Article
Ophthalmology
Ke Ning, Brent E. Sendayen, Tia J. Kowal, Biao Wang, Bryan W. Jones, Yang Hu, Yang Sun
Summary: Through studying the inner nuclear layer of retinas in mice and rhesus macaque primates, it was found that several subpopulations of amacrine cells form cilia during early retinal development.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Steven Hughes, Jessica K. Edwards, Ashleigh G. Wilcox, Carina A. Pothecary, Alun R. Barnard, Russell Joynson, Greg Joynson, Mark W. Hankins, Stuart N. Peirson, Gareth Banks, Patrick M. Nolan
Summary: Mutations in the transcription factor ZFHX3 have been shown to affect circadian rhythms in mice, with further investigation revealing its impact on retinal function, particularly in altered light responses and increased sensitivity to pupillary reflexes.
Article
Neurosciences
William N. Grimes, Didem Goz Ayturk, Mrinalini Hoon, Takeshi Yoshimatsu, Clare Gamlin, Daniel Carrera, Amurta Nath, Francisco M. Nadal-Nicolas, Richard M. Ahlquist, Adit Sabnis, David M. Berson, Jeffrey S. Diamond, Rachel O. Wong, Connie Cepko, Fred Rieke
Summary: This study introduces a previously unstudied inhibitory amacrine cell, named MAC, that is directly coupled to Muller glia in the mouse retina. MACs release glycine at chemical synapses and show selective connections with a subpopulation of retinal ganglion cell types.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Espen Hartveit, Margaret Lin Veruki, Bas-Jan Zandt
Summary: Through experiments on amacrine cells in the retina, this study found that these cells have the ability to integrate inputs locally and globally. Local integration occurs in specific regions of the dendrites and over shorter time periods, while global integration occurs throughout the entire dendritic tree and is significantly influenced by electrical coupling strength. These integrative properties allow amacrine cells to control synaptic plasticity both locally and globally, which is of great significance.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jean de Montigny, Evelyne Sernagor, Roman Bauer
Summary: Individual retinal cell types form semi-regular spatial patterns known as retinal mosaics, and retinal ganglion cells and starburst amacrine cells are examples of such patterns. The mechanisms behind mosaic formation involve homotypic cell interactions, cell migration, and cell death. By using experiments in mice and an agent-based simulation framework called BioDynaMo, researchers aim to understand the formation of retinal mosaics. They find that cell migration is the main contributing factor to the regularity of the mosaic pattern. They also propose that the regular spacing of retinal ganglion cells may not be a necessary criterion for the formation of a specific type of retinal ganglion cell. Furthermore, the study explores the formation of starburst amacrine cell mosaics and the interactions between the ganglion cell layer and inner nuclear layer populations. They suggest that homotypic interactions between these populations are crucial for reproducing the observed characteristics of starburst amacrine cell mosaics, indicating that the two populations may not be independent during retinal development.
Article
Neurosciences
Marc A. Meadows, Veeramuthu Balakrishnan, Xiaohan Wang, Henrique von Gersdorff
Summary: The study demonstrates that elevating cAMP in AII-AC leads to a robust enhancement of glycine release through an EPAC2 and Ca2+ store signaling pathway. This finding contributes to a better understanding of how AII-AC crossover inhibitory circuits adapt to changes in ambient luminance.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brent K. Young, Charu Ramakrishnan, Tushar Ganjawala, Ping Wang, Karl Deisseroth, Ning Tian
Summary: Neurons in the CNS have distinct characteristics based on neurotransmitter types, synaptic connections, morphology, and genetic profiles. A previously unidentified interneuron in the mammalian retina exhibits similarities with bipolar cells and amacrine cells, suggesting a potentially unique role in vision processing. This discovery highlights the complexity and diversity of neuronal populations in the CNS.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Mengjuan Wu, Qinqin Deng, Xinlan Lei, Yuxin Du, Yin Shen
Summary: Elavl2 is involved in the differentiation of amacrine cells during retinogenesis and is essential for maintaining normal retinal function. The loss of Elavl2 leads to a decrease in amacrine cells, which in turn affects visual responses and acuity.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Krystal R. Harrison, Andrew P. Chervenak, Sarah M. Resnick, Aaron N. Reifler, Kwoon Y. Wong
Summary: Our study revealed that different types of ipRGCs are coupled with amacrine cells, potentially exerting diverse modulatory effects on retinal physiology through various neuromodulators. Gap junctional ipRGC-to-amacrine signaling is mediated partly by Cx36.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biology
Songhui Hu, Yurong Wang, Xu Han, Min Dai, Yongxing Zhang, Yuanyuan Ma, Shijun Weng, Lei Xiao
Summary: The study identified the expression of oxytocin receptors in the mouse retina, mainly in GABAergic amacrine cells, especially dopaminergic cells. Exogenous oxytocin application activated retinal dopaminergic neurons and decreased bipolar cell activity through oxytocin and dopamine receptors, suggesting a modulation of visual information processing by oxytocin signaling in the retina from the hypothalamus.
