Article
Environmental Sciences
A. Casans, F. Rejano, J. Maldonado-Valderrama, J. A. Casquero-Vera, S. Ruiz-Penuela, B. L. van Drooge, H. Lyamani, A. Cazorla, E. Andrews, Jack J. Lin, F. Mirza-Montoro, D. Perez-Ramirez, F. J. Olmo, L. Alados-Arboledas, P. Carinanos, G. Titos
Summary: This study investigates the ability of subpollen particles (SPPs) from 10 Mediterranean-climate pollen types to act as cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and their organic composition. The results show that all studied SPP samples exhibit atmospherically relevant conditions for CCN activation. There are substantial variations in organic speciation and protein content among different pollen types. However, no clear relationship between SPP activation and its organic composition is observed.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jesse C. Anderson, Payton Beeler, Mikhail Ovchinnikov, Will Cantrell, Steven Krueger, Raymond A. Shaw, Fan Yang, Laura Fierce
Summary: The effect of aerosols on cloud properties is a major source of uncertainty in weather and climate predictions. Small-scale turbulent fluctuations play a crucial role in cloud droplet formation and can lead to errors in models without considering them.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Tao Huang, Yannian Zhu, Daniel Rosenfeld, Yuanjian Yang, David H. Y. Lam, W. H. Leung, Harry F. Lee, Jack C. H. Cheng, Steve H. L. Yim
Summary: The regime dependence of aerosol-cloud interaction has been explored through idealized cloud-resolving models and observations. The activation of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) is limited by particle numbers in clean conditions, while updraft velocities play a crucial role in polluted regimes. Warm rain suppression is significantly enhanced over inland areas. These findings are supported by satellite retrievals and LiDAR observations.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Minghua Liang, Jiangchuan Tao, Nan Ma, Ye Kuang, Yanyan Zhang, Sen Wu, Xuejuan Jiang, Yao He, Chunrong Chen, Wenda Yang, Yaqing Zhou, Peng Cheng, Wanyun Xu, Juan Hong, Qiaoqiao Wang, Chunsheng Zhao, Guangsheng Zhou, Yele Sun, Qiang Zhang, Hang Su, Yafang Cheng
Summary: This study utilized the random forest model to predict CCN spectral parameters using observational data from four campaigns in the North China Plain, investigating the impact of aerosol chemical and optical properties on the estimation of CCN spectra.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yongyang Su, Guanyi Wei, Wei Wang, Ruiyang Xi, Xi Wang, Jiang Xu, Zhiming Li
Summary: This study evaluates the analytical performance of the commercial Hexin Single particle aerosol mass spectrometer (SPAMS) and extends its application. A universal method for particle size calibration, measurement, and correction is proposed, and isotope measurement is performed. The results show that the achieved accuracy of the isotope ratio for the elements investigated is 5%, and the instrument performance is relatively poor for elements with high ionization potential or bond energy. Additionally, the analysis of suspension particles confirms the effectiveness of the instrument and provides valuable information.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yvette Gramlich, Karolina Siegel, Sophie L. Haslett, Gabriel Freitas, Radovan Krejci, Paul Zieger, Claudia Mohr
Summary: This study investigates the relationship between the chemical composition of cloud residuals and aerosol particles. The results show that cloud residuals contain organic compounds, inorganic acids, and methanesulfonic acid. The findings suggest that most aerosols can act as seeds for low-level clouds in the Arctic.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zihao Wu, Yue Ke, Ankang Liu, Honglei Wang, Yan Yin, Zhongxiu Zhen, Yuanyuan Li, Bin Li, Kui Chen, Jing Yang, Xioqin Jing, Jun Yang, Qian Chen, Lijuan Shen, Sihan Liu
Summary: Based on the data collected from August 4th to 25th, 2019, it was found that new particle formation (NPF) events have a significant impact on cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentration. NPF events usually occurred from 13:00 to 17:00 and had different effects on the number concentrations of different particle modes. Meteorological conditions with temperature higher than 20 degrees C, air pressure lower than 806 hPa, relative humidity lower than 40%, and wind speed higher than 2.2 m/s favored the occurrence of NPF events. NPF events also affected the mass concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs).
