Article
Robotics
Kunpeng Yao, Aude Billard
Summary: Humans imitate their own strategies to improve the dexterity of robotic hands by exploiting their kinematic redundancy. They propose a human-like grasp synthesis algorithm and construct a reachability map to guide the formulation of a constrained optimization problem, solving for feasible and stable grasps. An iterative process is formulated to empower robotic hands to grasp multiple objects in sequence, and a kinematic efficiency metric is proposed to facilitate exploiting kinematic redundancy. They validate their approaches by generating successful grasps on a real robotic hand using various hand surface regions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lukas Hensel, Fabian Lange, Caroline Tscherpel, Shivakumar Viswanathan, Jana Freytag, Lukas J. Volz, Simon B. Eickhoff, Gereon R. Fink, Christian Grefkes
Summary: This study assessed the contributions of the ipsilesional and contralesional anterior intraparietal cortex (aIPS) for hand motor function in stroke patients and found increased resting-state connectivity in patients with good motor outcome. Interhemispheric connectivity was also found to be correlated with better motor performance.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Kefei Wen, Clement Gosselin
Summary: This article presents a static model-based approach for grasping force control of a class of low-inertia kinematically redundant parallel and hybrid parallel robots with remotely operated gripper. Three different static models are developed and a combined position and grasping force control scheme is proposed.
IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS
(2022)
Article
Robotics
Marios Kiatos, Sotiris Malassiotis, Iason Sarantopoulos
Summary: In this article, a method based on shape complementarity metric is proposed for grasping unknown objects from cluttered scenes using multifingered robotic hands. The approach involves a fast algorithm to find potential grasps, a local shape completion method to infer occluded parts of objects, and an optimization-based refinement for achieving power grasp of target objects. Extensive validation on simulated and real environments show stable grasps even in heavily dense clutter, with improved success rate compared to precision grasping algorithms in the same scene.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ROBOTICS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Michelle Graham, John J. Socha
Summary: In arboreal habitats, dynamic movements play a crucial role in gap-crossing behaviors of arboreal animals. Research has shown that flying snakes are able to use jumping behaviors to cross larger distances, instead of employing the cantilever crawl used by most snakes. This dynamic jumping behavior allows flying snakes to access greater resources in the arboreal environment.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jorge Esteve, Nigel C. C. Hughes
Summary: Three-dimensional models show how the exoskeletal enrolment mechanics changed during the development of the 429-million-year-old trilobite Aulacopleura koninckii. The researchers found that the style of enrolment shifted from sphaeroidal to non-sphaeoridal as the trilobite matured and needed to maintain effective exoskeletal shielding. This change in enrolment accommodated the species' variation in mature trunk segments and suggests adaptation to a physically challenging, low oxygen environment.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Aaron S. Fox, Jason Bonacci, John Warmenhoven, Meghan F. Keast
Summary: The effect of the quantity and selection of gait cycles on biomechanical measures in running technique analysis is examined. The study finds that using more gait cycles can reduce the error of representative means compared to the "ground truth," and analyzing a small sample of cycles (5-10 cycles) typically results in minimal error (<2 degrees) at lower speeds.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kenneth P. Clark
Summary: This study explores the effects of body dimensions on mechanical determinants of sprinting performance using fundamental kinematic and kinetic relationships. The research highlights the inherent biological tradeoffs and emphasizes the importance of considering leg length in interpreting the relationship between mechanical variables and sprinting speed. The framework proposed in the study could help athletes with specific body dimensions and sprinting performance goals establish minimum requirements for maximum velocity.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Sonia Betti, Umberto Castiello, Chiara Begliomini
Summary: This review investigates how reach-to-grasp movements are influenced by multisensory information, emphasizing the importance of multisensory elements in shaping prehensile behavior and providing some considerations for future research developments.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Arjun S. Lakshmipathy, Nicole Feng, Yuxi Lee, Moshe Mahler, Nancy S. Pollard
Summary: This paper addresses the challenge of high-contact interactions, especially hand-object interactions, by elevating contact areas as first-class primitives. The authors provide end-to-end art-directable tools for modeling interactions, manipulating contact areas, and automatically computing corresponding poses. They also propose a novel axis-based contact model that supports real-time operations on triangulated surfaces, enabling high-quality posing even for custom rigs with a large number of degrees of freedom.
