Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adriana Adameova, Csaba Horvath, Safa Abdul-Ghani, Zoltan V. Varga, M. Saadeh Suleiman, Naranjan S. Dhalla
Summary: This review highlights the importance of regulated necrosis-like cell death program in cardiac ischemic injury. Key molecules of the necroptosis signaling pathway have been found to protect the heart by reducing infarct size and improving myocardial dysfunction. The non-canonical pathway is also associated with ischemic heart injury. Oxidative stress may be involved in the mechanisms of this cell death program.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Irene Andres-Blasco, Alex Gallego-Martinez, Ximena Machado, Javier Cruz-Espinosa, Salvatore Di Lauro, Ricardo Casaroli-Marano, Victor Alegre-Ituarte, Jose Fernando Arevalo, Maria Dolores Pinazo-Duran
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the molecules related to oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, and apoptosis in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) and diabetic macular edema (DME). By investigating their correlation in the plasma and vitreous body, as well as examining ophthalmological examination data, the study found that oxidative stress and inflammation were increased in the plasma and vitreous samples from patients with PDR/DME, while antioxidant capacity was decreased. The study suggests that exploring the relationship between these potential biomarkers in the plasma and vitreous may help detect early molecular changes in PDR/DME and monitor therapeutic outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gladys Y-P Ko, Fei Yu, Kayla J. Bayless, Michael L. Ko
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a diabetic eye disease that affects both neural retina and retinal vasculature, leading to vision impairment. Chronic inflammation, apoptosis, and pathological angiogenesis play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of this disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria del Carmen Gallego-Lopez, Maria Luisa Ojeda, Ines Romero-Herrera, Fatima Nogales, Olimpia Carreras
Summary: This study examined the impact of binge drinking (BD) on folic acid (FA) homeostasis and antioxidant properties in the liver of adolescent rats. The findings showed that BD led to decreased FA levels in the liver, along with elevated transaminase levels and imbalanced antioxidant system. However, FA supplementation effectively restored FA levels, reduced liver damage, and improved antioxidant activity.
Article
Neurosciences
Clarissa Rosato, Barbara Bettegazzi, Pia Intagliata, Maria Balbontin Arenas, Daniele Zacchetti, Antonella Lanati, Gianpaolo Zerbini, Francesco Bandello, Fabio Grohovaz, Franca Codazzi
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a common complication of diabetes, which is the leading cause of vision loss in working-age people. It is now believed that neurodegeneration occurs early in the disease process, even before the manifestation of vascular changes. In this study, the functional changes in Muller cells, a type of glial cell in the retina, under conditions similar to those observed in diabetic retinopathy patients were investigated. The results showed that high glucose levels, alone or in combination with activation processes and oxidative stress, made the cells more susceptible to a pro-inflammatory environment and decreased their ability to counteract oxidative stress.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cameron D. Haydinger, Genevieve F. Oliver, Liam M. Ashander, Justine R. Smith
Summary: Diabetic retinopathy is a retinal disease associated with hyperglycemia in diabetes patients, affecting both the central and peripheral retina. Its major mechanism involves oxidative stress caused by elevated production of reactive oxygen species, which is particularly harmful to the retina due to its high metabolic activity. This review provides an overview of the role of oxidative stress in diabetic retinopathy, including the formation and effects of advanced glycation end-products, metabolic memory, and non-coding RNA, as well as potential therapeutic strategies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kou Liu, Xiang Gao, Chengyang Hu, Yanchao Gui, Siyu Gui, Qinyu Ni, Liming Tao, Zhengxuan Jiang
Summary: This study demonstrates that capsaicin may ameliorate diabetic retinopathy by activating TRPV1 and suppressing the PPARγ-poldip2-Nox4 pathway.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kakali Bhadra
Summary: This article reviews the alternative pathways of cancer cell death targeted by anticancer drug molecules, providing a molecular basis for new strategies in cancer treatment. Many drugs can effectively induce cell death through targeting the caspase-independent cell death pathway, which is significant for cancer therapy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Carola Murano, Simona Nonnis, Francesca Grassi Scalvini, Elisa Maffioli, Ilaria Corsi, Gabriella Tedeschi, Anna Palumbo
Summary: It is crucial to thoroughly study the mechanisms underlying the toxicity of microplastics (MPs) in key Mediterranean organisms, as the Mediterranean Sea is currently one of the major hotspots for MPs pollution. In this study, sea urchins were exposed to different concentrations of polystyrene-microbeads (micro-PS) to investigate the immune cells profile and proteome changes. The results showed that MPs exposure led to the internalization of micro-PS in sea urchin tissues and altered the protein profile of coelomocytes, indicating severe disruption of cellular metabolic pathways.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gerald W. Zamponi
Summary: Siman Gao and colleagues found that the novel PKC delta isoform mediates a pro-apoptotic function in response to oxidative stressors, regulated by an interplay between SUMOylation and phosphorylation. This suggests potentially novel mechanisms for cell protection against hydrogen peroxide induced apoptosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alice Dauth, Andrzej Breborowicz, Yue Ruan, Qi Tang, Jenia K. Zadeh, Elsa W. Bohm, Norbert Pfeiffer, Pratik H. Khedkar, Andreas Patzak, Ksenija Vujacic-Mirski, Andreas Daiber, Adrian Gericke
Summary: This study aimed to examine the protective effect of sulodexide, a mixture of glycosaminoglycans, against hyperglycemia-induced endothelial dysfunction in the retina. Using isolated porcine retinal arterioles, the researchers found that sulodexide had a concentration-dependent protective effect against endothelial dysfunction and oxidative stress by modulating the expression of redox enzymes.
