Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ciaran N. Kohli-Lynch, Brandon K. Bellows, Yiyi Zhang, Bonnie Spring, Dhruv S. Kazi, Mark J. Pletcher, Eric Vittinghoff, Norrina B. Allen, Andrew E. Moran
Summary: The study revealed that around 27% of ASCVD-free young adults in the United States have LDL-C levels >_130 mg/dL, and 9% have LDL-C >_160 mg/dL. Using statins or lifestyle interventions for lipid-lowering can prevent ASCVD events and increase QALYs compared to standard care.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sonia Sawant, Nelson Wang
Summary: This study found that lipid-lowering therapy (LLT) has similar cardiovascular event reduction effects across different ethnicities and regions, highlighting the importance of promoting LLT in at-risk populations.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lufan Sun, Anna Wolska, Marcelo Amar, Rafael Zubiran, Alan T. Remaley
Summary: This article introduces the lipid-lowering therapy of statins in the prevention of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but their effectiveness in lowering LDL-C can vary significantly between individuals. The different causes of a suboptimal statin response are described, and an algorithm for the diagnosis and clinical management of these patients is provided.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Deligiorgi, Mihalis Panayiotidis, Gerasimos Siasos, Dimitrios T. Trafalis
Summary: The review focuses on the integration of Osteoporosis (OP) and Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) termed as the calcification paradox, with a particular emphasis on the potential role of Osteoprotegerin (OPG) as a missing link. However, the ambiguous role of OPG in CVD hinders the confirmation of this hypothesis, leading to the need for further research. Additionally, the dual role of statins in both cardioprotection and osteoprotection could provide insights into the interconnectedness of OP and CVD, but the inconsistency in the osteoprotective role of statins requires further investigation.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mahmoud Al Rifai, Roger S. Blumenthal, Neil J. Stone, Richard S. Scho, Carl Edward Orringer, Erin D. Michos, Paul A. Heidenreich, Lynne Braun, Kim K. Birtcher, Sidney C. Smith, Vijay Nambi, Scott Grundy, Salim S. Virani
Summary: This review compares the cholesterol guidelines of two major American organizations and reviews the evidence base used to generate recommendations focusing on 4 themes. The different conclusions reached by the two organizations on key issues are discussed.
PROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kartik Gupta, Tanya S. Kakar, Vardhmaan Jain, Mohak Gupta, Mahmoud Al Rifai, Leandro Slipczuk, Vijay Nambi, Vera Bittner, Roger S. Blumenthal, Neil J. Stone, Carl J. Lavie, Salim S. Virani
Summary: The United States Preventive Services Taskforce (USPSTF) has recently released recommendations for statin therapy for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease. According to these recommendations, approximately 31.8% of US adults would be eligible for statin therapy. This is a smaller proportion compared to the previously published 2018 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Multisociety Cholesterol guidelines.
