Article
Oncology
Ariane Hallermayr, Verena Steinke-Lange, Holger Vogelsang, Markus Rentsch, Maike de Wit, Christopher Haberl, Elke Holinski-Feder, Julia M. A. Pickl
Summary: ctDNA analysis is a promising tool in liquid biopsy with the necessity of accurate cutoff determination for clinical interpretation and decision making. Validated cutoffs for BRAF p.V600E and KRAS p.G12/p.G13 assays in colorectal cancer enable accurate prediction of residual disease and tumor burden changes during therapy. The high potential of ctDNA for accurately predicting disease course was demonstrated by outperforming traditional biomarkers like CEA and cfDNA.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Sin-Ho Jung
Summary: Biomarkers are crucial in the development of personalized medicine, and clinical trials involving biomarkers require appropriate design and analysis to ensure accuracy and reliability of the results. This paper demonstrates the design and analysis of two cancer clinical trials, showing that the proposed methods perform well in controlling error rates and maintaining statistical power.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Serena Di Cosimo, Eliana La Rocca, Silva Ljevar, Maria Carmen De Santis, Marta Bini, Vera Cappelletti, Marta Valenti, Paolo Baili, Filippo G. de Braud, Secondo Folli, Gianfranco Scaperrotta, Chiara Volpi, Andrea Vingiani, Claudio Vernieri, Paolo Verderio, Rosalba Miceli, Giancarlo Pruneri
Summary: This study found that HER2-low breast cancer patients have poor treatment response after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and those without complete response have a dismal prognosis, especially when the primary tumor is hormone receptor-negative.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gian Marco Leone, Saverio Candido, Alessandro Lavoro, Silvia Vivarelli, Giuseppe Gattuso, Daniela Calina, Massimo Libra, Luca Falzone
Summary: Lung cancer is the second most diagnosed tumor with the highest mortality rate. Recent progress in the treatment of lung cancer includes targeted therapies and immunotherapy, which have been approved in clinical practice. This review discusses the current and ongoing clinical studies on targeted therapies and immune-checkpoint inhibitors for lung cancer, as well as the advantages and limitations of these new therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, the importance of human microbiota as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for lung cancer is analyzed. The future research milestones in personalized treatment for lung cancer are expected to consider the genetic landscape, immune background, and individual variables such as patient-specific gut microbial composition.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alessia Lena, Ursula Wilkenshoff, Sara Hadzibegovic, Jan Porthun, Lukas Roesnick, Ann-Kathrin Froehlich, Tanja Zeller, Mahir Karakas, Ulrich Keller, Johann Ahn, Lars Bullinger, Hanno Riess, Stuart D. Rosen, Alexander R. Lyon, Thomas F. Luescher, Matthias Totzeck, Tienush Rassaf, Daniel Burkhoff, Mandeep R. Mehra, Jeroen J. Bax, Javed Butler, Frank Edelmann, Wilhelm Haverkamp, Stefan D. Anker, Milton Packer, Andrew J. S. Coats, Stephan von Haehling, Ulf Landmesser, Markus S. Anker
Summary: This study found that cancer patients have cardiac wasting and decreased heart function. Low left ventricular mass is associated with poor functional status and increased all-cause mortality in cancer patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Ainhoa Madariaga, Rodrigo Sanchez-Bayona, Fernanda G. Herrera, Pedro T. Ramirez, Antonio Gonzalez Martin
Summary: Drug development plays a crucial role in improving outcomes for patients with gynecologic cancers. Clinical trials should measure whether new interventions result in clinically relevant improvements compared to standard care, using reproducible and appropriate endpoints. Overall survival and quality of life are the gold standards for measuring the benefits of new therapeutic strategies. Alternative endpoints, such as progression-free survival, provide early insights into the effects of new drugs but their correlation with overall survival or quality of life in gynecologic malignancies is unclear. Additionally, time-to-event endpoints like progression-free survival two and time to second subsequent treatment are valuable for assessing disease control in the longer term.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sarah C. Rutherford, Jun Yin, Levi Pederson, Gabriela Perez Burbano, Betsy LaPlant, Mazyar Shadman, Hongli Li, Michael L. LeBlanc, Vaishalee P. Kenkre, Fangxin Hong, Kristie A. Blum, Travis Dockter, Peter Martin, Sin-Ho Jung, Barbara Grant, Cara Rosenbaum, Chaitra Ujjani, Paul M. Barr, Joseph M. Unger, Bruce D. Cheson, Nancy L. Bartlett, Brad Kahl, Jonathan W. Friedberg, Sumithra J. Mandrekar, John P. Leonard
