Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Dan J. Stein
Summary: Recent network meta-analyses suggest that pharmacotherapy is effective in treating patients with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors are recommended as first-line treatments, with alternative options available for patients with severe GAD or inadequate response to the standard medications.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
David Mongan, Subash Raj Susai, Melanie Focking, Jonah F. Byrne, Stan Zammit, Mary Cannon, David R. Cotter
Summary: This study found associations between mental disorders and chronic inflammatory markers, particularly soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), in young adults aged 24. The study also confirmed associations between inflammatory markers and psychiatric co-morbidity.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Qiang Su, Tian Li, Guo-Wei Liu, Yan-Li Zhang, Jun-Hong Guo, Zhao-Jun Wang, Mei-Na Wu, Jin-Shun Qi
Summary: Agomelatine is a medication used to treat major depressive episodes in adults by acting as a selective agonist of melatonin receptor 1A/melatonin receptor 1B and antagonist of 5-hydroxytryptamine 2C receptors. It reconstructs sleep-wake rhythms and normalizes circadian disturbances, as well as enhances the release of dopamine and noradrenaline, reducing depression and anxiety disorder. The combination of these effects makes agomelatine unique in the treatment of depression, anxiety, and circadian rhythm disorders.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David Groves, Theodora Binasis, Bethany Wootton, Karen Moses
Summary: The Generalised Anxiety Disorder Dimensional Scale is a new measure designed to assess generalised anxiety disorder in the Australian population. The study aimed to test its psychometric properties using a sample of 293 Australians. The scale showed good reliability, validity, and appears to be a useful tool for measuring generalised anxiety disorder symptoms.
Article
Psychiatry
Barbara Stawinska-Witoszynska, Katarzyna Czechowska, Waclaw Moryson, Barbara Wieckowska
Summary: This study analyzed the prevalence of generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) among inmates in a large prison unit in northeastern Poland, finding that 6.9% of prisoners had GAD, with the highest prevalence among men aged 30-39 and under 30. Additionally, prisoners in closed-type facilities had a three times higher chance of developing GAD compared to those in half-open or open facilities.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rebecca L. Gould, Julie Loebach Wetherell, Kate Kimona, Marc A. Serfaty, Rebecca Jones, Christopher D. Graham, Vanessa Lawrence, Gill Livingston, Philip Wilkinson, Kate Walters, Marie Le Novere, Iracema Leroi, Robert Barber, Ellen Lee, Jo Cook, Viviana M. Wuthrich, Robert J. Howard
Summary: A study on acceptance and commitment therapy for older adults with treatment-resistant GAD showed good feasibility and acceptability, with preliminary evidence of improvements in anxiety, depression, and psychological flexibility.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Guy M. Goodwin
Summary: Anxiety and depression often coexist, with evidence suggesting genetic basis for their comorbidity. However, current clinical classification and treatment guidelines do not fully address the specific needs of patients with anxious depression, highlighting the need for more research and tailored therapies in this area.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2021)
Review
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Khadijah Alahmari, Henry Duh, Richard Skarbez
Summary: Virtual reality techniques have shown some improvement in treating generalized anxiety disorder, but the existing evidence is insufficient to demonstrate its superiority over traditional therapies.
BEHAVIOUR & INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Marta Migo, Tina Chou, Alik S. Widge, Amy T. Peters, Kristen Ellard, Darin D. Dougherty, Thilo Deckersbach
Summary: This study aimed to investigate learning in individuals with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) using neuroimaging techniques and a Bayesian Learning Model. The results showed that individuals with GAD had less activation in the basal ganglia and the hippocampus during the first reversal compared to controls, suggesting a potential deficit in early accommodation or consolidation of learning in GAD.
ACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Charlotte Krahe, Frances Meeten, Colette R. Hirsch
Summary: The tendency to draw negative conclusions from ambiguous information is common in emotional disorders. The new worry SST is a psychometrically robust measure that may be particularly useful for studying cognitive processes underlying worry and anxiety.