ACM TRANSACTIONS ON GRAPHICS
(2023)
Article
Robotics
Zheyuan Gong, Xi Fang, Xingyu Chen, Jiahui Cheng, Zhexin Xie, Jiaqi Liu, Bohan Chen, Hui Yang, Shihan Kong, Yufei Hao, Tianmiao Wang, Junzhi Yu, Li Wen
Summary: This article introduces a novel soft robotic system for collecting items in shallow water. The soft manipulator with an opposite-bending-and-stretching structure design allows for precise control of the end effector through a simple and efficient kinematics method. Experimental results demonstrate that this soft manipulator is capable of tracking complex trajectories and exhibits low inertia features during underwater operations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jia Yu, Yulian Xia, Chaochao Zhou, Tsungyuan Tsai, Sophia Li, Timothy Foster, Hany Bedair, Guoan Li
Summary: This study aimed to develop and validate a new concept of flexion axis by calculating points on femoral condyles that maintain constant heights during knee flexion. The results showed that these points form a medial-lateral flexion axis called the iso-height axis (IHA). The IHA exhibited minimal changes in proximal-distal translations and varus-valgus rotations along the flexion path, suggesting interesting clinical implications for knee surgeries.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Ping-Ping Xie, Biro Istvan, Minjun Liang
Summary: Based on the study, female runners are more prone to patellofemoral disorders compared to male runners. There are significant differences in biomechanical characteristics between female and male runners, with female runners exhibiting greater hip angles and smaller knee angles during running. These findings are important for physical therapists and athletic trainers in developing personalized injury prevention programs.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Logan Kluis, Ravi Patel, William K. Thompson, Beth Lewandowski, Ana Diaz-Artiles
Summary: This research investigates the biomechanics of Heel Raise exercises using the HULK device in microgravity. The results show that foot stance does not significantly affect joint angles and moments. The study is important for optimizing exercise equipment in long-duration space missions and understanding its impact on health and rehabilitation on Earth.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jonathan Sinclair, Paul John Taylor, Gareth Shadwell, Mark Stone, Nicole Booth, Bryan Jones, Sam Finlay, Ashraf Mohamed Ali, Bobbie Butters, Ian Bentley, Christopher James Edmundson
Summary: This two-experiment study examined the effects of different foot placement angles on squat performance. The results showed that increasing foot placement angles can enhance physical preparedness for sprinting and rapid changes of direction, while reducing foot placement angles can attenuate knee pathologies and promote the development of certain muscles.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Marc A. Pizzimenti, Nicholas Pantazis, Alexander Sandra, Darren S. Hoffmann, Susan Lenoch, Kristi J. Ferguson
ANATOMICAL SCIENCES EDUCATION
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
R. J. Morecraft, J. Ge, K. S. Stilwell-Morecraft, D. W. McNeal, S. M. Hynes, M. A. Pizzimenti, D. L. Rotella, W. G. Darling
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Stephanie M. Hynes, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Diane L. Rotella, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Robert J. Morecraft
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Robert J. Morecraft, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Diane L. Rotella, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Warren G. Darling
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Robert J. Morecraft, Jizhi Ge, Kim S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Diane L. Rotella, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Warren G. Darling
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2020)
Correction
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Stephanie M. Hynes, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Correction
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Clayton R. Peterson, Stephanie M. Hynes, Jizhi Ge, Kathryn Solon, David W. McNeal, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Warren G. Darling, Marc A. Pizzimenti, Diane L. Rotella, Jizhi Ge, Kimberly S. Stilwell-Morecraft, Robert J. Morecraft
Summary: The study found that recovery of the impaired hand in rhesus monkeys following neurosurgical lesions to the arm/hand representations of primary motor cortex was closely associated with volume and percentage of lesion to caudal M1, with severe non-use requiring extensive injury to both M1c and S1r. Assessing peri-Rolandic injury extent in stroke patients may have prognostic value for predicting susceptibility to reduced use and non-use in rehabilitation.
