Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Thuanny Borba Rios, Osmar Nascimento Silva, Camila Maurmann de Souza, Isabel Cristina Marques Fensterseifer, Angela Mehta, Octavio Luiz Franco
Summary: Bacterial resistance poses a global health threat due to decreased effectiveness of treatment. The search for strategies to control infections and suppress antimicrobial resistance is necessary. Combination therapy has been investigated in this study, which showed promising results in inhibiting bacterial growth and demonstrating the potential of combined therapy as an alternative strategy for pathogen control.
LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Tanzeel Zohra, Muhammad Numan, Aamer Ikram, Muhammad Salman, Tariq Khan, Misbahud Din, Ayesha Farooq, Afreenish Amir, Muhammad Ali
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is a growing silent pandemic, with multidrug-resistant strains threatening public health improvement and posing challenges in clinical practice. Understanding resistance mechanisms and developing new antimicrobial agents and alternative tools are crucial in combating this issue.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Roya Chegene Lorestani, Ali Shojaeian, Mosayeb Rostamian
Summary: In this study, the mechanisms of ChD resistance in ESKAPE bacteria were systematically reviewed. It was found that ESKAPE bacteria generally displayed tolerance or resistance to at least one ChD, with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii showing high resistance. Phenotypic changes and metabolic changes were observed in the bacteria after ChD addition. The frequency of resistance genes was also found to be associated with ChD resistance in ESKAPE bacteria.
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Giancarlo Perez-Lazo, Susan Abarca-Salazar, Renata Lovon, Rocio Rojas, Jose Ballena-Lopez, Adriana Morales-Moreno, Wilfredo Flores-Paredes, Berenice Arenas-Ramirez, Luis Ricardo Illescas
Summary: A descriptive study conducted in a Peruvian hospital found a significant correlation between the use of ceftazidime and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates, as well as a correlation between resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam and ciprofloxacin usage in Enterobacter spp. in the medical wards. Notably, there was a significant reduction in Pseudomonas aeruginosa resistance to piperacillin/tazobactam and amikacin in the ICU from 2015 to 2018. These findings highlight the importance of continuous support and assessment of antimicrobial stewardship strategies in hospitals.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Tehrim Motiwala, Qiniso Mthethwa, Ikechukwu Achilonu, Thandeka Khoza
Summary: Bacterial antibiotic resistance is a growing global concern, with an increase in multidrug resistant and extensively drug-resistant bacteria posing a severe health threat. This resistance is partly due to natural evolution, but largely attributed to antibiotic misuse and overuse. It is crucial to develop new drugs to combat the emergence of resistant pathogens. Various strategies, such as anti-virulence approach, antimicrobial peptides, and phage therapy, are employed to address bacterial antibiotic resistance. This review focuses on ESKAPE pathogens, which cause nosocomial infections and are able to escape antibiotic actions, and suggests caseinolytic proteins as potential therapeutic targets to combat these pathogens.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Petr Snetkov, Elizaveta Rogacheva, Arina Kremleva, Svetlana Morozkina, Mayya Uspenskaya, Liudmila Kraeva
Summary: Curcumin-loaded nanofibers based on hyaluronic acid have been found to exhibit high antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This research is important for the development of highly effective and low side-effect antibacterial drugs.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Sriram Kalpana, Wan-Ying Lin, Yu-Chiang Wang, Yiwen Fu, Amrutha Lakshmi, Hsin-Yao Wang
Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a pressing global pandemic. Rapid diagnostic assays can differentiate bacterial infections from other diseases, aiding antimicrobial stewardship, therapy optimization, and surveillance. Traditional methods often have longer turnaround times for definitive results. On the other hand, proteomic studies have advanced in qualitative and quantitative analysis, with reduced error rates due to the availability of diverse datasets. This review provides insights into state-of-the-art proteomic techniques for diagnosing antibiotic resistance in ESKAPE pathogens, with a future outlook for tackling the imminent pandemic.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Manuela Arbune, Gabriela Gurau, Elena Niculet, Alina Viorica Iancu, Gabriela Lupasteanu, Silvia Fotea, Mihaela Camelia Vasile, Alin Laurentiu Tatu
Summary: This study aimed at identifying the main antimicrobial resistance of ESKAPE pathogens in a Romanian infectious diseases hospital. The results showed high rates of multidrug resistance among these pathogens, with ESBL, MRSA, and CR being the main resistance mechanisms.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Cristian Rangel-Nunez, Inmaculada Molina-Pinilla, Cristina Ramirez-Trujillo, Adrian Suarez-Cruz, Samuel Bernal Martinez, Manuel Bueno-Martinez
Summary: Multidrug-resistant pathogenic bacteria pose a significant threat to public health. The synthesis of new linear cationic antibacterial polytriazoles has shown potential as a source of effective antibacterial compounds. By varying the size and nature of the side chains, the antimicrobial activity of these materials can be modulated. These polymers demonstrate high bactericidal activity against pathogens of the ESKAPE group and do not induce resistance in certain bacteria. Additionally, they disrupt the membrane of Escherichia coli, leading to depolarization and disruption.
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Nishigandha S. Mone, Sahil Syed, Palanisamy Ravichandiran, Surekha K. Satpute, A. Rhan Kim, Dong Jin Yoo
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance is a major global health threat. Naphthoquinones, derived from plants and chemicals, are effective against multidrug-resistant pathogens. This review emphasizes the structure-function relationships of naphthoquinones against multidrug-resistant pathogens and highlights their potential in combating antimicrobial resistance.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Zhaoyinqian Li, Jiaxin Yang, Siyi Liu, Zixuan Ding, Jingchen Hao, Yinhuan Ding, Zhangrui Zeng, Jinbo Liu
Summary: This study found a high prevalence of ESKAPE pathogens in burn patients, with key risk factors including total body surface area (TBSA) >30-50% and >50%, as well as parenteral nutrition. Vigilance, strict infection control measures, and management standardization of antimicrobial agents are essential for ESKAPE infection in burn patients.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ujjayani Saha, Rashmi Gondi, Amrita Patil, Sunil D. Saroj
Summary: ESKAPE pathogens have developed resistance to multiple antimicrobials, posing a serious threat to public health. The CRISPR-Cas system provides a novel method for managing antibiotic-resistant strains by programming specific Cas nucleases against bacterial genomic sequences. However, some pathogens acquire antibiotic resistance due to the presence of the CRISPR-Cas system.
MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jianming Li, Xiaojun Su, Jianyi Li, Wenrui Wu, Chenglin Wu, Penghao Guo, Kang Liao, Qian Fu, Jun Li, Longshan Liu, Changxi Wang
Summary: The microbial patterns in preservation fluid are associated with early infection-related events in kidney transplant recipients. The presence of ESKAPE pathogens or Candida species in the preservation fluid, as well as their antimicrobial resistance properties and non-preemptive antibiotic therapy, may increase the risk of infection.
