Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Dongwei Liu, Ming He, Meijin Hou, Ye Ma
Summary: In this study, bilateral long short-term memory neural networks were trained to estimate ground reaction forces (GRFs) during stair ascent and descent using whole-body kinematics as input. A post-processing algorithm was developed to remove artifacts on GRFs in the swing phase. The models achieved excellent accuracy, allowing researchers to estimate 3D GRFs during stair walking without instrumented staircases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Henrik Lauer, Cosima Prahm, Johannes Tobias Thiel, Jonas Kolbenschlag, Adrien Daigeler, David Hercher, Johannes C. Heinzel
Summary: The article provides a comprehensive review of functional recovery in the rat median nerve model. It highlights the impact of different types of nerve injuries on the onset and speed of recovery and recommends the use of additional tests in conjunction with the grasping test. Careful planning of repetitive examinations is necessary to ensure valid and reliable data.
Article
Ecology
Jan Wolfer, Tina Aschenbach, Jenny Michel, John A. Nyakatura
Summary: The study investigated how Swinhoe's striped squirrels adjust their locomotion on different supports, finding that they predominantly use asymmetrical gaits with a preference for full bounds. The squirrels made adjustments on inclined surfaces to increase stability and optimize the loading distribution between fore- and hind limbs. These findings suggest a preference for asymmetrical gaits in early members of the Euarchontoglires, shedding light on the ancestral lifestyle of this mammalian 'superclade'.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Karim A. Sarhane, Benjamin R. Slavin, Nicholas Hricz, Harsha Malapati, Yi-nan Guo, Michael Grzelak, Irene Aran Chang, Heather Shappell, Nicholas von Guionneau, Alison L. Wong, Ruifa Mi, Ahmet Hoke, Sami H. Tuffaha
Summary: The study found that the detrimental effects of muscle denervation on functional recovery are more significant than the effects of SC denervation, with SC denervation having negligible impact on functional outcome. Further research is needed to investigate whether longer periods of SC denervation have negative effects on functional recovery.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jack Dienes, Brody Hicks, Conrad Slater, Kevin D. Janson, George J. Christ, Shawn D. Russell
Summary: This study characterizes the spatiotemporal parameters, ground reaction forces, 3-D joint kinematics, 3-D joint kinetics, and energetics of gait in healthy rats through a comprehensive biomechanical workup. The findings have significant implications for the development and clinical application of improved regenerative therapeutics and rehabilitative therapies for extremity traumas and other musculoskeletal pathologies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Md. Ahasan Atick Faisal, Sakib Mahmud, Muhammad E. H. Chowdhury, Amith Khandakar, Mosabber Uddin Ahmed, Abdulrahman Alqahtani, Mohammed Alhatou
Summary: This paper proposes a deep learning-based approach to predict 3D ground reaction force and moment from only 5 markers placed on the shoe. The proposed model achieves accurate and reliable predictions compared to techniques relying on full-body markers.
NEURAL COMPUTING & APPLICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
E. Fomina, A. Yu Ivchenko, N. Yu Lysova, R. Yu Zhedyaev, Yu N. Orlov
Summary: The paper introduces a new method for evaluating the stability of cosmonaut locomotor functions after long-duration spaceflight based on ground-reaction forces analysis. Various probabilistic indicators were introduced and showed promising potential in determining locomotor function states. Further trials of this method may provide valuable insights into human movement alterations after spaceflight.
Article
Cell Biology
Song Guo, Raymond M. Moore, M. Cristine Charlesworth, Kenneth L. Johnson, Robert J. Spinner, Anthony J. Windebank, Huan Wang
Summary: This study conducted a proteomic analysis of the distal nerve in a delayed repair group and an immediate repair group of rats, and found that the delayed repair group had more immune and inflammatory process-related proteins, while proteins related to axon regeneration and lipid metabolism were fewer. In addition, the delayed repair group had more downregulated beneficial proteins and upregulated detrimental proteins, which were associated with the poor regeneration in this group.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Dimitris Dimitriou, Michel Meisterhans, Marina Geissmann, Paul Borpas, Armando Hoch, Jan Rosner, Martin Schubert, Jose Aguirre, Urs Eichenberger, Patrick O. O. Zingg
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of experimentally induced weakness of the gluteal muscles on joint kinematics, reaction forces, and dynamic balance during deep squats. The results showed that the weakness did not significantly affect joint kinematics, but there were significant differences in reaction forces and dynamic balance. This study suggests that the effects of gluteal muscle weakness should be considered when assessing and training athletes or patients.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Johannes C. Heinzel, Viola Oberhauser, Claudia Keibl, Nicole Swiadek, Gregor Laengle, Helen Frick, Jonas Kolbenschlag, Cosima Prahm, Johannes Grillari, David Hercher
Summary: The study demonstrates that computerized gait analysis is a valid and feasible method for evaluating functional recovery following autograft repair of the rat median nerve. Parameters such as Print Area, Duty Cycle, and Stand Index were identified for assessing nerve regeneration. External paw rotation was also identified as a valid parameter for evaluating motor reinnervation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Steffen Willwacher, Kai Daniel Oberlaender, Patrick Mai, Daniela Maehlich, Markus Kurz, Till Koopmann, Dominik Fohrmann, Artur Kantarev, Uwe Gustav Kersting
Summary: This study analyzed TBV fluctuations of different treadmills and found that TBV regulation varies between treadmill types and is influenced by the subjects' body mass and locomotion speed.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bo Eitel Seiferheld, Jeppe Frost, Thorstein Brynildsen Ostergaard, Mathias Sonder Krog, Kent Kongsore Klitgaard, Mark de Zee
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the full-body kinematics and vertical ground reaction forces in the lower extremities of ten-pin bowlers. The results showed that there were changes in the joint angles of the dominant wrist and elbow during the later bouts, which were performed to compensate for the change in traction between the ball and the lane. These changes resulted in a decrease in ball release velocity.
