Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
JinHeng Lin, Lauren Scullion, Christopher J. J. Garland, Kim Dora
Summary: This study investigated the mechanisms of neuropeptide Y (NPY)-induced vasoconstriction in vascular smooth muscle (VSM). The results showed that NPY can induce membrane depolarization and calcium mobilization in VSM by activating the Y-1 receptor and the G beta gamma subunit, leading to vasoconstriction. This model may help explain the development of microvascular vasospasm during increased sympathetic nerve activity.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Javier Blanco-Rivero, Gisele K. Couto, Suliana M. Paula, Milene T. Fontes, Luciana Rossoni
Summary: The study revealed altered perivascular innervation function in superior mesenteric artery (SMA) of rats with heart failure postmyocardial infarction, showing enhanced noradrenergic function and decreased purinergic cotransmission. The nitrergic innervation remained unchanged. The findings suggest an increased sympathetic participation on the EFS-induced vasoconstriction in heart failure, providing insights into the neurotransduction mechanisms involved in controlling vascular tone.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Maria del Carmen Gonzalez-Montelongo, Samuel J. Fountain
Summary: In this study, it was found that NPY does not have a direct vasoconstrictor effect in mesenteric arteries, but can enhance vasoconstriction by increasing the activity of P2X1. The facilitatory effect of NPY on P2X1-mediated vasoconstriction involved activation of the Y-1 receptor and the L-type Ca2+ channel.
VASCULAR PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Takeshi Nii, Ryota Eguchi, Soichiro Yamaguchi, Ken-ichi Otsuguro
Summary: The study found that H2S indirectly inhibits ATP-induced Ca2+ signaling in astrocytes by releasing Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum. This mechanism may influence intercellular communication between astrocytes and neurons, thus impacting neuronal signaling in the nervous system.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anna Mosshammer, Lifang Zou, Stefan Boehm, Klaus Schicker
Summary: Many drugs used in cardiovascular therapy may exert their effects through the sympathetic nervous system. The P2Y(6) receptor has been identified as a new target for cardiovascular drugs, and its activation leads to sympathetic excitatory actions involving Ca2+-activated Cl- channels.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kirsty Mcdowell, Carly Adamson, Colette Jackson, Ross Campbell, Paul Welsh, Mark C. Petrie, John J. V. Mcmurray, Pardeep S. Jhund, Neil Herring
Summary: The study found that higher levels of peripherally measured NPY in heart failure patients are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and all-cause death, even after adjusting for other potential prognostic factors such as BNP levels. However, higher NPY levels are not associated with an increased risk of heart failure hospitalization.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Takahide Arai, Hideaki Kanazawa, Kensuke Kimura, Masahito Munakata, Hiroyuki Yamakawa, Ken Shinmura, Shinsuke Yuasa, Motoaki Sano, Keiichi Fukuda
Summary: Long-term emotional or physical stress may lead to stress cardiomyopathy and transient left ventricular ballooning, but the precise mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, researchers established an animal model of epilepsy-induced stress cardiomyopathy and found that neuropeptide Y (NPY) was upregulated in the cardiac sympathetic nerves and could interrupt beta-adrenergic signaling in cardiomyocytes, resulting in cardiac dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Amna C. Mazeh, James A. Angus, Christine E. Wright
Summary: Cannabidiol and SR141716 were found to act as competitive antagonists of the CB1 receptor in the rat vas deferens bioassay.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shogo Hamaguchi, Marin Kariya, Aya F. Ozaki, Iyuki Namekata, Hikaru Tanaka
Summary: The study revealed that ATP released from sympathetic nerve terminals enhances noradrenaline release, contributing to sympathetic nerve-induced inotropy.
BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chae Eun Haam, Seonhee Byeon, Sooyeon Choi, Eun Yi Oh, Soo-Kyoung Choi, Young-Ho Lee
Summary: The study found that T. caulis extract and its active compound vanillin can induce vascular relaxation in rat resistance arteries, which may help reduce blood pressure.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sooyeon Choi, Chae Eun Haam, Eun-Yi Oh, Seonhee Byeon, Soo-Kyoung Choi, Young-Ho Lee
Summary: Vanillin, a phenolic aldehyde found in vanilla plants, has been found to induce concentration-dependent vasodilation in rat mesenteric resistance arteries. This vasodilation is not affected by endothelial denudation or the inhibition of various enzymes, suggesting that vanillin may be a potent vasodilatory molecule.
Article
Ophthalmology
Jiucheng He, Thang Luong Pham, Haydee E. P. Bazan
Summary: The study characterized the entire rat corneal nerve architecture, changes with aging, and distribution of sensory, sympathetic, and parasympathetic fibers. Major sensory neuropeptides in rat cornea were CGRP and SP, while NPY and TH were major sympathetic markers and VIP was a parasympathetic marker. Epithelial nerve density increased with age, reaching peak development at 5 weeks and decreasing at 120 weeks.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eun Yi Oh, Chae Eun Haam, Sooyeon Choi, Seonhee Byeon, Soo-Kyoung Choi, Young-Ho Lee
Summary: Ezetimibe has a significant vasodilatory effect in rat mesenteric resistance arteries, suggesting potential beneficial cardiovascular effects beyond its cholesterol-lowering properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xiangnan Wu, Yiqiao Wang, Hang Wang, Meirui Ma, Zhichao Hao, Yuanyuan Ma
Summary: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a hormone that plays a role in maintaining body homeostasis in the nervous systems. This study focuses on the effects of osteocytic NPY on cell viability, proliferation, and osteoblast mineralization. It also identifies the NPY-AHNAK interaction and its involvement in Smad1/5/9 signaling. These findings provide new insights into the function of NPY in regulating osteocyte phenotype and function, and offer potential for NPY-mediated therapy in bone-related conditions.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lu Wang, Sebastien Roger, Xuebin B. Yang, Lin-Hua Jiang
Summary: MSC release ATP and express various P2X and P2Y receptors, participating in Ca2+ signaling and regulating cell functions. The SOC channel plays a significant role in ATP-induced Ca2+ signaling in MSC.
FRONTIERS IN BIOSCIENCE-LANDMARK
(2021)