Article
Cell Biology
Hao-Tian Wang, Long Zhao, Li-Qin Yang, Ming-Xia Ge, Xing-Li Yang, Zong-Liang Gao, Yu-Peng Cun, Fu-Hui Xiao, Qing-Peng Kong
Summary: By analyzing the whole genome somatic mutation profiles in 73 centenarians and 51 younger controls in China, researchers found that centenarian genomes have a skewed distribution of somatic mutations, with many genomic regions being conserved but having a high function potential. Additionally, long-lived individuals were observed to have more efficient DNA repair ability, supporting the idea that key genomic regions play a crucial role in human survival during aging and are essential for longevity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Silvana Mirella Aliberti, Richard H. W. Funk, Elena Ciaglia, Joseph Gonnella, Aldo Giudice, Carmine Vecchione, Annibale Alessandro Puca, Mario Capunzo
Summary: This study explored the association between tap drinking water and longevity in Cilento, Italy, and found that trace elements in tap water may have a positive influence on the lifespan and health of the local elderly population.
Article
Cell Biology
Paola Sebastiani, Anthony Federico, Melody Morris, Anastasia Gurinovich, Toshiko Tanaka, Kevin B. Chandler, Stacy L. Andersen, Gerald Denis, Katherine Costello, Luigi Ferrucci, Lori Jennings, David J. Glass, Stefano Monti, Thomas T. Perls
Summary: Using samples from the New England Centenarian Study, researchers characterized the serum proteome of centenarians, their offspring, and age-matched controls. They identified protein signatures associated with longer survival in centenarians and younger individuals and found similarities in aging markers between centenarians and short-lived cohorts. The study provides specific circulating biomarkers of healthy aging and longevity, suggesting potential mechanisms to prolong health and support longevity.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yuebin Lv, Yuan Wei, Jinhui Zhou, Kai Xue, Yanbo Guo, Yang Liu, Aipeng Ju, Bing Wu, Feng Zhao, Chen Chen, Jiahui Xiong, Chengcheng Li, Heng Gu, Zhaojin Cao, John S. Ji, Xiaoming Shi
Summary: The study investigated the concentrations of toxic metals and essential metals in longevity among elderly individuals of different age groups. Men had higher concentrations of toxic metals and lower concentrations of essential metals compared to women, which may impact their lifespan. LASSO regression and random forest models identified significant metals associated with various diseases.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Qian Xu, Chunyan Wu, Qi Zhu, Renyuan Gao, Jianquan Lu, Mireia Valles-Colomer, Jian Zhu, Fang Yin, Linsheng Huang, Lulu Ding, Xiaohui Zhang, Yonghui Zhang, Xiao Xiong, Miaomiao Bi, Xiang Chen, Yefei Zhu, Lin Liu, Yongqiang Liu, Yongshen Chen, Jian Fan, Yan Sun, Jun Wang, Zhan Cao, Chunsun Fan, S. Dusko Ehrlich, Nicola Segata, Nan Qin, Huanlong Qin
Summary: A comparison of the gut microbiome and blood metabolome between long-lived individuals and their children reveals extensive remodeling in advanced age and a generational divergence in correlations with socioeconomic factors. Genetic associations with metagenomic and metabolomic features are largely generation-specific, but cross-generational associations are found for plasma metabolic quantitative traits.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Donato Angelino, Francesca Pietrangeli, Mauro Serafini
Summary: This study investigated the meal timing and dietary habits of nonagenarians and centenarians in the Abruzzo region, Italy. The results showed an early dinner and a significant calorie restriction period between dinner and lunch. The participants had a high consumption of plant-based foods and were physically active throughout their lives.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yvonne Leung, Nir Barzilai, Agnieszka Batko-Szwaczka, Nina Beker, Kathrin Boerner, Carol Brayne, Henry Brodaty, Karen Siu-Lan Cheung, Maria M. Corrada, John D. Crawford, Alessia A. Galbussera, Yasuyuki Gondo, Henne Holstege, Marc Hulsman, Yoshiko Lily Ishioka, Daniela Jopp, Claudia H. Kawas, Jeff Kaye, Nicole A. Kochan, Bobo Hi-Po Lau, Darren M. Lipnicki, Jessica W. Lo, Ugo Lucca, Steve R. Makkar, Gabriella Marcon, Peter Martin, Kenichi Meguro, Sofiya Milman, Leonard W. Poon, Angela Recchia, Oscar Ribeiro, Emma Riva, Christoph Rott, Sietske Am Sikkes, Ingmar Skoog, Blossom Stephan, Jan Szewieczek, Laetitia Teixeira, Mauro Tettamanti, Krzysztof Wilczynski, Perminder Sachdev
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of dementia in centenarians and near-centenarians and found that the prevalence increases with age. Education and hypertension may have a protective effect against dementia, but further research is needed to understand other factors affecting dementia in this age group.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Diego Marcos-Perez, Ander Saenz-Antonanzas, Ander Matheu
Summary: Centenarians are considered models of healthy aging due to their remarkable long life and compression of morbidity. Recent studies have identified the transcription factor REST as a key player in extreme longevity and cognitive activity, acting as an epigenetic regulator of neuronal homeostasis in both human and animal models. This research aims to summarize the genetic and epigenetic factors, as well as molecular pathways associated with centenarians and aging biology, with a focus on the impact of REST in longevity.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Beatrice Arosio, Annalisa Geraci, Evelyn Ferri, Daniela Mari, Matteo Cesari
