may affect the validity and comparability of reported estimates were reviewed, including setting, study period, source population, case definition, exposure and outcome ascertainment and statistical model. Results: There was considerable variation in the analytic approach, with 68 unique statistical models identified among the studies. Conclusion: Harmonization of analytic approaches may improve the potential for pooling VE estimates.
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