Article
Genetics & Heredity
Ahmet Muderrisoglu, Elif Babaoglu, Elif Tugce Korkmaz, Said Kalkisim, Erdem Karabulut, Salih Emri, Melih O. Babaoglu
Summary: In this study, smoking cessation treatment with varenicline was significantly more effective than treatments with nicotine replacement therapy or bupropion in Turkish subjects. Regardless of carrying wild-type or variant alleles, subjects with human nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunits alpha 3, alpha 4, and alpha 5 showed similar clinical outcomes and smoker/non-smoker status in response to pharmacological treatments.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Melissa A. Tapia, Xiao-Tao Jin, Brenton R. Tucker, Leanne N. Thomas, Noah B. Walker, Veronica J. Kim, Steven E. Albertson, Naresh Damuka, Ivan Krizan, Seby Edassery, Jeffrey N. Savas, Kiran Kumar Solingapuram Sai, Sara R. Jones, Ryan M. Drenan
Summary: This study investigated the behavior and neurobiological effects of intermittent nicotine intake in rats. The results suggest that intermittent nicotine intake may lead to increased craving and enhanced response to nicotine-associated cues. Additionally, intermittent nicotine intake also caused increased nicotine binding in the brain and specific changes in the proteome of certain neural structures.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiao-Tao Jin, Ryan M. Drenan
Summary: The interpeduncular nucleus (IPN) is involved in nicotine dependence and regulation of fear responses, affective states, and novelty processing. Neurons in the IPN express nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) and receive cholinergic innervation. Studies have shown that IPL neurons express Chrna7 (alpha 7 nAChR subunit) and are sensitive to acetylcholine (ACh) stimulation. These findings contribute to a better understanding of cholinergic modulation in the IPN.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Yukihiro Noda, Koki Soeda, Mizuki Uchida, Sakika Goto, Takahiro Ito, Shinji Kitagaki, Takayoshi Mamiya, Akira Yoshimi, Norio Ozaki, Akihiro Mouri
Summary: The habitual smoking in patients with schizophrenia may be attributed to therapeutic effects and reduced side effects mediated by activation of α7 and α4β2 nAChR by (-)-nicotine.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Britta Hahn, Alexander N. Harvey, Marta Concheiro-Guisan, Marilyn A. Huestis, Thomas J. Ross, Elliot A. Stein
Summary: This study found that nAChR antagonist can weaken task-induced deactivation of the DMN, indicating that the constant activation tone of nAChR typically helps regulate DMN activity in healthy individuals. This implies that low nAChR tone may play a causal role in DMN dysregulation seen in conditions such as mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Alana M. Rojewski, Lisa M. Fucito, Nathaniel L. Baker, Suchitra Krishnan-Sarin, Matthew J. Carpenter, Steven L. Bernstein, Benjamin A. Toll
Summary: This study evaluated a pilot preoperative contingency management intervention for smoking abstinence in 40 cancer patients. The results showed that providing monetary incentives contingent on abstinence significantly improved smoking abstinence rates on the day of surgery and at 3-month follow-up compared to standard care plus monitoring only.