Article
Immunology
Chinyere Aloke, Ikechukwu Achilonu
Summary: ESKAPE pathogens are the major cause of nosocomial infections worldwide. This review explores emerging alternative therapeutic strategies for treating these pathogens, including combination antibiotics, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), bacteriophage, and photodynamic therapies. The findings highlight the resistance mechanisms of ESKAPE pathogens and the limitations and future prospects of these therapeutic approaches.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tanshi Mehrotra, Dipasri Konar, Agila Kumari Pragasam, Shakti Kumar, Pradipta Jana, Prabhakar Babele, Deepjyoti Paul, Ayushi Purohit, Subhash Tanwar, Susmita Bakshi, Santanu Das, Jyoti Verma, Daizee Talukdar, Lekshmi Narendrakumar, Akanksha Kothidar, Sonali Porey Karmakar, Susmita Chaudhuri, Sujoy Pal, Kajal Jain, Chittur V. Srikanth, M. Jeeva Sankar, Krishnamohan Atmakuri, Ramesh Agarwal, Rajni Gaind, Mamatha Ballal, Nagamani Kammili, Rupak K. Bhadra, Thandavarayan Ramamurthy, G. Balakrish Nair, Bhabatosh Das
Summary: Microbes evolve rapidly through mutations and acquisition of mobile genetic elements (MGEs) associated with fitness traits like antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A multicentric study in India decoded genome sequences of bacterial pathogens causing sepsis, urinary tract infections, and respiratory infections. The study identified pathogen-specific AMR genes (ARGs) and MGEs, and differential abundance of resistance-associated proteins in the presence and absence of antibiotics, providing valuable insights for AMR diagnostics and antimicrobial therapy.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gianfranco Sanson, Amedeo De Nicolo, Verena Zerbato, Ludovica Segat, Raffaella Koncan, Stefano Di Bella, Jessica Cusato, Alessandra di Masi, Andrea Palermo, Pietro Caironi, Pierlanfranco D'Agaro, Roberto Luzzati, Antonio D'Avolio
Summary: This study aimed to assess the combined role of vitamin D and albumin serum levels as predictors of COVID-19 disease progression. The results showed that patients with low albumin and low vitamin D serum levels had a significantly increased risk of disease progression. The combined evaluation of these two factors can provide a simple prognostic tool for guiding clinical decisions.
IRISH JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Letter
Oncology
Luigi Principe, Gianfranco Sanson, Roberto Luzzati, Richard Aschbacher, Elisabetta Pagani, Francesco Luzzaro, Stefano Di Bella
Summary: This study analyzed the susceptibility of anaerobic strains to moxifloxacin from a multicenter research in Italy. The results showed that the resistance rates of Bacteroides spp. and other non-Bacteroides anaerobes to moxifloxacin varied when using different criteria. However, overall, an alarming increase in moxifloxacin resistance among anaerobes in Italy was observed.
JOURNAL OF CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Marina Kljakovic-Gaspic Batinjan, Tea Petrovic, Frano Vuckovic, Irzal Hadzibegovic, Barbara Radovani, Ivana Jurin, Lovorka Derek, Eva Huljev, Alemka Markotic, Ivica Luksic, Irena Trbojevic-Akmacic, Gordan Lauc, Ivan Gudelj, Rok Civljak
Summary: This study analyzed and compared the IgG glycosylation characteristics of patients with influenza, COVID-19, and healthy controls. The results showed significant decreases in IgG galactosylation, sialylation, and bisecting GlcNAc in deceased COVID-19 patients, while IgG fucosylation increased. Influenza patients and COVID-19 survivors had stable IgG glycosylation. The similarities in IgG glycosylation changes between COVID-19 survivors and influenza patients may indicate different immune responses to enveloped viruses.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Milo Gatti, Giacomo Fornaro, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea, Maddalena Giannella
Summary: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical efficacy of ceftazidime-avibactam in managing carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections in renal patients receiving recommended dosing adjustments. The study found that renal dosing adjustments of ceftazidime-avibactam may be associated with a higher risk of mortality in patients affected by carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative infections.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Cecilia Bonazzetti, Beatrice Tazza, Dino Gibertoni, Zeno Pasquini, Natascia Caroccia, Francesca Fani, Giacomo Fornaro, Renato Pascale, Matteo Rinaldi, Beatrice Miani, Chiara Gamberini, Maria Cristina Morelli, Mariarosa Tame, Marco Busutti, Giorgia Comai, Luciano Potena, Laura Borgese, Elena Salvaterra, Tiziana Lazzarotto, Luigia Scudeller, Pierluigi Viale, Maddalena Giannella