JOURNAL OF ANXIETY DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Alexander T. Gallo, Stephen Addis, Vlad Martyn, Hishani Ramanathan, Grace K. Wilkerson, Sean D. Hood, Hans Stampfer, Gary K. Hulse
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of low-dose continuous flumazenil infusion in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The results showed that low-dose continuous flumazenil infusion can effectively manage GAD symptoms without causing any changes in hepatic, renal, or hematological function.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Siamak Khodarahimi, Fazlolah Mirderikvand, Kourosh Amraei
Summary: This study aims to investigate the direct and indirect effects of negative affectivity and sensory processing hypersensitivity on dreams and sleep quality in patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). The results show a significant positive relationship between negative affectivity and sensory processing hypersensitivity with dreams and sleep quality. Sensory processing hypersensitivity moderates the relationship between negative affectivity and dreams and sleep quality in GAD patients.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Experimental
Jinxia Wang, Yizhen Wang, Meiling Liao, Yefeng Zou, Yi Lei, Yuxi Zhu
Summary: This study found that patients with Generalized Anxiety Disorder exhibited generalization in response to stimuli that included conditional conceptual cues during the conditioned generalization process, providing new evidence of generalization in GAD and potential implications for concept-based extinction treatment.
COGNITION & EMOTION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seoyoung Yoon, Yong-Ku Kim
Summary: Anxiety and mood disorders are common and challenging to treat, and oxytocin is believed to have therapeutic effects. However, the results of studies on the relationship between oxytocin and these disorders are inconsistent, possibly due to factors such as participant characteristics and research methodology.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Rosa Savino, Anna Nunzia Polito, Gabriella Marsala, Antonio Ventriglio, Melanie Di Salvatore, Maria Ida De Stefano, Anna Valenzano, Luigi Marinaccio, Antonello Bellomo, Giuseppe Cibelli, Marcellino Monda, Vincenzo Monda, Antonietta Messina, Rita Polito, Marco Carotenuto, Giovanni Messina
Summary: Agomelatine (AGM) is a new atypical antidepressant that is exclusively prescribed for treating depression in adults. It belongs to the class of melatonin agonists and selective serotonin antagonists (MASS), acting as an agonist for melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 and as an antagonist for 5-HT2C/5-HT2B receptors. AGM helps to resynchronize disrupted circadian rhythms and improves sleep patterns. Its antagonism on serotonin receptors increases the availability of norepinephrine and dopamine in the prefrontal cortex, leading to its antidepressant and nootropic effects. However, the use of AGM in the pediatric population and its efficacy in neurological developmental disorders like ADHD and ASD have not been extensively studied. This review aims to explore the potential role of AGM in these disorders, highlighting its ability to modulate neurotransmission and promote neuronal plasticity.
Article
Psychiatry
Enrico Capuzzi, Alice Caldiroli, Carmen Di Brita, Fabrizia Colmegna, Roberto Nava, Lia Chiara Colzani, Matteo Sibilla, Tiziano Prodi, Massimiliano Buoli, Massimo Clerici
Summary: The study found that emergency psychiatric consultations increased by almost 60% during the post-lockdown period compared to the lockdown period. Patients with substance intoxication or withdrawal syndrome and anxiety disorders were more likely to seek emergency psychiatric consultations during the post-lockdown. The findings suggest the need for alternative strategies such as promoting e-health technologies to improve mental health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY IN CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Ilaria Tagliabue, Luisa Ledda, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli
Summary: This review summarizes the efficacy of unlabeled molecules for the treatment of social anxiety disorder (SAD). Pregabalin at high doses appears to be a reliable alternative strategy for SAD treatment. Among the SSRIs not labeled for SAD, citalopram showed the most promising results.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Maria Auxilia, Massimiliano Buoli, Alice Caldiroli, Greta Silvia Carnevali, Agnese Tringali, Roberto Nava, Massimo Clerici, Enrico Capuzzi
Summary: Treatment discontinuation is a challenge in clinical settings. Long acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotics are underutilized despite their potential benefits. This study aimed to identify the factors associated with LAI discontinuation in a real-world setting.