NICOTINE & TOBACCO RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hilary A. Tindle, Matthew S. Freiberg, Debbie M. Cheng, Natalia Gnatienko, Elena Blokhina, Tatiana Yaroslavtseva, Sally Bendiks, Gregory Patts, Judith Hahn, Kaku So-Armah, Michael D. Stein, Kendall Bryant, Dmitry Lioznov, Evgeny Krupitsky, Jeffrey H. Samet
Summary: This study found that varenicline and cytisine were not more effective than nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) in treating risky drinking and smoking among individuals with HIV, but behavior change rates were high in all groups.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Omar Alijevic, Oihane Jaka, Ainhoa Alzualde, Diana Maradze, Wenhao Xia, Stefan Frentzel, Andrew N. Gifford, Manuel C. Peitsch, Julia Hoeng, Kyoko Koshibu
Summary: This study examined the neuropharmacological effects of natural alkaloids, including nicotine, cotinine, and anatabine. Nicotine showed anxiolytic-like behavioral effects in mice and zebrafish, while cotinine and anatabine had no detectable effects. Nicotine stimulated the release of norepinephrine and dopamine, while cotinine and anatabine mainly stimulated dopamine release. These findings suggest that natural nicotine alkaloids can induce an anxiolytic-like behavior in nonclinical animal models, which may depend on the activation of various nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and regulation of neurotransmitter systems.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Oh Beom Kwon, Chihoon Jung, Auk Kim, Gihwan Byeon, Seung-Joon Lee, Woo Jin Kim
Summary: Smoking is a major cause of diseases and death, and nicotine addiction makes quitting challenging. Medical interventions can effectively help smokers quit. This study compares the characteristics of patients who visited a smoking cessation clinic once with those who visited multiple times, in order to identify factors associated with repeat clinic visits.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Janna K. Moen, Anna M. Lee
Summary: Alcohol and nicotine, the two most widely used and misused drugs globally, show significant sex differences in their rewarding properties, yet most preclinical studies on their mechanisms utilize only male rodents. Understanding the influence of sex and sex hormones on alcohol and nicotine reward is crucial for developing therapies to reduce drug consumption.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Anne Havermans, Edwin P. Zwart, Hans W. J. M. Cremers, Maarten D. M. van Schijndel, Romy S. Constant, Maja Meskovic, Laura X. Worutowicz, Jeroen L. A. Pennings, Reinskje Talhout, Leo T. M. van der Ven, Harm J. Heusinkveld
Summary: Tobacco use is the main cause of preventable death globally, with nicotine being the primary addictive compound. The zebrafish embryo has shown to be an effective model for studying the effects of nicotine, where acute nicotine exposure decreased ZFE activity in a dose-dependent manner. Pre-treatment with nicotine can reverse this effect and may lead to decreased potency of acute nicotine exposure, indicating the induction of tolerance.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Xiaoying Tan, Kent Vrana, Zheng-Ming Ding
Summary: This review summarizes the potential role of cotinine as a neuroactive metabolite of nicotine and discusses the available evidence regarding its effects. Preclinical findings show that cotinine interacts with both nAChRs and non-nAChRs in the nervous system, producing neuropharmacological and behavioral effects. Clinical studies suggest that cotinine is psychoactive in humans, but there is a lack of consensus on the mechanisms underlying its effects. Further research is needed to provide a better understanding of cotinine's actions and its contribution to tobacco addiction.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Young-Eun Kim, Jae-Hyun Lee, Eun-Ju Lee, Do Hoon Kim, Mi Ryeong Jeong, Seokchan Hong, Chang-Keun Lee, Bin Yoo, Jeehee Youn, Eun-Ju Chang, Yong-Gil Kim
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of smoking on immune cells and peripheral arthritis in curdlan-administered SKG mice, a murine model of spondyloarthropathy (SpA). The results showed an increase in alpha 7 nAChR+ cells in the joint tissue of the mice exposed to cigarette smoke, as well as lower peripheral arthritis and synovial inflammation scores. This suggests that smoking may have an anti-arthritic effect in curdlan-administered SKG mice.
Article
Biology
Yusei Makino, Yuuki Hiradate, Kohei Umezu, Kenshiro Hara, Kentaro Tanemura
Summary: The study revealed the localization of AChRe in murine testes and spermatozoa, and suggested that AChRe may act as a regulator of mammalian sperm AR.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arthur Cardoso Souto, Matheus Heidemann Tempone, Lyslie Azeredo Coutinho Goncalves, Vladimir Pedro Peralva Borges-Martins, Maria Carolina Peixoto-Rodrigues, Ana Clara Oliveira Damascena, Gabriel Ferraz, Alex Christian Manhaes, Newton Goncalves Castro, Ricardo Augusto de Melo Reis, Ana Lucia Marques Ventura, Regina Celia Cussa Kubrusly
Summary: Nicotine influences the development of avian embryo retina by reducing GABA uptake and increasing release through NMDAR and PKC pathways, as well as promoting calcium influx.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2023)