Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Jesus Friedli, Nibaldo C. Inestrosa
Summary: The neuroprotective effects of HupA on AD were summarized, focusing on its interactions with different molecular signaling avenues such as Wnt signaling, synaptic region mechanisms, amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing, amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) accumulation, and mitochondrial protection.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Junghee Ha, Nak-Hoon Son, Young Ho Park, Eun Lee, Eosu Kim, Woo Jung Kim
Summary: This study investigated the risk of incident seizure following cholinesterase inhibitor use in patients with dementia. The results showed no immediate increase in seizure risk associated with cholinesterase inhibitor use, although the risk of seizure did increase after one year of continued medication intake in patients with dementia. Further studies are needed to confirm the safety of cognitive enhancers in relation to seizures in dementia patients.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Osvaldo P. Almeida, Christopher Etherton-Beer, Frank Sanfilippo, David B. Preen, Amy Page
Summary: The use of antineoplastic medications has been found to be associated with a decreased risk of dementia, which may contribute to the development of novel approaches for dementia prevention.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Aftab Alam, Gowhar Ali, Asif Nawaz, Taghrid S. AlOmar, Abdur Rauf, Muhammad Ayaz, Sajjad Ahmad, Najla Almasoud, Abdulaziz S. AlOmar, Anees Ahmed Khalil, Polrat Wilairatana
Summary: This study evaluated the neuroprotective effect of a novel therapeutic agent called Diospyrin for Alzheimer's disease. In-vitro and in-vivo experiments showed that Diospyrin effectively inhibited acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activity, and possessed strong antioxidant properties. Additionally, Diospyrin treatment improved memory and motor functionality in animal models. Computational analysis also demonstrated the high binding affinities of Diospyrin for the enzymes. Overall, Diospyrin shows promise as a valuable drug candidate for managing neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Y. Mukish Yelanchezian, Henry J. Waldvogel, Richard L. M. Faull, Andrea Kwakowsky
Summary: This review summarizes the research on the effects of caffeine on Alzheimer's disease (AD) and cognition. Clinical studies suggest a neuroprotective effect of caffeine against dementia and possibly AD, but further research is needed for confirmation. Caffeine is considered a cognitive normalizer rather than an enhancer, and its neuroprotective effect may be influenced by gender. In vivo and in vitro studies provide robust evidence of caffeine's neuroprotective properties in AD animal models.
Article
Neurosciences
Maria Lazarova, Lyubka Tancheva, Albena Alexandrova, Elina Tsvetanova, Almira Georgieva, Miroslava Stefanova, Daniela Tsekova, Lyubomir Vezenkov, Reni Kalfin, Diamara Uzunova, Polina Petkova-Kirova
Summary: This study evaluated four newly synthesized galantamine derivatives for their beneficial effects in a mouse model of dementia, with results showing that three of them, especially Gal 46, significantly improved both short- and long-term memory and exploratory activity. While Gal 34 did not show as convincing behavioral effects as the other three derivatives, it demonstrated persuasive antioxidant and restorative capacities, making all four derivatives promising AD treatment agents and prompting further research.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Rinky Raghuvanshi, Vijay K. Nuthakki, Lovedeep Singh, Bikarma Singh, Sonali S. Bharate, Rajbir Bhatti, Sandip B. Bharate
Summary: The study identified Woodfordia fruticosa as a potential candidate for treating Alzheimer's disease, with significant inhibition of AChE, BChE, and BACE-1 enzymes. In-vivo experiments showed memory-enhancing effects in mice models, indicating the potential for further preclinical development as a botanical drug for dementia/AD.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Toru Baba, Atsushi Takeda, Aya Murakami, Tadashi Koga, Tatsuya Isomura, Etsuro Mori, D. A. S. H. P. D. Sty Grp
Summary: Administration of donepezil to patients with severe hyposmia in the early stage may be beneficial for cognitive function but has no effect on the incidence of dementia.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karolina Wojtunik-Kulesza, Tomasz Oniszczuk, Jaroslaw Moldoch, Iwona Kowalska, Jaroslaw Szponar, Anna Oniszczuk
Summary: Neurodegenerative disorders, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD), involve irreversible degeneration of the central nervous system. AD, the most common neurodegenerative disorder, lacks effective treatment options. Plant-based natural products are being explored for their neuroprotective activities and minimal side effects. This review highlights the anti-AD properties of various natural plant substances and their mechanisms of action, with the aim of discovering potent AD medicines with fewer side effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Qian Guo, Gang Wu, Fang Huang, Zhen Wei, Jian-Zhi Wang, Bin Zhang, Rong Liu, Yang Yang, Xiaochuan Wang, Hong-Lian Li
Summary: 2JY-OBZ4 showed promising therapeutic effects in AD cell models through regulating multiple targets and had no adverse effects on cell viability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alaa Sirwi, Nesrine S. El Sayed, Hossam M. Abdallah, Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim, Gamal A. Mohamed, Ali M. El-Halawany, Martin K. Safo, Nora O. Abdel Rasheed
Summary: This study investigated the neuroprotective effects of the methoxy flavonoid umuhengerin in an STZ-induced SAD mouse model, showing that umuhengerin attenuated neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, increased Nrf2 expression, and decreased NF-Kβp65 expression. These results suggest that umuhengerin may be a potential therapy for Alzheimer's disease.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mohammad Adi Mohammad Fadzil, Suraiami Mustar, Aswir Abd Rashed
Summary: As the global population ages, there is increasing interest in the neuroprotective properties of honey in managing neurodegenerative diseases that primarily affect the elderly. This review explores the effectiveness of honey as a neuroprotective agent through in vitro, in vivo, and clinical research. The study identified the Tualang and Thyme honey as the most promising in terms of antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticholinesterase activity, suggesting their potential use in the prevention and management of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. While considerable evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies supports the anti-neurodegenerative properties of honey, further clinical intervention studies are needed for stronger validation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zofia Chrienova, Eugenie Nepovimova, Rudolf Andrys, Rafael Dolezal, Jana Janockova, Lubica Muckova, Lenka Fabova, Ondrej Soukup, Patrik Oleksak, Martin Valis, Jan Korabecny, Jose Marco-Contelles, Kamil Kuca
Summary: Twenty-four novel compounds with tetrahydroacridine and N-propargyl moieties were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their anti-cholinesterase and anti-monoamine oxidase activities in vitro. Compounds 7, 15, 20, 21, 23, and 25 exhibited the most balanced pharmacological profile, with compound 15 identified as a permeable agent with promising therapeutic potential.
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ruth Edwige Kemadjou Dibacto, Bruno Dupon Akamba Ambamba, Fils Armand Ella, Christine Fernande Biyegue Nyangono, Jules Vidal Kamga Nanhah, Martin Fonkoua, Rene Samuel Minka, Judith Laure Ngondi
Summary: Xylopia parviflora has shown potential in improving biochemical alterations associated with Alzheimer's disease, enhancing memory and locomotion, improving cholinesterase activities and maintaining ion homeostasis.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Nora Balazs, Daniel Bereczki, Andras Ajtay, Ferenc Oberfrank, Tibor Kovacs
Summary: Only 14.5% of diagnosed dementia patients in Eastern Europe were treated with ChEis, but those who received treatment had significantly longer survival, especially those using rivastigmine patch. Choosing the appropriate medication as soon as possible after a dementia diagnosis may lead to increased life expectancy.