Summary: The relationship between antibody response (AbR) and breakthrough infection (BI) after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in 614 solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients was analyzed. Heart transplant recipients had the lowest probability of immunization and the highest probability of breakthrough infection. Non-high-level AbR and shorter time from transplantation were associated with breakthrough infection.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Editorial Material
Infectious Diseases
Cecilia Bonazzetti, Maddalena Giannella
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Guillaume Beraud, Laura Bouetard, Rok Civljak, Jocelyn Michon, Necla Tulek, Sophie Lejeune, Romain Millot, Aurelie Garchet-Beaudron, Maeva Lefebvre, Petar Velikov, Benjamin Festou, Sophie Abgrall, Ivan K. Lizatovic, Aurelie Boldolli, Huseyin Esmer, Sophie Blanchi, Gabrielle Froidevaux, Nikol Kapincheva, Jean-Francois Faucher, Mario Duvnjak, Elcin Afsar, Luka Svitek, Saliha Yarimoglu, Rafet Yarimoglu, Cecile Janssen, Olivier Epaulard
Summary: This study aimed to assess the association between vaccine status and the severity of Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection in hospitalized patients. The results showed that vaccination was associated with lower 28-day mortality, intensive care unit admission, and oxygen requirement. Additionally, compared to Delta infection, Omicron infection was associated with lower mortality, intensive care unit admission, and oxygen requirements.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Renato Pascale, Alice Toschi, Abdullah Tarik Aslan, Giulia Massaro, Angelo Maccaro, Davide Fabbricatore, Andrea Dell'Aquila, Marco Ripa, Mehmet Emirhan Isik, Yesim Uygun Kazmaz, Saverio Iacopino, Marta Camici, Francesco Perna, Karolina Akinosoglou, Arta Karruli, Matthaios Papadimitriou-Olivgeris, Bircan Kayaaslan, Yesim Aybar Bilir, Emin Evren Ozcan, Oguzhan Ekrem Turan, Muhammed Cihan Isik, Maria Teresa Perez-Rodriguez, Belen Loeches Yague, Alejandro Martin Quiros, Mesut Yilmaz, Sabine Petersdorf, Tom De Potter, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni, Murat Akova, Antonio Curnis, Dino Gibertoni, Igor Diemberger, Luigia Scudeller, Pierluigi Viale, Maddalena Giannella
Summary: This study investigated the risk factors and clinical characteristics of Gram-negative bacteria CIED infections. It found that obesity, a high number of comorbidities, and right subclavian vein implantation site were associated with an increased risk of GNB-CIED infection. Prompt therapeutic intervention guided by FDG PET/CT is suggested for patients with GNB-CIED infection due to the poorer outcome observed in this group.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Milo Gatti, Renato Pascale, Pier Giorgio Cojutti, Matteo Rinaldi, Simone Ambretti, Matteo Conti, Sara Tedeschi, Maddalena Giannella, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea
Summary: This study retrospectively assessed the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic behavior of continuous infusion ceftazidime-avibactam and its microbiological outcome in critically ill renal patients. The results showed that continuous infusion achieved optimal PK/PD targets of ceftazidime-avibactam in most patients and helped minimize the risk of microbiological failure. The study also evaluated the relationship between PK/PD targets and microbiological outcome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Milo Gatti, Pierluigi Viale, Pier Giorgio Cojutti, Eleonora Zamparini, Massimiliano De Paolis, Maddalena Giannella, Federico Pea, Sara Tedeschi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the maintenance of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) dalbavancin efficacy thresholds and clinical outcomes. The results showed that maintaining the PK/PD efficacy thresholds of dalbavancin for the majority of the treatment period may be a valuable approach in dealing with long-term staphylococcal infections.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marta Fogolari, Bruno Daniele Leoni, Marina De Cesaris, Rita Italiano, Flavio Davini, Ginevra Azzurra Miccoli, Daniele Donati, Luigi Clerico, Andrea Stanziale, Giovanni Savini, Nicola Petrosillo, Massimo Ciccozzi, Lorenzo Sommella, Elisabetta Riva, Paolo Fazii, Silvia Angeletti
