Article
Oncology
Jessica Wagner, Elizabeth Wickman, Timothy Shaw, Alejandro Allo Anido, Deanna Langfitt, Jinghui Zhang, Shaina N. Porter, Shondra M. Pruett-Miller, Heather Tillman, Giedre Krenciute, Stephen Gottschalk
Summary: Targeting tumor-specific splice variants such as EDB with CAR T cells is feasible and has the potential to improve the efficacy of CAR T-cell therapy.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tiago Justo, Nicola Smart, Gurtej K. Dhoot
Summary: This study found that SULF1 and SULF2 have distinct regulatory roles in maintaining specific HSPG sulfation patterns and vascular endothelial cell signaling. Sulf1 over-expression promotes TGF beta and VEGF cell signaling, while Sulf2 over-expression maintains the control phenotype. The responses of different cells to VEGF-A and TGF beta 1 are also cell type-specific, and they regulate cell signaling activity by altering HSPG sulfation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Siobhan S. Pattwell, Sonali Arora, Nicholas Nuechterlein, Michael Zager, Keith R. Loeb, Patrick J. Cimino, Nikolas C. Holland, Noemi Reche-Ley, Hamid Bolouri, Damian A. Almiron Bonnin, Frank Szulzewsky, Vaishnavi V. Phadnis, Tatsuya Ozawa, Michael J. Wagner, Michael C. Haffner, Junyue Cao, Jay Shendure, Eric C. Holland
Summary: This article highlights the previously unidentified role of the neurotrophin receptor splice variant TrkB.T1 in neurodevelopment, embryogenesis, transformation, and oncogenesis. TrkB.T1 is an important isoform in these processes and is expressed in both embryonic and adult tumors. The study also reveals its interaction with developmental and oncogenic signaling pathways, suggesting its potential to reshape our understanding of developmental systems and oncology.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Philipp Rentzsch, Max Schubach, Jay Shendure, Martin Kircher
Summary: The study compared several machine learning methods that score variant effects on splicing using an experimental dataset, integrating the best methods into general variant effect prediction models and evaluating the impact on the classification of known pathogenic variants. The inclusion of splicing DNN effect scores substantially improved predictions across multiple variant categories in the new CADD-Splice model, without compromising overall performance.
Article
Oncology
Pauline Wimberger, Mara Julia Gerber, Jacobus Pfisterer, Kati Erdmann, Susanne Fuessel, Theresa Link, Andreas du Bois, Stefan Kommoss, Florian Heitz, Jalid Sehouli, Rainer Kimmig, Nikolaus de Gregorio, Barbara Schmalfeldt, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Klaus Baumann, Felix Hilpert, Marcel Grube, Willibald Schroder, Alexander Burges, Antje Belau, Lars Harser, Jan Dominik Kuhlmann
Summary: A study on 413 patients from the ICON7 trial found that the addition of bevacizumab to standard platinum-based chemotherapy significantly improved survival rates in patients with low expression of VEGF-A165b.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ruiyao Xu, Xianxian Wang, Sadia Safi, Nico Braunegger, Agnes Hipgrave Ederveen, Michelle Rottmann, Joachim Wittbrodt, Manfred Wuhrer, Janine Wesslowski, Gary Davidson
Summary: Reception of Wnt signals is mediated by Frizzled receptors and a co-receptor LRP6 or LRP5. Precise control of receptor activation is crucial to regulate Wnt/beta-catenin signaling for proper cellular function. A glycosyltransferase B3GnT2-like has been identified to modify LRP6 and enhance Wnt/beta-catenin signaling. This study highlights the importance of LRP6 as a regulatory hub in Wnt signaling and provides insight into the selective targeting of a signaling pathway component by a specific glycosyltransferase.