Article
Psychiatry
Cecilia Maria Esposito, Anna Maria Auxilia, Alessandro Ceresa, Francesco Giuseppe Zanvit, Francesco Zanelli Quarantini, Enrico Capuzzi, Alice Caldiroli, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli
Summary: The aim of this study was to examine the factors associated with duration of untreated illness (DUI) in borderline personality disorder (BPD). A chart review of 152 patients followed up by community psychiatry services in Milan and Monza, Italy was conducted. Pearson correlation and analyses of variances were used to analyze the association between DUI and socioeconomic and clinical variables. The results showed that a longer DUI was associated with several variables, but these associations were not maintained in the regression analyses. Therefore, DUI does not appear to be significantly associated with specific clinical aspects of BPD or the course and outcome of the disorder. Larger studies are needed to confirm these findings.
EARLY INTERVENTION IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alice Caldiroli, Davide La Tegola, Letizia Maria Affaticati, Francesca Manzo, Francesca Cella, Alberto Scalia, Enrico Capuzzi, Monica Nicastro, Fabrizia Colmegna, Massimiliano Buoli, Massimo Clerici, Antonios Dakanalis
Summary: Compared to mildly severe anorexia, patients with severe anorexia were older, engaged in more frequent substance misuse, and had a lower neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR). Only a lower NLR was predictive of severe manifestations of anorexia nervosa (AN).
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Teresa Surace, Cecilia Quitadamo, Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Fabrizia Colmegna, Guido Nosari, Elisa Borroni, Luca Fedrizzi, Valentina Bollati, Angela Cecilia Pesatori, Michele Carugno, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli
Summary: The aim of this study was to summarize available data on the link between air pollution exposure and the onset and severity of psychiatric disorders in pregnant women during the perinatal period. Nine studies were included in the analysis, with most focusing on the association between air pollutant exposure and postpartum depression (PPD) onset. The results showed a significant association between PM2.5 and NO2 exposure and PPD onset, as well as an association between PBDE blood levels and more severe depressive symptoms. One study also observed a link between exposure to PM2.5, PM10 during pregnancy and stressful symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Alice Caldiroli, Lia Colzani, Enrico Capuzzi, Cecilia Quitadamo, Davide La Tegola, Teresa Surace, Stefania Russo, Mauro Capetti, Silvia Leo, Agnese Tringali, Matteo Marcatili, Francesco Zanelli Quarantini, Fabrizia Colmegna, Antonios Dakanalis, Massimiliano Buoli, Massimo Clerici
Summary: Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) and Panic Disorder (PD) share similar neurobiological mechanisms and clinical features, leading to potential misdiagnosis and delayed treatment. This study aimed to assess the relationship between clinical and socio-demographic markers and GAD/PD diagnosis. Out of 290 outpatients identified with PD or GAD in mental health services in Italy, post-onset psychiatric and medical comorbidities were associated with GAD, while treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) was associated with PD. GAD patients had a worse prognosis due to higher comorbidity rates, relapses, and poorer treatment compliance. The association between GAD and psychodynamic psychotherapy was a unique finding of this study.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Enrico Capuzzi, Alice Caldiroli, Cecilia Quitadamo, Francesco Butturini, Teresa Surace, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli
Summary: This article provides an updated overview of novel pharmacotherapy targeting positive symptoms in schizophrenia. Promising compounds include lamotrigine, pro-cognitive compounds, and drugs acting partially or totally outside the Central Nervous System. The effectiveness of these compounds suggests that other biological systems may be potential targets for future research.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alice Caldiroli, Davide La Tegola, Francesca Manzo, Alberto Scalia, Letizia Maria Affaticati, Enrico Capuzzi, Fabrizia Colmegna, Marios Argyrides, Constantinos Giaginis, Leonardo Mendolicchio, Massimiliano Buoli, Massimo Clerici, Antonios Dakanalis