Summary: The study aimed to determine the value of bone marrow biopsies (BMB) in assessing response and predicting survival outcomes in follicular lymphoma (FL) patients. The results showed that BMB had little impact on treatment response in FL patients, with only 1-1.3% of patients showing BMB affecting response assessment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sylvie Rodrigues-Ferreira, Clara Nahmias
Summary: Breast cancer is a common malignancy among women worldwide, and different treatment options have significantly improved patient outcomes. However, further research on predictive biomarkers is needed to combat treatment resistance and identify the most suitable patients for personalized treatment, aiming to avoid unnecessary overtreatment.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pankaj Ahluwalia, Ravindra Kolhe, Gagandeep K. Gahlay
Summary: This review emphasizes composite prognostic scores from diverse resources with clinical utility in CRC, highlighting the importance of gene-expression based prognostic risk scores in improving the management of the disease.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-REVIEWS ON CANCER
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nazli Dizman, Luis Meza, Sumanta K. Pal
Summary: The multi-arm clinical trial discussed the results of testing a treatment strategy for bladder cancer that combines standard immunotherapy with biomarker assessment and targeted therapies to improve efficacy.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
Sandra Siegfried, Stephen Senn, Torsten Hothorn
Summary: The question of how to leverage individual patient data for designing more powerful clinical trials becomes increasingly important in the era of digitalization. Incorporating historical information in the design and analysis of future clinical trials can lead to smaller yet equally powerful studies. A study found that adjusting the analysis with respect to a prognostic score obtained from historical data can significantly reduce the required sample size.
BIOMETRICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Majid Sharifi, Qian Bai, Mohammad Mahdi Nejadi Babadaei, Farhan Chowdhury, Mahbub Hassan, Akbar Taghizadeh, Hossein Derakhshankhah, Suliman Khan, Anwarul Hasan, Mojtaba Falahati
Summary: Bioprinting technique enables the study of biological changes in response to pharmacological compounds, specifically in breast cancer tissue for personalized medicine. Challenges in reproducibility of 3D bioprinted breast cancer tissue are mainly due to uncertainty in scaffold materials and lack of printing methods. Future applications of bioprinted cancer models may facilitate rapid and precise drug screening in breast cancer research.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Gang Zhang, Yi Sun, Zheng-sheng Wu, Xing Huang
Summary: NLGN2 has been identified as a prognostic factor in breast cancer, with its high expression correlating to a favorable survival outcome. Overexpression of NLGN2 in breast cancer is associated with large tumor size, lymph node metastasis, late TNM stage, and high histological grade, potentially due to increased levels of immunomodulatory molecules. Furthermore, NLGN2 is predominantly localized in the mitochondria of breast cancer cells.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Matthias Scheffler, Marcel Wiesweg, Sebastian Michels, Lucia Nogova, Anna Kron, Thomas Herold, Andreas H. Scheel, Martin Metzenmacher, Wilfried E. Eberhardt, Henning Reis, Jana Fassunke, Kaid Darwiche, Clemens Aigner, Diana Schaufler, Richard Riedel, Rieke Fischer, Sophia Koleczko, Hans-Ulrich Schildhaus, Sabine Merkelbach-Bruse, Kurt W. Schmid, Reinhard Buettner, Juergen Wolf, Martin Schuler
Summary: Rebiopsies of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) during disease progression have a high rate of clinically relevant findings, which are important for patient treatment and prognosis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Karen Otte, Tobias Ellermeyer, Masahide Suzuki, Hanna M. Rohling, Ryota Kuroiwa, Graham Cooper, Sebastian Mansow-Model, Masahiro Mori, Hanna Zimmermann, Alexander U. Brandt, Friedemann Paul, Shigeki Hirano, Satoshi Kuwabara, Tanja Schmitz-Hubsch
Summary: This study found performance differences in a short set of six motor tests between healthy German and Japanese adults, particularly in body posture. Body height was identified as a significant factor affecting performance in short comfortable and maximum speed walks. Japanese adults demonstrated higher amplitude of body movement and faster transition speed compared to German adults.