Article
Oncology
Jeremy M. Drake, Benjamin J. Lang, Martin Eduardo Guerrero-Gimenez, Jack Bolton, Christopher A. Dow, Stuart K. Calderwood, John T. Price, Chau H. Nguyen
Summary: This research identifies a novel protein variant, EGR4-S, expressed in breast cancer but not in normal breast tissue. The expression of EGR4-S is influenced by targeted cancer therapeutics and reduced under conditions of molecular stress, which is associated with lower cellular growth but enhanced metastatic potential. Further investigation is needed to determine the potential of EGR4-S as a biomarker for differentiating tumors from normal tissue and its resistance to targeted therapies.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabio Da Silva, Kaiqing Zhang, Anneline Pinson, Edoardo Fatti, Michaela Wilsch-Braeuninger, Jessica Herbst, Valerie Vidal, Andreas Schedl, Wieland B. Huttner, Christof Niehrs
Summary: This study reveals the critical role of WNT/STOP signaling in mouse neocortex development, promoting neurogenesis by stabilizing neurogenic transcription factors Sox4 and Sox11 in basal progenitors during mitosis. The findings suggest that mitosis is a key phase for neural progenitor fate.
Editorial Material
Rheumatology
Sarah Onuora
Summary: New research has identified an autoinflammatory syndrome caused by mutations in NEMO-encoding IKBKG, leading to activation of NF-kappa B and production of type I interferon.
NATURE REVIEWS RHEUMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Javier E. Sierra-Pagan, Nikita Dsouza, Satyabrata Das, Thijs A. Larson, Jacob R. Sorensen, Xiao Ma, Patricia Stan, Erik J. Wanberg, Xiaozhong Shi, Mary G. Garry, Wuming Gong, Daniel J. Garry
Summary: FOXK1 is identified as a crucial transcriptional and epigenetic regulator of cardiovascular development by repressing the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway and promoting cardiac progenitor cell differentiation.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhaotong Cong, Fulai Zhou, Chao Zhang, Xinyu Zou, Huibing Zhang, Yuzhe Wang, Qingtong Zhou, Xiaoqing Cai, Qiaofeng Liu, Jie Li, Lijun Shao, Chunyou Mao, Xi Wang, Jihong Wu, Tian Xia, Li-Hua Zhao, Hualiang Jiang, Yan Zhang, H. Eric Xu, Xi Cheng, Dehua Yang, Ming-Wei Wang
Summary: The study found that a splice variant (SV1) of the human growth hormone-releasing hormone receptor is capable of transducing biased signal, selectively coupling to beta-arrestins while the main receptor activates Gs. Differences at the receptor N terminus lead to distinct downstream signaling pathways for GHRHR and SV1, with GHRHR predominantly activating Gs and SV1 selectively coupling to beta-arrestins.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kenon Chua, Arthur Yi Loong Sim, Eric Yew Meng Yeo, Muhammad Sufyan Bin Masroni, Wah Wah Naw, Sai Mun Leong, Kee Wah Lee, Huey Jin Lim, David M. Virshup, Victor Kwan Min Lee
Summary: There is an urgency to find new drugs for high-grade cancers like osteosarcomas, as current therapeutic options are limited. A PORCN inhibitor called ETC-159 has shown promise in clinical trials by inhibiting Wnt, a key driver in these tumors. In vivo and in vitro models demonstrated that ETC-159 reduces beta-catenin staining, increases tumor necrosis, and reduces vascularity, indicating a potential new treatment approach for osteosarcomas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hee-Kyung Park, Yun Hee Na, Huong Thi Nguyen, Lan Phuong Nguyen, Sunghoon Hurh, Jae Young Seong, Cheol Soon Lee, Byung-Joo Ham, Jong-Ik Hwang
Summary: CCR2A and CCR2B have different characteristics in terms of cell surface localization and internalization due to their different C-terminal intracellular loops. CCR2A has a stronger response to MCP-1 stimulation and may play an important role in solid cancer progression.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Rheumatology
Robert Phillips
Summary: New research reveals the association between one of the two main isoforms of human FOXP3 transcription factor and inflammatory transcriptional regulation as well as autoimmunity.
NATURE REVIEWS RHEUMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Shouwen Chen, Yuxin Gong, Shuxin Li, Dahai Yang, Yuanxing Zhang, Qin Liu
Summary: Pyroptosis, an inflammatory form of programmed cell death, plays a critical role in Hydra tissue regeneration by activating the Wnt signaling pathway. This discovery provides new insights into the functional diversification of the gasdermin family.
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)