Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Jungsoo Lee, Won Hyuk Chang, Yun-Hee Kim
Summary: Understanding the interaction between the corticospinal tract (CST) and corticocerebellar tract (CCT) can enhance the individualized rehabilitative strategies and predictive accuracy for stroke patients. The study found that the CCT was significantly associated with high CST FA, indicating a conditional role of CCT depending on CST status in upper extremity recovery after stroke.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mary Alice Saltao da Silva, Nathan Allen Baune, Samir Belagaje, Michael R. Borich
Summary: This study found that clinical MRI-derived CST lesion overlap was associated with PUE motor outcome post-stroke, particularly with cortical projections from non-M1 cortical areas such as ventral premotor (PMv) and dorsal premotor (PMd) cortices. Using clinical MRI metrics alone or in combination with clinical measures accurately identified recovery outcome categories in post-stroke patients, suggesting potential predictive utility of including clinical imaging-based biomarkers of white matter tract structural integrity in models of post-stroke recovery.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kaori L. Ito, Bokkyu Kim, Jingchun Liu, Surjo R. Soekadar, Carolee Winstein, Chunshui Yu, Steven C. Cramer, Nicolas Schweighofer, Sook-Lei Liew
Summary: This retrospective study found that evaluating CST-LL from additional motor origins, such as the ventral premotor cortex, is more strongly associated with post-stroke motor severity than using CST-LL originating from primary motor cortex alone. This suggests that higher order motor regions add clinical relevance to motor impairment.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yuanhao Li, Su Yan, Guiling Zhang, Nanxi Shen, Di Wu, Jun Lu, Yiran Zhou, Yufei Liu, Hongquan Zhu, Li Li, Shun Zhang, Wenzhen Zhu
Summary: A novel method was used to evaluate the prognostic value of corticospinal tract (CST) injury in patients with ischemic stroke. The results showed that this method is effective in assessing CST injury and predicting functional outcomes for patients.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yeun Jie Yoo, So Yeon Jun, Eun Jin Park, Youngkook Kim
Summary: This study aimed to determine the measurement accuracy of the structural integrity of the corticospinal tract (CST) using diffusion tensor imaging. The results showed that the structural integrity measurements at the pontomedullary junction or entire CST demonstrated the highest accuracy in the subacute phase of stroke for assessing upper limb function.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Weiming Zhu, Shizhe Deng, Hailun Jiang, Jieying Zhang, Boxuan Li, Qingqing Jia, Zhihong Meng
Summary: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of acupuncture in improving motor dysfunction after ischemic stroke (IS) and its effect on corticospinal tract (CST) remodeling. The results showed that acupuncture significantly improved patients' motor functions and promoted CST remodeling. However, more standardized and high-quality clinical trials are needed to further validate these findings.
Article
Neurosciences
Tokiharu Sato, Yuka Nakamura, Akinori Takeda, Masaki Ueno
Summary: The study found that after stroke, remaining contralesional motor and sensory CST axons crossed the midline and sprouted into the denervated side of the cervical spinal cord in a large cortical area. However, in smaller strokes, contralesional CST fibers did not sprout, while ipsilesional axons from spared motor areas grew on the denervated side. The research also showed that motor and sensory CST axons did not innervate the projecting areas mutually when either one was injured.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
XiaoQing Cheng, Hang Wu, JiaQian Shi, Zheng Dong, Jia Liu, ChangSheng Zhou, QuanHui Liu, XiaoQin Su, Zhao Shi, YingLe Li, LuLu Xiao, WuSheng Zhu, GuangMing Lu
Summary: The study found that using CT-ASPECTS-NWU to predict stroke onset time has a certain degree of accuracy, with a higher ability to determine patients with stroke onset to CT time within 4.5 and 6 hours.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Muyul Park, Yejin Cho, Dae Hyun Kim, Hyun Seok Choi, Dong-Hyun Kim, Deog Young Kim
