Article
Cell Biology
Tomoko Ishikura, Hideaki Shiga, Yuka Nakamura, Takako Kanitani, Yasuhito Ishigaki, Takaki Miwa
Summary: This study aimed to determine whether nasally administered murine adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) could support olfactory regeneration in vivo. The results showed that ADSCs can promote the repair of olfactory epithelium damage and enhance olfactory perception. This finding indicates that nasally administered ADSCs secreting neurotrophic factors can stimulate the regeneration of olfactory epithelium, thereby improving odor aversion behavior in vivo.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Kourti, Danai Liaropoulou, Maria Paschou, Ioanna Giagklisi, Maria Paschalidi, Evangelia Petani, Panagiota Papazafiri
Summary: The loss of oxygen and glucose during cerebral ischemia can lead to neuronal death. Additionally, overactivation of excitatory receptors and Ca2+ overload can contribute to ischemic neuronal injury. Glucose deprivation was found to decrease HIF-1α levels but activate Akt in neuroblastoma cells. Calcium influx promptly triggered Akt activation, and restoration of glucose led to the recovery of calcium entry and p-Akt levels, highlighting the role of glucose homeostasis in neurologic disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandros Tsimpolis, Maria Kokkali, Aris Logothetis, Konstantinos Kalafatakis, Ioannis Charalampopoulos
Summary: Novel research studies have discovered complex interactions between glucocorticoid hormones and brain-derived neurotrophic factor, regulating crucial physiological processes in neuronal cells. This study investigated the acute effects of glucocorticoid stimulation on gene expression of BDNF and TrkB in astrocytes, revealing a biphasic response characterized by an initial rapid upregulation and subsequent downregulation of BDNF mRNA under the influence of glucocorticoid receptors. These findings demonstrate a rhythmic regulation of the neurotrophin system based on glucocorticoid levels, indicating the intricate trophic responses to temporal hormonal mechanisms in the brain microenvironment.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Muh-Shi Lin, I-Hsiang Chiu, Chai-Ching Lin
Summary: This study established a correlation between olfactory dysfunction, spinal cord injury (SCI), and neurodegenerative dementia, with impaired olfaction being considered a marker for neurodegeneration. SCI was found to lead to downregulation of olfactory receptor expression, neuroinflammation, reduced neural stem cell numbers, and inhibited neurotrophic factor production in the olfactory bulbs. Pathological changes induced by SCI in the olfactory bulb were mitigated by the administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Early pathological processes, including inflammatory response and impaired neurogenesis, were initiated by SCI.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yin Chen, Xiangning Ding, Shiyou Wang, Peiwen Ding, Zaoxu Xu, Jiankang Li, Mingyue Wang, Rong Xiang, Xiaoling Wang, Haoyu Wang, Qikai Feng, Jiaying Qiu, Feiyue Wang, Zhen Huang, Xingliang Zhang, Gen Tang, Shengping Tang
Summary: This study profiles the genome-wide chromatin accessibility of 9,549 single cells from the mouse olfactory bulb using single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin sequencing. The cells are classified into 21 clusters corresponding to 11 cell types based on single-cell epigenetic signatures. Distinct sets of putative regulatory elements specific to each cell cluster are identified, providing insights into the developmental fate of each cell lineage.
JOURNAL OF GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Sally A. Abuelezz, Nevien Hendawy
Summary: This study investigates the protective effects of CoQ10 against cognitive impairment induced by Scop and reveals its ability to inhibit oxidative stress, amyloid deposition, and modulate the PI3K/Akt/GSK-3 beta/CREB/BDNF/TrKB pathway.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna A. Cook, Sriram Jayabal, Jacky Sheng, Eviatar Fields, Tsz Chui Sophia Leung, Sabrina Quilez, Eileen McNicholas, Lois Lau, Shixia Huang, Alanna J. Watt
Summary: In a mouse model of SCA6, exercise and the TrkB agonist 7,8-DHF were found to increase cerebellar BDNF expression, improve motor coordination and cerebellar cell firing rate deficits, suggesting their potential as therapeutic interventions for SCA6.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Tabitha N. Rosenbalm, Nicole H. Levi, Michael J. Morykwas, William D. Wagner
Summary: In this study, bioresorbable materials capable of producing electric field gradients were developed to assess their impact on neuronal cell growth and migration. The results showed that the biphasic conductive composites can maintain nerve mechanical properties while promoting neuronal cell growth. Tubular conduits composed of these materials were found to be superior to silicone conduits for nerve repair.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Tian Jin, Yong Zhang, Benson O. A. Botchway, Jian Zhang, Ruihua Fan, Yufeng Zhang, Xuehong Liu
Summary: Curcumin has neuroprotective effects in Parkinson's disease by activating the BDNF and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, thereby delaying the progression of the disease.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leonardo Maciel, Dahienne Ferreira de Oliveira, Fernanda Mesquita, Hercules Antonio da Silva Souza, Leandro Oliveira, Michelle Lopes Araujo Christie, Fernando L. Palhano, Antonio Carlos Campos de Carvalho, Jose Hamilton Matheus Nascimento, Debora Foguel
Summary: CDNF is proposed as a new cardiomyokine that induces cardioprotection via KDEL receptor binding and PI3K/AKT activation. It has been shown to protect cardiomyocytes against endoplasmic reticulum stress and reduce ischemia/reperfusion injury in both in vitro and in vivo models.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanan H. Ahmed, Reham M. Essam, Muhammed F. El-Yamany, Kawkab A. Ahmed, Ayman E. El-Sahar
Summary: This study found that lactoferrin improves depressive behavior and biochemical abnormalities induced by chronic restraint stress in rats. Additionally, lactoferrin restores balance and plays an antidepressant role by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory cascades.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hao Liu, Haibin Dong, Chunxiao Wang, Wenjuan Jia, Guangqiang Wang, Hua Wang, Lin Zhong, Lei Gong
Summary: In this study, the effects of two mutations, M1 and M7, on the protective activity of CDNF in Parkinson's disease cell models were investigated. It was found that both M1 and M7 mutations promoted cell survival and inhibited apoptosis more effectively compared to the wild type. These findings contribute to our understanding of the regulation of neurotrophic factor functions.
DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Justin R. Siebert, Donna J. Osterhout
Summary: Axonal damage and interruption of neuronal pathways in the spinal cord contribute to loss of motor function after injury. The post-injury environment is hostile to repair, with inflammation and high expression of CSPGs. Neurotrophic factors like BDNF and GDNF promote neuronal survival and axonal growth, and may also have beneficial effects on endogenous oligodendroglial cells.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Mara A. Guzman-Ruiz, Amor Herrera-Gonzalez, Adriana Jimenez, Alan Candelas-Juarez, Crystal Quiroga-Lozano, Claudia Castillo-Diaz, Erika Orta-Salazar, Diana Organista-Juarez, Sofia Diaz-Cintra, Rosalinda Guevara-Guzman
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by cognitive impairment that develops into dementia, with Amyloid-beta accumulation being a hallmark. This study demonstrated that the adipokine Adiponectin has neuroprotective effects, particularly in preventing olfactory dysfunction induced by A beta in rats. These results suggest potential pharmacological therapies targeting APN to mitigate AD neurotoxic effects.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bamidele Richard Babatunde, Timileyin Adewumi Adeyeye, Victoria Funmilayo Johnson, Philemon Dauda Shallie
Summary: Parkinson's disease is characterized by both motor and non-motor symptoms. Olfactory deficit is one of the first established non-motor symptoms in PD, and caffeine has a potential therapeutic effect on improving this olfactory dysfunction.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL NEUROANATOMY
(2023)