Article
Neurosciences
Akihiro Matsumoto, Weaam Agbariah, Stella Solveig Nolte, Rawan Andrawos, Hadara Levi, Shai Sabbah, Keisuke Yonehara
Summary: Through two-photon glutamate imaging, it was discovered that direction selectivity arises early at bipolar cell outputs, with individual bipolar cells containing distinct populations of axon terminal boutons with different preferred directions. Tuning at these boutons relies on cholinergic excitation and GABAergic inhibition, contributing to the incremental refinement of directional tuning in the excitatory visual pathway.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wei-Yi Chen, Xu Han, Ling-Jie Cui, Chen-Xi Yu, Wen-Long Sheng, Jun Yu, Fei Yuan, Yong-Mei Zhong, Xiong-Li Yang, Shi-Jun Weng
Summary: Recent evidence shows that in diabetic mice, M1 ipRGCs remain unchanged while M2/M3 ipRGCs undergo significant remodeling. The resistance of M1 cells may be due to their proximity to capillaries, which protects them from the early stage retinal blood supply impairment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adam Mani, Xinzhu Yang, Tiffany A. Zhao, Megan L. Leyrer, Daniel Schreck, David M. Berson
Summary: This study reveals the role of VGluT3 cells in limiting the speed range of OKN. It enhances our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of retinal cell response to fast motion.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Kirsty Uttley, Andrew S. Papanastasiou, Manuela Lahne, Jennifer M. Brisbane, Ryan B. Macdonald, Wendy A. Bickmore, Shipra Bhatia
Summary: Enhancers play a critical role in precise modulation of gene expression in development, but the functional consequences of sequence variants in enhancers remain challenging to establish. This study focuses on two PAX6 retinal enhancers, HS5 and NRE, and reveals their distinct activities in different cell types using live imaging and single-cell RNA sequencing. The findings demonstrate the potential for uncovering unique cell type-specific activities in apparently similar enhancers when investigated at high resolution in vivo.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ching-Kang Chen, Takae Kiyama, Nicole Weber, Christopher M. Whitaker, Ping Pan, Tudor C. Badea, Stephen C. Massey, Chai-An Mao
Summary: The study found that Tbr2 is essential for the formation and maintenance of ipRGCs, and it can regulate various types of retinal neurons, including RGCs and GABAergic displaced amacrine cells (dACs). Most Tbr2(+) RGCs are intrinsically photosensitive, morphologically resembling ipRGCs, and also include a unique OFF RGC subtype.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
He-Yan Li, Li Dong, Xu-Han Shi, Rui-Heng Zhang, Wen-Da Zhou, Hao-Tian Wu, Chu-Yao Yu, Yi-Tong Li, Yi-Fan Li, Jost B. Jonas, Wen-Bin Wei, Yue-Ming Liu
Summary: This study aimed to examine the intraocular tolerability of cetuximab when applied intravitreally, and its effect on axial elongation. The results showed that intravitreal injections of cetuximab could reduce axial elongation in a dose-dependent and number of treatment-dependent manner, without causing intraocular toxic effects.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
James D. Cole, John A. McDaniel, Joelle Nilak, Ashley Ban, Carlos Rodriguez, Zuhaad Hameed, Marta Grannonico, Peter A. Netland, Hu Yang, Ignacio Provencio, Xiaorong Liu
Summary: Aniridia is a panocular condition characterized by the loss of iris, caused mainly by mutations in the PAX6 gene. This study assessed the effects of Pax6-haploinsufficiency on retinal morphology and vision in Pax6Sey mice. The results showed elevated intraocular pressure and declining visual acuity in Pax6Sey mice, along with local retinal damage and a possible neuroinflammatory response.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Subao Jiang, Ning Xia, Francesco Buonfiglio, Elsa W. Boehm, Qi Tang, Norbert Pfeiffer, Dominik Olinger, Huige Li, Adrian Gericke
Summary: This study found that a high-fat diet induces endothelial dysfunction in the ophthalmic artery, leading to impaired vascular function in the eye. The high-fat diet triggers oxidative stress and involves RAGE and NOX2.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Ophthalmology
Mala Upadhyay, Vera L. Bonilha
Summary: The sodium iodate (NaIO3) model is a valuable tool in studying dry AMD and evaluating the retinal structure. Through extensive research, it has been found that the death of RPE cells caused by NaIO3 injection is closely related to vision loss in patients with dry AMD. Therefore, studying NaIO3 can provide insights into the mechanisms of RPE and photoreceptor cell death and contribute to understanding RPE degeneration in AMD.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Ophthalmology
Vicki Chrysostomou, Katharina C. Bell, Sze Woei Ng, Samyuktha Suresh, Gayathri Karthik, Marion Millet, Yingying Chung, Jonathan G. Crowston
Summary: We present a new experimental model for inducing retinal ganglion cell (RGC) dysfunction and degeneration in mice. This model allows for the reliable induction of RGC dysfunction and loss, with the resilience of the optic nerve being dependent on the age of the animal. The time-defined nature of the functional and structural changes observed in this model will facilitate the study of glial responses and the evaluation of neuroprotective treatments after intraocular pressure (IOP) injury.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2024)