Summary: MWI was used to monitor myelin content changes during rehabilitation in stroke patients, showing significant changes in MWF in the CST. Robot-assisted rehabilitation resulted in a significantly larger MWF change compared to conventional rehabilitation.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yue Qin, Xin Li, Yanqiang Qiao, Huili Zou, Yifan Qian, Xiaoshi Li, Yinhu Zhu, Wenli Huo, Lei Wang, Ming Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between brain glymphatic activity and motor dysfunction in subacute ischemic stroke (IS) patients using diffusion tensor image analysis. The results showed that glymphatic dysfunction is involved in subacute IS, and the DTI-ALPS index could be a potential magnetic resonance biomarker of motor dysfunction in subacute IS patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ulrike Hammerbeck, Sarah F. Tyson, Prawin Samraj, Kristen Hollands, John W. Krakauer, John Rothwell
Summary: In sub-acute stroke patients, the degree of ipsilesional corticospinal tract (CST) connectivity is the main determinant of proximal dexterity, upper-limb strength, and synergy expression, unaffected by contralesional reticulospinal tract (RST) connectivity; training can improve planar reaching skill, while strength, synergy, and skill-acquisition are not affected by RST connectivity.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Myriam Taga, Charalambos C. Charalambous, Sharmila Raju, Jing Lin, Yian Zhang, Elisa Stern, Heidi M. Schambra
Summary: The study examined the innervation patterns and connection strength of the corticoreticulospinal tract (CReST) to upper limb muscles in healthy individuals and stroke patients. Results showed stronger connections to the hand in healthy subjects and to the arm in stroke patients. This suggests a key role of CReST in upper limb motor function and recovery in humans.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jingchun Liu, Caihong Wang, Wen Qin, Jun Guo, Tong Han, Jingliang Cheng, Chunshui Yu
Summary: Subcortical stroke leads to structural changes in multiple areas of the cerebral cortex. The location of the lesion affects the pattern of cortical thickness changes. Motor outcomes and impairment of the corticospinal tract are correlated with cortical thickness in specific gyri. The longitudinal dataset shows gradual changes in cortical thickness and area in regions with structural reorganization.
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Neuroimaging
Charley W. Lafe, Fang Liu, Tyler W. Simpson, Chan Hong Moon, Jennifer L. Collinger, George F. Wittenberg, Michael A. Urbin
Summary: Stability of precision grip depends on the ability to regulate forces applied by the digits. Increased frequency composition and temporal irregularity of oscillations in the force signal are associated with enhanced force stability. The ability to modulate force oscillations at higher frequencies is explained, at least in part, by residual CST volume in stroke survivors.
NEUROIMAGE-CLINICAL
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Wenfei Sheng, Shijue Li, Jiangli Zhao, Yujia Wang, Zichong Luo, Wai Leung Ambrose Lo, Minghui Ding, Chuhuai Wang, Le Li
Summary: This study investigated the correlation between increased muscle co-contraction and corticospinal tract function in stroke survivors. The results showed that there was increased muscle co-contraction and impairment in CST functionality on the affected side of stroke survivors.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Sook-Lei Liew, Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu, Neda Jahanshad, Catherine E. Lang, Kathryn S. Hayward, Keith R. Lohse, Julia M. Juliano, Francesca Assogna, Lee A. Baugh, Anup K. Bhattacharya, Bavrina Bigjahan, Michael R. Borich, Lara A. Boyd, Amy Brodtmann, Cathrin M. Buetefisch, Winston D. Byblow, Jessica M. Cassidy, Adriana B. Conforto, R. Cameron Craddock, Michael A. Dimyan, Adrienne N. Dula, Elsa Ermer, Mark R. Etherton, Kelene A. Fercho, Chris M. Gregory, Shahram Hadidchi, Jess A. Holguin, Darryl H. Hwang, Simon Jung, Steven A. Kautz, Mohamed Salah Khlif, Nima Khoshab, Bokkyu Kim, Hosung Kim, Amy Kuceyeski, Martin Lotze, Bradley J. MacIntosh, John L. Margetis, Feroze B. Mohamed, Fabrizio Piras, Ander Ramos-Murguialday, Genevieve Richard, Pamela Roberts, Andrew D. Robertson, Jane M. Rondina, Natalia S. Rost, Nerses Sanossian, Nicolas Schweighofer, Na Jin Seo, Mark S. Shiroishi, Surjo R. Soekadar, Gianfranco Spalletta, Cathy M. Stinear, Anisha Suri, Wai Kwong W. Tang, Gregory T. Thielman, Daniela Vecchio, Arno Villringer, Nick S. Ward, Emilio Werden, Lars T. Westlye, Carolee Winstein, George F. Wittenberg, Kristin A. Wong, Chunshui Yu, Steven C. Cramer, Paul M. Thompson