Summary: This study evaluated the neutralizing response to Beta and Omicron variants following SARS-CoV-2 vaccination using a new commercial automated assay and compared it to the gold standard. The results showed that IgG levels decreased during the first ninety days after the vaccine second dose, but significantly increased after the booster dose. There was a correlation between IgG expression and neutralizing activity modulation, with a greater quantity of IgG antibodies needed to neutralize the Omicron variant compared to the Beta variant. The study suggests the usefulness of the PETIA assay for managing SARS-CoV2 infection.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Luis Felipe Reyes, Saad Nseir, Otavio Ranzani, Pedro Povoa, Emili Diaz, Marcus J. Schultz, Alejandro H. Rodriguez, Cristian C. Serrano-Mayorga, Gennaro De Pascale, Paolo Navalesi, Mauro Panigada, Luis Miguel Coelho, Szymon Skoczynski, Mariano Esperatti, Andrea Cortegiani, Stefano Aliberti, Anselmo Caricato, Helmut J. F. Salzer, Adrian Ceccato, Rok Civljak, Paolo Maurizio Soave, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Pervin Korkmaz Ekren, Fernando Rios, Joan Ramon Masclans, Judith Marin, Silvia Iglesias-Moles, Stefano Nava, Davide Chiumello, Lieuwe D. Bos, Antoni Artigas, Filipe Froes, David Grimaldi, Fabio Silvio Taccone, Massimo Antonelli, Antoni Torres
Summary: This study aimed to report the clinical characteristics, microbiology, and clinical outcomes of ICU-admitted patients with nosocomial lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI). The study found that patients with ventilator-associated hospital-acquired pneumonia (VHAP) had the highest mortality rates, and multidrug-resistant pathogens were frequently the cause of the nosocomial LRTI in this multinational cohort study.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Milo Gatti, Matteo Rinaldi, Paolo Gaibani, Antonio Siniscalchi, Tommaso Tonetti, Maddalena Giannella, Pierluigi Viale, Federico Pea
Summary: This study aimed to explore the pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profile of continuous infusion (CI) ceftazidime-avibactam for treating difficult-to-treat resistant Gram-negative (DTR-GN) infections in critical patients undergoing continuous venovenous haemodiafiltration (CVVHDF). Patients treated with CI ceftazidime-avibactam for DTR-GN infections during CVVHDF were retrospectively assessed. The joint PK/PD target of ceftazidime-avibactam was defined as optimal when both fCss/MIC >= 4 for ceftazidime and fCss/CT > 1 for avibactam were achieved. The relationship between ceftazidime-avibactam PK/PD targets and microbiological outcome was assessed.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Elena Imperia, Liliana Bazzani, Fabio Scarpa, Alessandra Borsetti, Nicola Petrosillo, Marta Giovanetti, Massimo Ciccozzi
Summary: Avian influenza virus poses a significant challenge to poultry production and has negative impacts on the global economy and public health. When the virus is circulating in poultry, there is a risk of sporadic human infections through exposure to infected poultry or contaminated environments. The effectiveness of countermeasures, including vaccines and antiviral treatments, is often debated due to resistance to antivirals and the relatively low efficiency of influenza vaccines.
MICROBIOLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Fabio Scarpa, Elena Imperia, Alessandra Ciccozzi, Stefano Pascarella, Miriana Quaranta, Marta Giovanetti, Alessandra Borsetti, Nicola Petrosillo, Massimo Ciccozzi
Summary: Bats are natural reservoirs of coronaviruses, including the viruses that caused the SARS outbreak in 2002 and the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019. Two new Sarbecoviruses were discovered in bats in Russia in late 2020, but they are currently not believed to be dangerous or likely to cause spillover events. They have weak interactions with ACE2 and lack furin cleavage sites. This research highlights the importance of assessing the zoonotic potential of batborne coronaviruses to prevent future spillover events.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE REPORTS
(2023)