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Brianna N. Hendrickson, Sarah D. Brooks, Daniel C. O. Thornton, Richard H. Moore, Ewan Crosbie, Luke D. Ziemba, Craig A. Carlson, Nicholas Baetge, Jessica A. Mirrielees, Alyssa N. Alsante
Summary: The study suggests that sea salt in marine aerosols is the key factor driving cloud formation potential, while organic material from ocean surface waters has minimal impact on the cloud condensation nuclei properties of aerosols. The cloud formation potential of mixed organic and sea salt marine aerosols will be slightly weakened or remain unchanged compared to sea spray aerosols.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gordon A. Novak, Charles H. Fite, Christopher D. Holmes, Patrick R. Veres, J. Andrew Neuman, Ian Faloona, Joel A. Thornton, Glenn M. Wolfe, Michael P. Vermeuel, Christopher M. Jernigan, Jeff Peischl, Thomas B. Ryerson, Chelsea R. Thompson, Ilann Bourgeois, Carsten Warneke, Georgios Gkatzelis, Mathew M. Coggon, Kanako Sekimoto, T. Paul Bui, Jonathan Dean-Day, Glenn S. Diskin, Joshua P. DiGangi, John B. Nowak, Richard H. Moore, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Edward L. Winstead, Claire Robinson, K. Lee Thornhill, Kevin J. Sanchez, Samuel R. Hall, Kirk Ullmann, Maximilian Dollner, Bernadett Weinzierl, Donald R. Blake, Timothy H. Bertram
Summary: This study reveals that the oxidation of DMS in the marine atmosphere is reduced by cloud loss, affecting the generation of sulfur aerosols and altering the dynamics of marine aerosols, ultimately impacting cloud formation, radiative forcing, and climate.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nemanja Kovacevic
Summary: This study investigates the impact of the mean radius of the aerosol spectrum on surface precipitation. Increasing the mean radius of aerosol particles leads to a wider precipitation area and higher amounts of rain and hail on the ground.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Hiroshi Furutani, Kana Kato, Teruo Hinoue, Takashi Kimoto, Michisato Toyoda
Summary: To analyze aqueous samples using mass spectrometry, we have developed a new technique called aeromicelle (AM) which uses liquid droplets to deliver aqueous sample solutions directly into a mass spectrometer in the vacuum region. The liquid droplets are generated by spraying an aqueous solution with a low concentration of surfactant, which gradually dries and forms a surface covered in surfactant molecules. The AMs remained in liquid form for at least 100 seconds in air and allowed for mass analysis even under vacuum conditions. This technique was successfully applied to analyze CsCl and tyrosine in aqueous solutions.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Konstantinos Matthaios Doulgeris, Ville Vakkari, Ewan J. O'Connor, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Heikki Lihavainen, David Brus
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different long-range transport air masses on the microphysical properties of low-level clouds in a clean subarctic environment. Cloud measurements were conducted using ground-based techniques during eight Pallas Cloud Experiments (PaCEs) between 2004 and 2019. The analysis revealed clear differences in cloud microphysical properties for different air mass source regions. The Arctic air masses had low liquid water content (LWC), low cloud droplet number concentration (Nc), and larger droplet diameter compared to other regions.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marios Chatziparaschos, Nikos Daskalakis, Stelios Myriokefalitakis, Nikos Kalivitis, Athanasios Nenes, Maria Goncalves Ageitos, Montserrat Costa-Suros, Carlos Perez Garcia-Pando, Medea Zanoli, Mihalis Vrekoussis, Maria Kanakidou
Summary: Ice-nucleating particles (INPs) have a significant impact on cloud properties, lifetimes, and precipitation rates. While potassium-containing feldspar (K-feldspar) is known to be an important INP, quartz, which is more abundant in atmospheric dust, may also contribute significantly. This study shows that quartz affects low-level and high-level mixed-phase clouds and should be included in climate models along with K-feldspar.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kaori Kawana, Yuzo Miyazaki, Yuko Omori, Hiroshi Tanimoto, Sara Kagami, Koji Suzuki, Youhei Yamashita, Jun Nishioka, Yange Deng, Hikari Yai, Michihiro Mochida
Summary: This study conducted a cruise observation in the western North Pacific to characterize atmospheric aerosols and gaseous air/seawater compounds. The results showed high variability in size distribution and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of aerosols from different sources.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bin Zhao, Jerome D. Fast, Neil M. Donahue, Manish Shrivastava, Meredith Schervish, John E. Shilling, Hamish Gordon, Jian Wang, Yang Gao, Rahul A. Zaveri, Ying Liu, Brian Gaudet