Article
Cell Biology
Rong Luo, Lan Li, Fan Xiao, Jinsong Fu
Summary: This study investigated the role of lncRNA FLG-AS1 in regulating inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy. FLG-AS1 negatively correlated with miR-380-3p in DR patients. Overexpression of FLG-AS1 and SOCS6 reduced cell damage and inflammation, while inhibition of miR-380-3p had similar effects.
Article
Cell Biology
Rong Luo, Lan Li, Fan Xiao, Jinsong Fu
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of lncRNA FLG-AS1-mediated miR-380-3p/SOCS6 axis in inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in diabetic retinopathy. The results showed that FLG-AS1 could alleviate DR by regulating the miR-380-3p/SOCS6 axis and reducing inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in ARPE-19 cells.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Huma Rizwan, Smith Sagar Satapathy, Satyabrata Si, Sonu Kumar, Golden Kumari, Arttatrana Pal
Summary: Studies suggest that hyperglycemia causes oxidative stress through excess generation of reactive oxygen/nitrogen radicals (ROS/RNS). The accumulation of ROS/RNS in cellular compartments aggravates the development and progression of diabetes and its associated complications. Impaired wound healing is a known complication in diabetes. This study investigates the impact of silica coated gold nanoparticles (Au@SiO2 NPs) on high glucose-induced keratinocyte complications, demonstrating that Au@SiO2 NPs treatment can improve glucose-induced injury by suppressing oxidative/nitrosative stress and elevating the antioxidant defense system.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Meng Tan, Chengde Fan, Minzhu Wang, Xinyu Li, Ruiying Yuan, Jing Yang, Zhuoma Dongzhi, Shan Huang, Yuefei Wang, Bin Li
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of Malus toringoides extract on diabetic nephropathy, demonstrating improvements in apoptosis, oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, and histopathology. The extract shows potential as a complementary therapy for DN patients.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Raquel Boia, Paul A. N. Dias, Caridad Galindo-Romero, Hugo D. Ferreira, Ines D. Aires, Manuel Vidal-Sanz, Marta Agudo-Barriuso, Rui Bernardes, Paulo F. Santos, Herminio C. de Sousa, Antonio Francisco Ambrosio, Mara E. M. Braga, Ana Raquel Santiago
Summary: The use of PCL implants loaded with selective A3R agonists has shown to effectively protect RGCs and improve their function, although it does not prevent retinal thinning due to transient ischemia.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ermelindo Carreira Leal, Eugenia Carvalho
Summary: A diabetic foot ulcer is a major complication of diabetes with impaired wound healing. The enzyme heme oxygenase-1 plays a crucial role in wound healing due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, among others. Therapeutic strategies targeting heme oxygenase-1 are important in treating diabetic foot ulcers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ermelindo C. Leal, Tatiana Emanuelli, Diana Santos, Joao Moura, Ana Catarina Rg Fonseca, Ana Burgeiro, Eugenia Carvalho
Summary: This study investigated the impact of alterations in the unfolded protein response (UPR), autophagy, and mitochondrial function on wound healing (WH) under diabetic conditions. The findings showed that the UPR and autophagy pathways were activated in the skin of control mice and non-wounded skin of diabetic mice. Additionally, high-glucose conditions induced autophagy in keratinocyte and fibroblast cell cultures. However, there were no changes in mitophagy in the skin of diabetic mice or wounded skin.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ines Ramos Rego, Daniela Silverio, Maria Isabel Eufrasio, Sandra Sofia Pinhancos, Bruna Lopes da Costa, Jose Teixeira, Hugo Fernandes, Yang Kong, Yao Li, Stephen H. Tsang, Paulo J. Oliveira, Rosa Fernandes, Peter M. J. Quinn, Paulo Fernando Santos, Antonio Francisco Ambrosio, Celso Henrique Alves