Summary: The study measured the subclinical frailty of centenarians by calculating a Biological Frailty Index (FI), showing that centenarians have narrower distribution of biological reserves without significant gender differences. The findings suggest that the exceptional biological reserves of centenarians may be underestimated in clinical assessments.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Silvana Mirella Aliberti, Francesco De Caro, Richard H. W. Funk, Luigi Schiavo, Joseph Gonnella, Giovanni Boccia, Mario Capunzo
Summary: This study investigated the phenomenon of regional longevity in Cilento and found that environmental factors such as altitude, climate, protected areas, and hinterland can directly or indirectly influence healthy living and lead to longevity. It was discovered that longevity is mainly concentrated in the central area of Cilento and extends towards the south-east, in the hilly area with altitudes between 400 and 700 meters above sea level. The towns in this area are part of the UNESCO heritage and have a transitional climate between Mediterranean and temperate climate. Furthermore, the study confirmed a linear relationship between the six indicators of longevity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sheng-han Ji, Chen Dong, Rou Chen, Chen-chen Shen, Jing Xiao, Yun-juan Gu, Jian-lin Gao
Summary: Large fluctuations in blood glucose levels greatly impact the health and life span of elderly individuals. This study found that centenarians have relatively small fluctuations in blood glucose levels, and maintaining an average blood glucose level and keeping blood glucose fluctuations in the normal range is conducive to longevity.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shunsuke Murata, Anna C. Meyer, Marcus Ebeling, Karin Modig
Summary: This study aims to describe the health status, living arrangements, and socio-demographic characteristics of the Swedish centenarian population. The results showed that only 15% of centenarians lived at home without formal care, and about half lived in care homes. Most centenarians had low incomes, used medications extensively, and had multiple morbidities.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shunsuke Murata, Anna C. Meyer, Marcus Ebeling, Karin Modig
Summary: Sweden's centenarian population is highly dependent on home care and care homes. Among the ones still living at home, the vast majority live alone and have low incomes. Strategies to manage the health and social care demands of this growing population group in the coming decade are important.
AGING CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Shunsuke Murata, Marcus Ebeling, Anna C. Meyer, Katharina Schmidt-Mende, Niklas Hammar, Karin Modig
Summary: Comparing biomarker profiles between long-lived individuals and their shorter-lived peers at similar ages can enhance our understanding of aging processes. This study examined biomarker profiles of individuals aged 64 to 99 who eventually became centenarians and compared them to their shorter-lived peers. The results showed that specific biomarker values, such as cholesterol, iron, glucose, and creatinine levels, were associated with reaching age 100. Centenarians displayed more favorable biomarker values from age 65 onwards and had relatively homogenous biomarker profiles. These findings suggest that genetic and lifestyle factors reflected in biomarker levels may play a significant role in exceptional longevity.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mikel L. Saez de Asteasu, Tainara Steffens, Robinson Ramirez-Velez, Eduardo L. Cadore, Mikel Izquierdo
Summary: There is an association between muscle strength and adverse health outcomes related to cancer symptoms, specifically in frail elderly individuals. In this study, handgrip strength was found to be lower in older adults with cancer compared to those without a cancer diagnosis.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Donatella Coradduzza, Caterina Arru, Nicola Culeddu, Antonella Congiargiu, Emanuela Gigliola Azara, Antonio Mario Scanu, Angelo Zinellu, Maria Rosaria Muroni, Vincenzo Rallo, Serenella Medici, Ciriaco Carru, Andrea Angius, Maria Rosaria De Miglio
Summary: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health and socio-economic problem that requires non-invasive screening tests. By using ultra-high-resolution liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, we profiled eleven polyamines, including spermine and spermidine with their acetylated forms, and evaluated their potential as biomarkers for identifying CRC patients. The statistical models showed good discrimination in distinguishing CRC patients and healthy subjects. Plasma assessment of ornithine and acetylspermine, as well as lymphocyte/platelet ratio, provided helpful information on the progression of CRC. The combined profiles of circulating polyamines and inflammatory indexes, along with innovative technology, could be a valuable tool for discriminating patients from different clinical groups.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Godswill J. Udom, Chiara Frazzoli, Osazuwa Clinton Ekhator, Amarachi Paschaline Onyena, Beatrice Bocca, Orish Ebere Orisakwe
