Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carlos Henriquez-Olguin, Roberto Meneses-Valdes, Steffen H. Raun, Samantha Gallero, Jonas R. Knudsen, Zhencheng Li, Jingwen Li, Lykke Sylow, Enrique Jaimovich, Thomas E. Jensen
Summary: The study investigates the role of NOX2 in the interaction between diet-induced insulin resistance and exercise training in skeletal muscle. The results suggest that NOX2 deficiency worsens the effects of a high-fat diet on body weight, body composition, and glucose intolerance. Additionally, the lack of NOX2 activity during exercise training reduces several metabolic adaptations in skeletal muscle.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Piumi B. Wickramasinghe, Shuwen Qian, Lyndsey E. Langley, Chen Liu, Lin Jia
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that alcohol overconsumption is associated with insulin resistance, and this study investigated the role of hepatocyte toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in alcohol-induced insulin resistance. The findings indicate that hepatocyte TLR4 is both required and sufficient for the development of insulin resistance caused by alcohol overconsumption.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Aurel B. Leuchtmann, Regula Furrer, Stefan A. Steurer, Konstantin Schneider-Heieck, Bettina Karrer-Cardel, Yves Sagot, Christoph Handschin
Summary: Administration of rIL-6 paired with exercise enhances endurance performance, muscle function, motor coordination, and gait improvements in old mice, while being safe and well tolerated.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao Han, Yang Yang, Sujuan Liu, Yanmei Niu, Heng Shao, Li Fu
Summary: Skeletal muscle insulin resistance is closely linked to hyperglycemia and metabolic disorders. Regular exercise can enhance insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle, and this study aimed to explore the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that SESN3 plays a crucial role in amplifying the beneficial effects of exercise on insulin sensitivity in skeletal muscle and systemic glucose levels. The SESN3/mTORC2/AKT pathway mediated the effects of exercise on skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Vitor R. Munoz, Rafael C. Gaspar, Matheus B. Severino, Ana P. A. Macedo, Fernando M. Simabuco, Eduardo R. Ropelle, Dennys E. Cintra, Adelino S. R. da Silva, Young-Bum Kim, Jose Rodrigo Pauli
Summary: Physical exercise can restore the levels of RhoA and ROCK2 proteins in the skeletal muscle of obese animals, increase phosphorylation of IRS1 and Akt proteins, and decrease levels of inhibitory regulators such as PTEN and PTP-1B. These findings suggest that exercise-induced upregulation of the RhoA-ROCK2 signaling pathway in skeletal muscle is associated with improved systemic insulin sensitivity in obese mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Benjamin A. Kugler, Jared Lourie, Nicolas Berger, Nana Lin, Paul Nguyen, Edzana Dossantos, Abir Ali, Amira Sesay, H. Grace Rosen, Baby Kalemba, Gregory M. Hendricks, Joseph A. Houmard, Hiromi Sesaki, Philimon Gona, Tongjian You, Zhen Yan, Kai Zou
Summary: This study demonstrates that partial loss of skeletal muscle-specific Drp1 expression is sufficient to improve whole-body glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity under obese, insulin-resistant conditions. This improvement may be due to reduced mitochondrial H2O2 production. Furthermore, the findings revealed divergent effects of Drp1 on whole-body metabolism under lean healthy or obese insulin-resistant conditions in mice.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luciele Guerra Minuzzi, Luciana Renata da Conceicao, Vitor Rosetto Munoz, Renan Fudoli Lins Vieira, Rafael Calais Gaspar, Adelino S. R. da Silva, Dennys Esper Cintra, Leandro Pereira de Moura, Eduardo Rochete Ropelle, Ana Maria Teixeira, Jose Rodrigo Pauli
Summary: The study showed that short-term aerobic exercise in elderly rats decreased fat mass, improved glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity without affecting IL-15 protein levels and signaling pathways. However, it did modulate the expression of HIF1 alpha and its regulator PHD2, suggesting their essential role in improving post-exercise glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity.
Article
Immunology
Wen-Wu Li, Yang Yang, Tian-Zhi Guo, Peyman Sahbaie, Xiao-you Shi, Qin Guang, Wade S. Kingery, Leonore A. Herzenberg, J. David Clark
Summary: In a murine tibia fracture model of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), up-regulated IL-6 signaling was found to be crucial for the development of nociceptive sensitization, vascular changes, and IgM immune complex deposition in the injured limbs. These findings suggest that anti-IL-6 therapies may be effective in reducing pain in the context of limb fracture or CRPS.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carine Marmentini, Gabriela M. Soares, Gabriela A. Bronczek, Silvano Piovan, Cecilia E. Mareze-Costa, Everardo M. Carneiro, Antonio C. Boschero, Mirian A. Kurauti
Summary: Although insulin sensitivity was unaffected in old mice, glucose tolerance appeared to increase during the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test, accompanied by higher plasma insulin levels. The reduced insulin clearance in old mice may be related to the decreased hepatic CEACAM1 and IDE function.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dingwu Li, Jianing Chen, Bingru Lin, Yanjun Guo, Jiaqi Pan, Chaohui Yu, Xingyong Wan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of celastrol on liver injury induced by ConA and its potential mechanisms. The results showed that pretreatment with celastrol significantly ameliorated liver injury and inhibited IL-17 signaling, suggesting the potential of celastrol in treating immune-mediated liver diseases.
JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Liangkui Li, Lu Zhang, Linkang Zhou, Meijun Jin, Li Xu
Summary: Long-chain inulin can prevent high-fat diet-induced obesity and associated metabolic disorders, while short-chain inulin has a similar but less effective impact. Both inulin types can alter gut microbiota composition and increase the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). However, the reduced serum levels of essential fatty acids, vitamins B1 and B3 caused by high-fat diet were further decreased by both inulin supplements.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Rita Minafra, Alexandra Chadt, Puyan Rafii, Hadi Al-Hasani, Kristina Behnke, Juergen Scheller
Summary: This study found that IL-6R does not play a necessary role in regulating body weight and glucose metabolism in diet-induced obese mice, based on metabolic phenotyping and analysis of IL-6R deficient mice.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xin-peng Yao, Ting-ying Jiao, Yi-ming Jiang, Shi-cheng Fan, Ying-yuan Zhao, Xiao Yang, Yue Gao, Fei Li, Yan-ying Zhou, Pan-pan Chen, Min Huang, Hui-chang Bi
Summary: This study demonstrated that high-dose Mifepristone can induce hepatomegaly in mice through PXR-mediated activation of the YAP pathway. The results showed that Mifepristone can activate human PXR in a concentration-dependent manner and promote the nuclear translocation of PXR and YAP, leading to the expression of their target proteins. High-dose Mifepristone failed to induce hepatomegaly in Pxr-knockout mice, highlighting the crucial role of PXR in Mifepristone-induced hepatomegaly.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Margarita Beckerman, Chava Harel, Inbal Michael, Amira Klip, Philip J. Bilan, Emily J. Gallagher, Derek LeRoith, Eli C. Lewis, Eddy Karnieli, Shulamit Levenberg
Summary: The study successfully demonstrated that engineered muscle constructs composed of GLUT4-overexpressing cells can effectively reduce and stabilize basal glucose levels in diabetic mice, suggesting a potential innovative modality for T2D therapy.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiamei Le, Yi Fu, Qiuqin Han, Xindong Wei, Houlin Ji, Yifan Chen, Qiuying Wang, Peixian Pi, Jilei Li, Xinjie Lin, Xiaoying Zhang, Yong Zhang, Jianping Ye
Summary: Metformin improves insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes by targeting liver, intestine, and other organs. This study found that more genes were altered in the liver than in the colon of diet-induced obese mice, with 20 Slc genes confirmed to be altered in the liver and 15 of them restored by MET, leading to improved insulin sensitivity and obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Ehsan Sediqi, Alexandros Tsoposidis, Ville Wallenius, Hans Axelsson, Jan Persson, Erik Johnsson, Lars Lundell, Srdjan Kostic
Summary: This study found that after more than a decade of follow-up, laparoscopic myotomy was superior to repetitive pneumatic dilatation in the management of newly diagnosed achalasia, providing long-term relief of dysphagia and better control of reflux symptoms.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Matus Sotak, Anna Casselbrant, Eva Rath, Tamara Zietek, Maria Stromstedt, Damilola D. Adingupu, Daniel Karlsson, Maria Fritsch Fredin, Peter Ergang, Jiri Pacha, Anna Batorsky, Charles E. Alpers, Emma Borgeson, Pernille B. L. Hansen, Anette Ericsson, Anna Bjornson Granqvist, Ville Wallenius, Lars Fandriks, Robert J. Unwin
Summary: The study found that SGLT3 is primarily expressed in epithelial cells of the small intestine in mice;
Comparatively, the mRNA expression of Sglt3a/3b was significantly lower in the duodenum and jejunum of ob/ob and BTBR ob/ob mice;
In obese patients, jejunal SGLT3 protein levels increased significantly after RYGB surgery.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matus Sotak, Meenu Rohini Rajan, Madison Clark, Christina Biorserud, Ville Wallenius, Carolina E. Hagberg, Emma Borgeson
Summary: This study evaluated the status of extracellular matrix (ECM) in metabolically healthy lean (MHL) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUO) individuals. The results showed that MHL individuals had abundant ECM deposition with high expression of ECM remodeling proteins. In contrast, MUO individuals had lower expression of ECM components but elevated levels of ECM cross-linking and adhesion proteins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ville Wallenius, Erik Elebring, Anna Casselbrant, Anna Laurenius, Carel W. le Roux, Neil G. Docherty, Christina Bioerserud, Niclas Bjoernfot, My Engstroem, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Lars Faendriks
Summary: In this study, healthy normal-weight volunteers showed similar postprandial glycemic and insulin responses to high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets. However, the high-fat diet exhibited a metabolomic pattern suggesting a potential shift towards insulin resistance in the long term.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Man Mohan Shrestha, Sanne Wermelin, Elisabet Stener-Victorin, Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm, Anna Benrick
Summary: Adiponectin deficiency affects fetal growth and placental function, particularly in obese individuals. Low levels of adiponectin lead to placental dysfunction and increased fetal triglyceride load, which could have long-term effects on the offspring's metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Saliha Musovic, Ali M. Komai, Marina Kalds Said, Man Mohan Shrestha, Yanling Wu, Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm, Charlotta S. Olofsson