Summary: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of visual impairment and blindness in the elderly. The damage to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) caused by oxidative stress is a key factor in the development of AMD, and this damage is caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) primarily produced by mitochondria. The protein TRAP1, found in mitochondria, helps maintain mitochondrial integrity and reduces ROS production. This study found that TRAP1 is present in human RPE cells and its levels decrease when exposed to hydrogen peroxide. Silencing TRAP1 leads to increased ROS production and decreased mitochondrial respiratory capacity in RPE cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Jose Gonzalez-Riquelme, Fernando Lucas-Ruiz, Caridad Galindo-Romero, Raquel Boia, Antonio Francisco Ambrosio, Manuel Vidal-Sanz, Ana Raquel Santiago, Marta Agudo-Barriuso
Summary: This study compares retinal organotypic cultures (ROCs) with in vivo models to study retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death and glial activation. The results show that there are significant differences in glial activation between ROCs and in vivo models, with earlier and different morphological activation in ROCs. Additionally, microglial cell density in ROCs is consistently lower than in vivo. ROCs can be used for proof-of-concept studies on neuroprotection, but long-term experiments should be performed in vivo.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jessica Da Silva, Ermelindo C. Leal, Eugenia Carvalho, Eduardo A. Silva
Summary: The imbalance of local and systemic factors in individuals with diabetes mellitus delays wound healing and leads to diabetic foot ulceration. Biomaterial-based wound dressings with unique properties may be used as a therapeutic strategy for chronic wound healing and DFU management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andreia Amaro, Diana Sousa, Mariana Sa-Rocha, Marcos D. Ferreira-Junior, Catia Barra, Tamaeh Monteiro, Paulo Mathias, Rodrigo Mello Gomes, Filipa I. Baptista, Paulo Matafome
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of maternal glycation during lactation on offspring neurodevelopment and behavior, with a focus on sex differences and molecular mechanisms. The researchers found that maternal glycation reduced triglycerides and total antioxidant capacity levels in breast milk. The offspring, both male and female, showed accelerated neurodevelopment milestones during infancy. In adolescence, male offspring exhibited hyperlocomotion, while offspring of both sexes displayed a risk-taking phenotype, accompanied by changes in neural receptor levels. These findings highlight the critical role of the lactation period in metabolic programming and behavioral development.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Joao Pedro Marques, Ricardo Machado Soares, Silvia Simao, Rebhi Abuzaitoun, Chris Andrews, C. Henrique Alves, Antonio Francisco Ambrosio, Joaquim Murta, Rufino Silva, Maria Fernanda Abalem, K. Thiran Jayasundera
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the self-reported visual function and psychosocial impact of visual loss in patients with EYS-associated retinal degeneration. Two patient-reported outcome measures, the MRDQ and MVAQ, were used. The results showed a correlation between the PRO measures and the clinician-reported outcomes.