Summary: The oil-rich Niger Delta region in Nigeria is facing a threat from PAH contamination resulting from anthropogenic activities. A systematic review was conducted using various databases, and the collected evidence highlighted the pervasiveness, bioaccumulation, and health challenges posed by PAH in the region. The lack of public health policies to prevent exposure-related adverse health effects calls for a collaborative and multi-disciplinary approach, with a focus on risk assessments, response plans, and control measures to protect public health. The implementation of a One Health strategy would be beneficial for managing the widespread distribution of PAHs in the region and mitigating their harmful effects on ecosystems.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Donatella Coradduzza, Antonella Congiargiu, Zhichao Chen, Angelo Zinellu, Ciriaco Carru, Serenella Medici
Summary: Senescence is a cellular aging process that contributes to the development of age-related complications, while ferroptosis is linked to various disorders. Both pathways play complex roles in aging and disease and require further research for a better understanding and potential interventions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Maria Carmina Pau, Angelo Zinellu, Arduino A. Mangoni, Panagiotis Paliogiannis, Maria Roberta Lacana, Sara Solveig Fois, Sabrina Mellino, Alessandro G. Fois, Ciriaco Carru, Elisabetta Zinellu, Pietro Pirina
Summary: In this study of 259 OSA patients, specific haematological parameters such as albumin, neutrophil and monocyte counts, and the systemic inflammatory response index were found to be associated with reduced oxygen saturation. These findings suggest that these parameters may serve as promising markers for assessing oxygen saturation in OSA patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Biagio Di Lorenzo, Maria Carmina Pau, Elisabetta Zinellu, Arduino A. A. Mangoni, Panagiotis Paliogiannis, Pietro Pirina, Alessandro G. G. Fois, Ciriaco Carru, Angelo Zinellu
Summary: Although polysomnography is the gold standard method to diagnose OSAS, there is a search for simpler and cheaper biomarkers. This study reviewed the potential diagnostic role of RDW, a routine hematological parameter, in OSAS. The results suggest that RDW could be a promising biomarker for OSAS.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Angelo Zinellu, Federica Sucato, Viviana Piras, Gian Mario Addis, Gabriele Biondi, Maria Antonia Montesu, Arduino A. Mangoni, Ciriaco Carru, Pietro Pirina, Panagiotis Paliogiannis, Alessandro G. Fois, Rosanna Satta
Summary: We retrospectively investigated the association between baseline inflammatory indexes and response to dupilumab in 66 patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). We found that the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) was independently associated with early-response. Combining PLR with serum IgE concentrations improved the predictive performance for early-response.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biology
Donatella Coradduzza, Antonella Congiargiu, Zhichao Chen, Sara Cruciani, Angelo Zinellu, Ciriaco Carru, Serenella Medici
Summary: Humanin is a mitochondrial-derived peptide with potential therapeutic applications for age-related diseases. It plays a role in protecting against various pathophysiological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases and metabolic disorders. Humanin improves glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and can increase lifespan and health span in animal models. The mechanisms behind its protective effects are connected with autophagy and cytoprotective activity.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Angelo Zinellu, Panagiotis Paliogiannis, Arduino A. Mangoni
Summary: Combined indices of different haematological cell types, known as aggregate index of systemic inflammation (AISI), have shown potential in investigating the link between systemic inflammation and COVID-19. In this systematic review and meta-analysis of 13 studies, higher AISI values on admission were significantly associated with severe disease/death in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. The AISI effectively discriminated between patients with different disease severity and survival outcome.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Angelo Zinellu, Arduino A. Mangoni
Summary: Published on 30th June 2023, our study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the association between circulating metabolites and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The findings showed that patients with stable COPD had lower levels of methionine and folic acid, and higher levels of homocysteine and cysteine compared to healthy controls. Additionally, COPD was associated with higher concentrations of ADMA, SDMA, and ornithine. These alterations in metabolites within the arginine, transsulfuration, and folic acid pathways could serve as useful indicators for assessing nitric oxide dysregulation and oxidative stress, as well as identifying novel treatment targets in COPD.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Angelo Zinellu, Arduino A. Mangoni
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between plasma/serum concentrations of uric acid and allantoin and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It finds that while there were no significant differences in uric acid concentrations between RA patients and healthy controls, the concentrations of allantoin were significantly higher in RA patients. Further research is needed to explore the connection between uric acid, allantoin, redox balance, and cardiovascular disease in this population.