Article
Neurosciences
Chen Liu, Fangzhen Shan, Feng Gao, Qingjie Ji, Yunfeng Chen, Changying Wang, Zihao Wang, Pengcheng Gao, Zhanyun Lv, Yuzhong Wang
Summary: The expression of DAP12 in Schwann cells and its roles in the peripheral nervous system (PNS) were investigated. DAP12-deficiency mice showed age-related motor deficits and thinner myelin, but faster clinical recovery after sciatic nerve crush injury. Proteomic analysis revealed differentially expressed proteins related to myelin loss and macrophage accumulation in DAP12 KO mice. DAP12 deletion promoted the phenotype conversion of macrophages from M1 to M2, suggesting dual roles of DAP12 in the PNS.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Xiaoxuan Tang, Qiaoyuan Li, Tingting Huang, Han Zhang, Xiaoli Chen, Jue Ling, Yumin Yang
Summary: This review mainly discusses the beneficial impact of T-cell subsets in the repair of both peripheral nervous system and central nervous system injuries and introduces studies on various therapies based on T-cell regulation. Further discoveries in T-cell mechanisms and multifunctional biomaterials will provide novel strategies for nerve regeneration.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Surgery
Peter J. Nicksic, D'Andrea T. Donnelly, Weifeng Zeng, Allison J. Seitz, Samuel O. Poore, Aaron J. Suminski, Aaron M. Dingle
Summary: The study demonstrates that trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS) or peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS) can improve functional outcomes of peripheral nerve injury in rats. This finding is important in translating the therapy as a non-invasive treatment for high, mixed nerve injuries in humans.
JOURNAL OF PLASTIC RECONSTRUCTIVE AND AESTHETIC SURGERY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenzhu Wang, Zihan Li, Yitong Yan, Shuo Wu, Xinyu Yao, Chen Gao, Lanxiang Liu, Yan Yu
Summary: This study investigated the reparative mechanisms of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and found that LIPUS promotes hippocampal neurogenesis, enhances neural electrical activity and neural plasticity, ultimately restoring neuronal function and cognitive capabilities in TBI mice.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenmin Yi, Fei Chen, Minghao Yuan, Chuanling Wang, Shengyuan Wang, Jie Wen, Qian Zou, Yinshuang Pu, Zhiyou Cai
Summary: The study suggests that a high-fat diet may lead to tau hyperphosphorylation and synaptic dysfunction by inhibiting the SIRT1/AMPK pathway and disrupting autophagy flux, ultimately resulting in cognitive decline.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Kim M. Hemsley, Helen Beard, Glyn Chidlow, Teresa Mammone, Leanne K. Winner, Daniel Neumann, Barbara King, Marten F. Snel, Paul J. Trim, Robert J. Casson
Summary: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive method that can be used to rapidly and quantitatively examine the integrity of the neuroretina. It has been shown that OCT can be used to observe retinal thinning in patients with childhood dementia, and to assess the improvement of retinal structure after treatment. Furthermore, OCT can provide insights into other childhood dementias based on the correlation between retinal and brain degeneration in Sanfilippo syndrome.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Qianling Jiang, Xin Ma, Gaochen Zhu, Wen Si, Lingyu He, Guan Yang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of EAE induction on thymopoiesis and T cell development, revealing changes such as increased apoptosis, decreased proliferation, and a blockade in the transition from double-negative thymocytes to double-positive cells. It was also found that positive selection was disrupted in the thymus of EAE mice, along with an increased production of regulatory T cells.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Alice McDouall, Guido Wassink, Sumudu Ranasinghe, Kelly Q. Zhou, Rashika N. Karunasinghe, Justin M. Dean, Joanne O. Davidson
Summary: This study found that blocking connexin 43 hemichannels can attenuate brain injury and promote neurodevelopment in infants with mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, without causing hypothermia.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah Sweetman, Mahmudur Rahman, Aditya Vedantam, Kajana Satkunendrarajah
Summary: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a neurological condition characterized by chronic compression of the cervical spinal cord, leading to impaired limb function. While respiratory dysfunction is not a common symptom of DCM, it can affect the ventilatory response to respiratory challenges. Surgical decompression improves sensorimotor function in DCM, but its impact on respiratory function is unclear. This study evaluates respiratory function and adaptive ventilation in a DCM model, showing that DCM impairs acute adaptive ventilatory ability and surgical decompression does not fully restore it.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Chengmei Sun, Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman, Budbazar Enkhjargal, Jianhua Peng, Keren Zhou, Zhiyi Xie, Lingyun Wu, Tongyu Zhang, Qiquan Zhu, Jiping Tang, Yujia Zeng, John H. Zhang, Shanshan Xu
Summary: This study found that Osteopontin (OPN) can attenuate inflammatory responses after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by promoting an anti-inflammatory microglial state. This effect may be mediated through the integrin-FAK-STAT3 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang Yang, Xuezhu Chen, Chuanyan Yang, Mei Liu, Qianying Huang, Likun Yang, Yuhai Wang, Hua Feng, Zhongyang Gao, Tunan Chen
Summary: The study explores the effects of specific chemogenetic stimulation of intact corticospinal tract on functional recovery after stroke in mice. The findings demonstrate that combining chemogenetic activation with rehabilitation training leads to significant motor functional recovery by promoting axon sprouting and rewiring new functional circuits.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)