Summary: This study investigates the regulation of adiponectin exocytosis in white adipocytes by noradrenaline (NA) and ATP. It found that sympathetic innervation plays a critical role in adiponectin exocytosis and disruption of this regulation is associated with a reduction in the levels of HMW/total adiponectin in circulation, which is related to obesity.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Erik Elebring, Ville Wallenius, Anna Casselbrant, Neil G. Docherty, Carel W. le Roux, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Lars Fandriks
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of diets enriched in fat or carbohydrates on glucose absorption in the healthy jejunum and the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that a fat-enriched diet decreased jejunal glucose absorption through a ketogenesis-induced alteration of histone acetylation. This research provides important insights into the metabolic effects of different diets.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elodie Picarda, Phillip M. Galbo, Haihong Zong, Meenu Rohini Rajan, Ville Wallenius, Deyou Zheng, Emma Borgeson, Rajat Singh, Jeffrey Pessin, Xingxing Zang
Summary: The immune checkpoint B7-H3 has been studied in the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy, but its potential role in metabolism remains largely unknown. This study reveals that B7-H3 is highly expressed in adipose tissue, particularly in adipocyte progenitor cells, and it regulates the glycolytic and mitochondrial activity of these cells. Loss of B7-H3 leads to impaired oxidative metabolism and increased lipid accumulation in derived adipocytes. Knockout of B7-H3 in mice results in spontaneous obesity, metabolic dysfunction, and adipose tissue inflammation.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ivana Maric, Jean-Philippe Krieger, Pauline van der Velden, Stina Borchers, Mohammed Asker, Milica Vujicic, Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm, Karolina P. Skibicka
Summary: The prevalence and health consequences of obesity differ between men and women. Research shows that male and female rodents respond differently to high-fat diet (HFD) challenge, with female rodents displaying a higher preference for HFD but experiencing a delay in weight gain and fewer metabolic complications compared to males. These sex-based differences are divergent in rats and mice, with male SD rats being a better model for the lower prevalence of overweight in women, while C57BL/6 mice may better represent the increased prevalence of morbid obesity in women.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Clair Crewe, Shiuhwei Chen, Dawei Bu, Christy M. Gliniak, Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm, Xin Xin Yu, Nolwenn Joffin, Camila O. de Souza, Jan-Bernd Funcke, Da Young Oh, Oleg Varlamov, Jacob J. Robino, Ruth Gordillo, Philipp E. Scherer
Summary: Caveolin-1 (cav1) is a crucial component of plasma membrane invaginations called caveolae and has important roles in adipocyte function. Ablation of cav1 in adipocytes leads to improved glucose clearance, reduced insulin secretion and activation of AKT in metabolic tissues, partial lipodystrophy, and metabolic abnormalities. This phenotype is partly mediated by extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by adipose tissue, which propagate the effects to other organs. Loss of cav1 also leads to inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and dysregulated lipid metabolism in adipose tissue.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna Casselbrant, Ville Wallenius, Erik Elebring, Hanns-Ulrich Marschall, Bengt R. Johansson, Herbert F. Helander, Lars Fandriks
Summary: This study compared the effects of a high-carbohydrate diet and a high-fat diet on the jejunum in healthy individuals. The results showed that the diets led to morphometric changes in the jejunal mucosa and affected the structure and function of mitochondria.
Article
Cell Biology
Sanjiv Risal, Congru Li, Qing Luo, Romina Fornes, Haojiang Lu, Gustaw Eriksson, Maria Manti, Claes Ohlsson, Eva Lindgren, Nicolas Crisosto, Manuel Maliqueo, Barbara Echiburu, Sergio Recabarren, Teresa Sir Petermann, Anna Benrick, Nele Brusselaers, Jie Qiao, Qiaolin Deng, Elisabet Stener-Victorin
Summary: The transgenerational effects of PCOS in female progeny are being investigated. This study examines whether sons born to mothers with PCOS transmit reproductive and metabolic phenotypes to their male progeny. The results show that PCOS-sons are more likely to be obese and have dyslipidemia, and a mouse model confirms that these dysfunctions are passed down to multiple generations. The study highlights the potential risk of transmission of reproductive and metabolic dysfunction through the male germline.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Obstetrics & Gynecology
H. Lu, H. Jiang, C. Li, H. P. Pui, E. Lindgren, S. Risal, S. Torstensson, G. Eriksson, C. Ohlsson, A. Benrick, E. Stener-Victorin, Q. Deng
HUMAN REPRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marco Bauza-Thorbrugge, Eduard Peris, Shabnam Zamani, Peter Micallef, Alexandra Paul, Stefano Bartesaghi, Anna Benrick, Ingrid Wernstedt Asterholm
Summary: Oxidative stress can lead to an adaptive browning process, which may be a potential treatment for obesity and its associated metabolic disturbances.