Summary: The ENIGMA Stroke Recovery working group aims to understand the relationship between brain and behavior using meta- and mega-analytic approaches. They have developed neuroinformatics protocols and methods to manage large-scale data from over 2,100 stroke patients. The challenges and recommendations for data harmonization in stroke research are discussed.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Lydia G. Brough, Steven A. Kautz, Richard R. Neptune
Summary: This study aimed to determine the underlying causes of propulsion, leg swing initiation, and knee flexion deficits in individuals post-stroke. The results emphasize the multiple causes of propulsion asymmetry in individuals post-stroke, highlighting the need for more effective rehabilitation strategies. Individual causes of propulsion and knee flexion deficits need to be identified for designing better rehabilitation strategies.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kimberly S. Erler, Rui Wu, Julie A. DiCarlo, Marina F. Petrilli, Perman Gochyyev, Leigh R. Hochberg, Steven A. Kautz, Lee H. Schwamm, Steven C. Cramer, Seth P. Finklestein, David J. Lin
Summary: This study found that the mRS is related to domain-specific outcomes after stroke, confirming its established value in stroke trials. However, it does not precisely distinguish differences in impairment and function, nor does it sufficiently capture meaningful clinical changes across impairment, activities of daily living status, and mobility. These findings underscore the potential utility of incorporating detailed phenotypic measures along with the mRS in future stroke trials.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Zafer Keser, Wuwei Feng
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Artemis Zavaliangos-Petropulu, Bethany Lo, Miranda R. Donnelly, Nicolas Schweighofer, Keith Lohse, Neda Jahanshad, Giuseppe Barisano, Nerisa Banaj, Michael R. Borich, Lara A. Boyd, Cathrin M. Buetefisch, Winston D. Byblow, Jessica M. Cassidy, Charalambos C. Charalambous, Adriana B. Conforto, Julie A. DiCarlo, Adrienne N. Dula, Natalia Egorova-Brumley, Mark R. Etherton, Wuwei Feng, Kelene A. Fercho, Fatemeh Geranmayeh, Colleen A. Hanlon, Kathryn S. Hayward, Brenton Hordacre, Steven A. Kautz, Mohamed Salah Khlif, Hosung Kim, Amy Kuceyeski, David J. Lin, Jingchun Liu, Martin Lotze, Bradley J. MacIntosh, John L. Margetis, Feroze B. Mohamed, Fabrizio Piras, Ander Ramos-Murguialday, Kate P. Revill, Pamela S. Roberts, Andrew D. Robertson, Heidi M. Schambra, Na Jin Seo, Mark S. Shiroishi, Cathy M. Stinear, Surjo R. Soekadar, Gianfranco Spalletta, Myriam Taga, Wai Kwong Tang, Gregory T. Thielman, Daniela Vecchio, Nick S. Ward, Lars T. Westlye, Emilio Werden, Carolee Winstein, George F. Wittenberg, Steven L. Wolf, Kristin A. Wong, Chunshui Yu, Amy Brodtmann, Steven C. Cramer, Paul M. Thompson, Sook-Lei Liew
Summary: This study identified novel associations between chronic poststroke sensorimotor impairments and ipsilesional hippocampal volume, which may be stronger in women.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Bryant A. Seamon, Steven A. Kautz, Mark G. Bowden, Craig A. Velozo
Summary: Interpreting change is an important part of clinical decision making for physical therapists. The traditional approach of minimal detectable change (MDC) assumes equal measurement error across a scale, limiting its applicability to sample characteristics. In contrast, item response theory (IRT) calculates separate estimates of measurement error and generates conditional minimal detectable change (cMDC) values, allowing for personalized interpretation of change scores and preventing misclassification.