PROGRESS IN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuanbojiao Zuo, Chen Zhang, Yuan Zhou, Haiwen Li, Weidong Xiao, Roland W. Herzog, Jie Xu, Jifeng Zhang, Y. Eugene Chen, Renzhi Han
Summary: This study developed a liver-targeted gene editing therapy to lower blood lipid levels. Using adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery, a premature stop codon was inserted into the Angptl3 gene of mice using a cytosine base editor (CBE). This resulted in a near-complete knockout of the ANGPTL3 protein in circulation and a significant reduction in triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in the serum after 4 weeks.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saeed Aslani, Bahman Razi, Danyal Imani, Keyhan Mohammadi, Tannaz Jamialahmadi, Zeljko Reiner, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: A systematic review and meta-analysis showed that statin therapy effectively lowered levels of total cholesterol, LDL-C, and TG, and increased levels of HDL-C in patients with different CVDs.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kate N. O'Neill, Emily Aubrey, Laura D. Howe, Evie Stergiakouli, Santiago Rodriguez, Patricia M. Kearney, Linda M. O'Keeffe
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between common European mitochondrial DNA haplogroups (H, U, J, T, K, V, W, I, and X) and cardiometabolic risk factors. The results showed that, except for haplogroups V and X in females, there was no significant association between other haplogroups and risk factors.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Bagherniya, Thomas P. Johnston, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: This paper reviewed the effect of bioactive natural compounds on plasma Apo B concentrations, concluding that medicinal plants and nutraceuticals can generally be used as complementary medicine to reduce plasma Apo B levels in a safe, accessible, and inexpensive manner in an attempt to prevent and treat cardiovascular disease.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yvette L. Schooneveldt, Corey Giles, Michael F. Keating, Natalie A. Mellett, Aaron W. Jurrjens, Sudip Paul, Anna C. Calkin, Peter J. Meikle
Summary: The study found that altering cholesterol conditions affects the lipidome of liver cells, including increased levels of lipids containing arachidonic acid and decreases in phosphatidylinositol species. The PI(36:2)/PC(18:0_20:4) ratio responds to changes in intracellular cholesterol abundance, likely through a flux of the n-6 fatty acid pathway and altered phosphatidylinositol synthesis.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Georgia Anastasiou, Eftihia Sakka, Efi Blathra, Anna Kalivi, Moses Elisaf, George Liamis, Evangelos Liberopoulos
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed patients with Lp(a) levels >= 30 mg/dL at the University of Ioannina Hospital Lipid Clinic, revealing a significant proportion of patients with cardiovascular diseases, familial hypercholesterolemia, and positive family history of early ASCVD. Lipid-lowering therapy was effective in reducing LDL-C levels in different patient groups.
ARCHIVES OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Antonio J. Vallejo-Vaz, Chris J. Packard, Brian A. Ference, Raul D. Santos, John J. P. Kastelein, Evan A. Stein, Alberico L. Catapano, Terje R. Pedersen, Gerald F. Watts, Kausik K. Ray
Summary: The study found that lowering LDL-C in hypercholesterolemic CAD patients significantly reduces mortality and major coronary events, with individuals with the FH phenotype possibly deriving greater clinical benefits from simvastatin.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jackie Bosch, Eva M. Lonn, Hyejung Jung, Jun Zhu, Lisheng Liu, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Prem Pais, Denis Xavier, Rafael Diaz, Gilles Dagenais, Antonio Dans, Alvaro Avezum, Leopoldo S. Piegas, Alexander Parkhomenko, Kati Keltai, Matyas Keltai, Karen Sliwa, Claus Held, Ronald J. G. Peters, Basil S. Lewis, Petr Jansky, Khalid Yusoff, Kamlesh Khunti, William D. Toff, Christopher M. Reid, John Varigos, Philip Joseph, Lawrence A. Leiter, Salim Yusuf
Summary: Rosuvastatin significantly reduced major adverse cardiovascular events in participants with intermediate cardiovascular risk compared to placebo. The benefits of rosuvastatin continued to increase during post-trial observation period, while blood pressure lowering did not affect the overall study outcomes.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jackie Bosch, Eva M. Lonn, Hyejung Jung, Jun Zhu, Lisheng Liu, Patricio Lopez-Jaramillo, Prem Pais, Denis Xavier, Rafael Diaz, Gilles Dagenais, Antonio Dans, Alvaro Avezum, Leopoldo S. Piegas, Alexander Parkhomenko, Kati Keltai, Matyas Keltai, Karen Sliwa, Claus Held, Ronald J. G. Peters, Basil S. Lewis, Petr Jansky, Khalid Yusoff, Kamlesh Khunti, William D. Toff, Christopher M. Reid, John Varigos, Philip Joseph, Lawrence A. Leiter, Salim Yusuf
Summary: Rosuvastatin (10 mg daily) reduced major adverse cardiovascular events by 24% compared to placebo in participants at intermediate cardiovascular risk. The benefits of rosuvastatin continued to accrue for at least 3 years after cessation of treatment, indicating a legacy effect.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)