OPHTHALMIC GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Carla Filipa Simoes-Henriques, A. Catarina Rodrigues-Neves, Fabio J. Sousa, Rita Gaspar, Ines Almeida, Filipa I. I. Baptista, Antonio F. Ambrosio, Catarina A. A. Gomes
Summary: The involvement of immunity in psychiatric disorders, such as anxiety, is characterized by changes in microglia morphology in response to anxiogenic stimuli. Sex differences in microglia morphology and behavior are observed in adolescent rodents, which can be influenced by postnatal testosterone treatment. Administration of testosterone partially eliminates the sex-specific differences in microglia morphology and behavior, approaching towards a male phenotype.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eliane S. Sanches, Raquel Boia, Ricardo A. Leitao, Maria H. Madeira, Carlos A. Fontes-Ribeiro, Antonio Francisco Ambrosio, Rosa Fernandes, Ana Paula Silva
Summary: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder that affects children, and it is associated with ophthalmologic abnormalities. The effects of methylphenidate (MPH) on retinal physiology in ADHD are still unclear. This study used animal models to investigate the structural, functional, and cellular alterations in the retina of ADHD, as well as the impact of MPH. The findings revealed deficits in retinal structure, function, and neurons in the ADHD animal model, and MPH had a beneficial effect on reducing inflammation and blood-retinal barrier dysfunction. However, MPH had opposite effects in the control animals, impairing retinal function and promoting inflammation.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Ines D. Teixeira, Eugenia Carvalho, Ermelindo C. Leal
Summary: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) are a serious complication of diabetes, affecting approximately 15% of patients and leading to lower limb amputations. However, impaired healing process and antimicrobial resistance pose challenges to effective treatment. This review explores the use of antimicrobial peptides derived from environmentally friendly processes as potential therapeutic compounds for DFUs, offering better quality of life to patients while preserving bio-resources.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ana M. Realinho, Raquel Boia, Beatriz Paiva, Raquel G. Correia, Rita Gaspar, Antonio F. Ambrosio, Filipa I. Baptista
Summary: Maternal diabetes has negative effects on the offspring's brain, and this study reveals that it also impacts the development of the retina, leading to structural and functional deficits.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aryane Cruz Oliveira Pinho, Diana Santos, Paulo J. Oliveira, Ermelindo Carreira Leal, Eugenia Carvalho
Summary: This study investigated the effects of diabetes on mitochondrial respiration in wounded and non-wounded skin using high-resolution respirometry. The results showed that the oxidative phosphorylation capacity of the wounded skin was decreased at day 3 post-wounding and increased at day 10 post-wounding in diabetic mice. The relative contribution of pyruvate, malate, and glutamate oxidation to the oxidative phosphorylation capacity was higher in wounded skin, while fatty acid oxidation contributed more to the non-wounded skin. This study provides important insights into the impact of diabetes on wound healing.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Medicine, General & Internal
A. Amaro, M. Sa-Rocha, D. Sousa, M. F. Junior, C. Barra, T. Monteiro, R. Mello-Gomes, F. Baptista, P. Matafome
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
He-Yan Li, Li Dong, Xu-Han Shi, Rui-Heng Zhang, Wen-Da Zhou, Hao-Tian Wu, Chu-Yao Yu, Yi-Tong Li, Yi-Fan Li, Jost B. Jonas, Wen-Bin Wei, Yue-Ming Liu
Summary: This study aimed to examine the intraocular tolerability of cetuximab when applied intravitreally, and its effect on axial elongation. The results showed that intravitreal injections of cetuximab could reduce axial elongation in a dose-dependent and number of treatment-dependent manner, without causing intraocular toxic effects.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
James D. Cole, John A. McDaniel, Joelle Nilak, Ashley Ban, Carlos Rodriguez, Zuhaad Hameed, Marta Grannonico, Peter A. Netland, Hu Yang, Ignacio Provencio, Xiaorong Liu
Summary: Aniridia is a panocular condition characterized by the loss of iris, caused mainly by mutations in the PAX6 gene. This study assessed the effects of Pax6-haploinsufficiency on retinal morphology and vision in Pax6Sey mice. The results showed elevated intraocular pressure and declining visual acuity in Pax6Sey mice, along with local retinal damage and a possible neuroinflammatory response.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Subao Jiang, Ning Xia, Francesco Buonfiglio, Elsa W. Boehm, Qi Tang, Norbert Pfeiffer, Dominik Olinger, Huige Li, Adrian Gericke
Summary: This study found that a high-fat diet induces endothelial dysfunction in the ophthalmic artery, leading to impaired vascular function in the eye. The high-fat diet triggers oxidative stress and involves RAGE and NOX2.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Ophthalmology
Mala Upadhyay, Vera L. Bonilha
Summary: The sodium iodate (NaIO3) model is a valuable tool in studying dry AMD and evaluating the retinal structure. Through extensive research, it has been found that the death of RPE cells caused by NaIO3 injection is closely related to vision loss in patients with dry AMD. Therefore, studying NaIO3 can provide insights into the mechanisms of RPE and photoreceptor cell death and contribute to understanding RPE degeneration in AMD.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Vicki Chrysostomou, Katharina C. Bell, Sze Woei Ng, Samyuktha Suresh, Gayathri Karthik, Marion Millet, Yingying Chung, Jonathan G. Crowston
Summary: We present a new experimental model for inducing retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction and degeneration in mice. This model allows for the reliable induction of RGC dysfunction and loss, with the resilience of the optic nerve being dependent on the age of the animal. The time-defined nature of the functional and structural changes observed in this model will facilitate the study of glial responses and the evaluation of neuroprotective treatments after intraocular pressure (IOP) injury.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)