Summary: The aim of this systematic review was to examine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on binge eating disorder, including new onset and clinical changes. Twelve studies with 4326 participants were included, and the findings suggest an increase in BED diagnoses and worsening of symptoms during the pandemic. However, the quality of the included studies was weak to moderate, and there was high heterogeneity among the studies, indicating a need for further research to validate these findings and develop preventive strategies and personalized treatments.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Cecilia Maria Esposito, Jennifer L. Barkin, Alessandro Ceresa, Guido Nosari, Martina Di Paolo, Francesca Legnani, Luisa Cirella, Teresa Surace, Ilaria Tagliabue, Enrico Capuzzi, Alice Caldiroli, Antonios Dakanalis, Pierluigi Politi, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli
Summary: Patients with psychotic BD showed more severe clinical features, fewer metabolic alterations, and higher levels of inflammation compared to those without psychotic symptoms.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Caldiroli, Enrico Capuzzi, Letizia M. M. Affaticati, Teresa Surace, Carla L. L. Di Forti, Antonios Dakanalis, Massimo Clerici, Massimiliano Buoli
Summary: Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a common psychiatric condition that requires prompt treatment to prevent psychiatric comorbidity and impairment in social and occupational functioning. This study systematically reviewed the literature on potential biomarkers for SAD. While some preliminary evidence suggests the role of certain genes and neuroimaging findings in SAD, the results overall remain inconsistent and need further investigation on larger samples to identify more specific biomarkers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Letizia Maria Affaticati, Massimiliano Buoli, Nadia Vaccaro, Francesca Manzo, Alberto Scalia, Sara Coloccini, Tommaso Zuliani, Davide La Tegola, Enrico Capuzzi, Monica Nicastro, Fabrizia Colmegna, Massimo Clerici, Antonios Dakanalis, Alice Caldiroli
Summary: Severe forms of Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are associated with low BMI, higher vitamin B12 and total cholesterol levels, later age at onset, and treatment with medication or poly-therapy. These findings contribute to the early identification of patients at higher risk.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Massimiliano Buoli, Enrico Capuzzi, Alice Caldiroli, Alessandro Ceresa, Cecilia Maria Esposito, Cristina Posio, Anna Maria Auxilia, Martina Capellazzi, Ilaria Tagliabue, Teresa Surace, Francesca Legnani, Luisa Cirella, Martina Di Paolo, Guido Nosari, Francesco Zanelli Quarantini, Massimo Clerici, Fabrizia Colmegna, Antonios Dakanalis
Summary: TRD patients were older, had longer illness duration, were more often treated with psychiatric poly-therapy, had more severe depressive symptoms, had lower bilirubin levels, and had more history of suicide attempts and antidepressant treatments. Candidate biomarkers such as bilirubin levels and NLR were associated with TRD, indicating a predisposition to suicidal behaviors. Future research should replicate these findings for new treatment targets and prevention strategies.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Enrico Capuzzi, Martina Capellazzi, Alice Caldiroli, Francesca Cova, Anna Maria Auxilia, Paola Rubelli, Ilaria Tagliabue, Francesco Giuseppe Zanvit, Gianluca Peschi, Massimiliano Buoli, Massimo Clerici
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of ADHD symptoms in male inmates and examined the relationship between ADHD symptoms and socio-demographic/clinical features. The results showed a high prevalence of ADHD symptoms among inmates, with childhood trauma, cocaine use disorder, prescription of mood stabilizers, and history of emotional abuse significantly associated with ADHD symptoms. Screening for ADHD and appropriate intervention strategies should be implemented.
Article
Nursing
Kaitlyn Barrow, Analise McGreal, Dillon LiVecche, Susan Van Cleve, Chris Sikes, Massimiliano Buoli, Marta Serati, Christy C. Bridges, Amara Ezeamama, Jennifer L. Barkin
Summary: This study aimed to explore barriers and advantages of screening for postpartum depression in the pediatric setting, providers' knowledge of mental health supports in the community, and commonly observed mental health issues in new mothers. The results showed low compliance with screening, with main barriers including lack of time, training, and difficulties in accessing the mother's medical records.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PSYCHIATRIC NURSES ASSOCIATION
(2022)