Article
Neurosciences
Shraddha Srivastava, Bryant A. Seamon, Carolynn Patten, Steven A. Kautz
Summary: We evaluated the effects of locomotor training parameters on muscle activity in individuals with chronic stroke. Increased body weight support improved muscle activity patterns, but increased speed had negative effects on plantar flexor activity. Different therapist-assisted conditions resulted in changes in muscle activation patterns during different phases of gait.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Dylan Ryan, Tarun Girotra, Wuwei Feng
Summary: Stroke is a complex vascular disease that causes disability and is a significant problem in the United States. It can be caused by ischemia or hemorrhage, and determining the cause and implementing prevention strategies are crucial for preserving brain function and preventing recurrent strokes. This review provides an overview of the available medical evidence regarding treatment options for ischemic, hemorrhagic, or venous stroke patients, including the use of left atrial appendage closure.
CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS-DRUG TARGETS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Wuwei Feng, Ela B. Plow, Nam-Jong Paik
Review
Clinical Neurology
Deborah Rose, Annie Cavalier, Wayneho Kam, Sarah Cantrell, Jay Lusk, Matthew Schrag, Shadi Yaghi, Christoph Stretz, Adam de Havenon, Ian J. Saldanha, Teddy Y. Wu, Anna Ranta, P. Alan Barber, Elizabeth Marriott, Wayne Feng, Andrzej S. Kosinski, Daniel Laskowitz, Sven Poli, Brian Mac Grory
Summary: This study compared the risk of treatment complications between intravenous tenecteplase and alteplase in acute ischemic stroke. It found that the risks of complications were generally comparable between the two agents in medium- and low-dose tiers.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Claudia A. A. Salazar, Wuwei Feng, Leonardo Bonilha, Steven Kautz, Jens H. H. Jensen, Mark S. S. George, Nathan C. Rowland
Summary: During rehabilitation, transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) can be used to prime the motor system of stroke patients and potentially enhance therapy outcomes. However, the efficacy of tDCS varies among patients, which may be influenced by factors such as cortical infarct regions, motor tract injury, and connectivity changes. Neuroimaging techniques are needed to quantify these factors and understand the impact on tDCS delivery. This review summarizes the development of tDCS for stroke from a neuroimaging perspective and discusses potential strategies for personalized tDCS based on anatomy, connectivity, and brain activation dynamics.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Salman Ikramuddin, Shimeng Liu, Dylan Ryan, Sara Hassani, David Hasan, Wuwei Feng
Summary: Cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) is a devastating vascular malformation affecting the central nervous system. There is currently no effective evidence-based preventive regimen for CCM. Studies have explored the potential mechanisms and benefits of beta-blockers in the treatment of CCM, but a meta-analysis did not find a statistically significant protective effect of beta-blockers in preventing intracerebral hemorrhage or focal neurologic deficits in CCM patients. The lack of high quality clinical trials is partially due to limited CCM cases, and addressing this gap may require international collaborative efforts.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Zafer Keser, Salman Ikramuddin, Shashank Shekhar, Wuwei Feng
Summary: Adjunctive neuromodulation is a promising approach in stroke recovery, with techniques such as rTMS and tDCS showing potential for enhancing motor recovery. However, larger-scale trials are needed to confirm their efficacy. MRI-guided tDCS has shown promise in post-stroke aphasia recovery, and inhibitory rTMS may be a viable option for motor recovery. Vagal nerve stimulation has received FDA approval for enhancing upper limb motor recovery in chronic ischemic stroke, while further research is needed for epidural stimulation and deep brain stimulation.
CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jesse Dawson, Navzer D. Engineer, Steven C. Cramer, Steven L. Wolf, Rushna Ali, Michael W. O'Dell, David Pierce, Cecilia N. Prudente, Jessica Redgrave, Wuwei Feng, Charles Y. Liu, Gerard E. Francisco, Benjamin L. Brown, Anand Dixit, Jen Alexander, Louis DeMark, Vibor Krishna, Steven A. Kautz, Arshad Majid, Brent Tarver, Duncan L. Turner, Teresa J. Kimberley
Summary: In people with chronic arm weakness after stroke, Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) paired with rehabilitation showed consistent improvement in upper extremity impairment and function, regardless of age or severity of injury.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2023)