FRONTIERS IN SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc A. Pizzimenti, Xiaoliu Zhang, Jessica E. Goetz, Punam K. Saha
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc A. Pizzimenti
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc A. Pizzimenti
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martine Dunnwald, Marc A. Pizzimenti
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marc A. Pizzimenti
Article
Neurosciences
Wenzhu Wang, Zihan Li, Yitong Yan, Shuo Wu, Xinyu Yao, Chen Gao, Lanxiang Liu, Yan Yu
Summary: This study investigated the reparative mechanisms of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) in traumatic brain injury (TBI) and found that LIPUS promotes hippocampal neurogenesis, enhances neural electrical activity and neural plasticity, ultimately restoring neuronal function and cognitive capabilities in TBI mice.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenmin Yi, Fei Chen, Minghao Yuan, Chuanling Wang, Shengyuan Wang, Jie Wen, Qian Zou, Yinshuang Pu, Zhiyou Cai
Summary: The study suggests that a high-fat diet may lead to tau hyperphosphorylation and synaptic dysfunction by inhibiting the SIRT1/AMPK pathway and disrupting autophagy flux, ultimately resulting in cognitive decline.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Kim M. Hemsley, Helen Beard, Glyn Chidlow, Teresa Mammone, Leanne K. Winner, Daniel Neumann, Barbara King, Marten F. Snel, Paul J. Trim, Robert J. Casson
Summary: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a non-invasive method that can be used to rapidly and quantitatively examine the integrity of the neuroretina. It has been shown that OCT can be used to observe retinal thinning in patients with childhood dementia, and to assess the improvement of retinal structure after treatment. Furthermore, OCT can provide insights into other childhood dementias based on the correlation between retinal and brain degeneration in Sanfilippo syndrome.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Qianling Jiang, Xin Ma, Gaochen Zhu, Wen Si, Lingyu He, Guan Yang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of EAE induction on thymopoiesis and T cell development, revealing changes such as increased apoptosis, decreased proliferation, and a blockade in the transition from double-negative thymocytes to double-positive cells. It was also found that positive selection was disrupted in the thymus of EAE mice, along with an increased production of regulatory T cells.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Alice McDouall, Guido Wassink, Sumudu Ranasinghe, Kelly Q. Zhou, Rashika N. Karunasinghe, Justin M. Dean, Joanne O. Davidson
Summary: This study found that blocking connexin 43 hemichannels can attenuate brain injury and promote neurodevelopment in infants with mild hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, without causing hypothermia.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Hannah Sweetman, Mahmudur Rahman, Aditya Vedantam, Kajana Satkunendrarajah
Summary: Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is a neurological condition characterized by chronic compression of the cervical spinal cord, leading to impaired limb function. While respiratory dysfunction is not a common symptom of DCM, it can affect the ventilatory response to respiratory challenges. Surgical decompression improves sensorimotor function in DCM, but its impact on respiratory function is unclear. This study evaluates respiratory function and adaptive ventilation in a DCM model, showing that DCM impairs acute adaptive ventilatory ability and surgical decompression does not fully restore it.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Chengmei Sun, Muhammad Saif Ur Rahman, Budbazar Enkhjargal, Jianhua Peng, Keren Zhou, Zhiyi Xie, Lingyun Wu, Tongyu Zhang, Qiquan Zhu, Jiping Tang, Yujia Zeng, John H. Zhang, Shanshan Xu
Summary: This study found that Osteopontin (OPN) can attenuate inflammatory responses after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) by promoting an anti-inflammatory microglial state. This effect may be mediated through the integrin-FAK-STAT3 and NF-kappa B signaling pathways.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Yang Yang, Xuezhu Chen, Chuanyan Yang, Mei Liu, Qianying Huang, Likun Yang, Yuhai Wang, Hua Feng, Zhongyang Gao, Tunan Chen
Summary: The study explores the effects of specific chemogenetic stimulation of intact corticospinal tract on functional recovery after stroke in mice. The findings demonstrate that combining chemogenetic activation with rehabilitation training leads to significant motor functional recovery by promoting axon sprouting and rewiring new functional circuits.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2024)