Summary: The study found that urban pollution can increase particle number concentration in the downwind region by 5-25 times, with new particle formation (NPF) mechanisms contributing over 70% of particle number in that region. Among various NPF mechanisms, ternary NPF involving organics and sulfuric acid overwhelmingly dominates.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Raju R. Kumal, Jiawei Liu, Akshay Gharpure, Randy L. Vander Wal, John S. Kinsey, Bob Giannelli, Jeffrey Stevens, Cullen Leggett, Robert Howard, Mary Forde, Alla Zelenyuk, Kaitlyn Suski, Greg Payne, Julien Manin, William Bachalo, Richard Frazee, Timothy B. Onasch, Andrew Freedman, David B. Kittelson, Jacob J. Swanson
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Adam C. Varble, Stephen W. Nesbitt, Paola Salio, Joseph C. Hardin, Nitin Bharadwaj, Paloma Borque, Paul J. DeMott, Zhe Feng, Thomas C. J. Hill, James N. Marquis, Alyssa Matthews, Fan Mei, Rusen Oktem, Vagner Castro, Lexie Goldberger, Alexis Hunzinger, Kevin R. Barry, Sonia M. Kreidenweis, Greg M. McFarquhar, Lynn A. McMurdie, Mikhail Pekour, Heath Powers, David M. Romps, Celeste Saulo, Beat Schmid, Jason M. Tomlinson, Susan C. van den Heever, Alla Zelenyuk, Zhixiao Zhang, Edward J. Zipser
Summary: The CACTI field campaign aimed to improve understanding of orographic cloud life cycles in relation to surrounding atmospheric thermodynamic, flow, and aerosol conditions. Conducted in the Sierras de Cordoba range in north-central Argentina, the campaign collected comprehensive datasets, providing new opportunities to study orographic cloud evolution and interactions with meteorological conditions, aerosols, surface conditions, and radiation in mountainous terrain.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Spectroscopy
Kaitlyn J. Suski, David M. Bell, Matt K. Newburn, M. Liz Alexander, Dan Imre, David W. Koppenaal, Alla Zelenyuk
Summary: Laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry is a powerful technique for trace element analysis of solid samples, but its full quantitative capability is limited by the complex relationships between various factors. Altering laser ablation conditions can effectively change the physicochemical properties of LA-generated particles and improve the understanding of their impact on corresponding ICPMS signals. This multidimensional particle characterization approach can comprehensively study LA-generated particles and their effects on ICPMS signals, with potential for extension to other samples and laser wavelengths.
SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART B-ATOMIC SPECTROSCOPY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Emma L. D'Ambro, Noora Hyttinen, Kristian H. Moller, Siddharth Iyer, Rasmus Otkjaer, David M. Bell, Jiumeng Liu, Felipe D. Lopez-Hilfiker, Siegfried Schobesberger, John E. Shilling, Alla Zelenyuk, Henrik G. Kjaergaard, Joel A. Thornton, Theo Kurten
Summary: This study presents chamber-based measurements of Delta 3-carene oxidation products and develops an oxidation mechanism based on computational methods. The research shows the presence of highly oxidized organic molecules during Delta 3-carene oxidation, and highlights the importance of alkoxy bond scission and hydrogen abstraction from methyl groups in HOM formation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yingxue Yu, Henry Y. Sintim, Anton F. Astner, Douglas G. Hayes, Andrew Bary, Alla Zelenyuk, Odeta Qafoku, Libor Kovarik, Markus Flury
Summary: Biodegradable plastics can effectively degrade when disposed of correctly, reducing plastic pollution. However, during degradation, additives can be released into the environment. This study found that during composting, biodegradable plastic mulch released TiO2 particles, which showed different transport behaviors in soil and sand columns. The mobility of these particles was enhanced by humic acid present in the compost residues.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rahul A. Zaveri, Jian Wang, Jiwen Fan, Yuwei Zhang, John E. Shilling, Alla Zelenyuk, Fan Mei, Rob Newsom, Mikhail Pekour, Jason Tomlinson, Jennifer M. Comstock, Manish Shrivastava, Edward Fortner, Luiz A. T. Machado, Paulo Artaxo, Scot T. Martin
Summary: This study presents aircraft observations of rapid growth of anthropogenic nanoparticles downwind of an isolated metropolis in the Amazon rainforest. Model analysis suggests that the sustained particle growth to cloud condensation nuclei sizes is mainly caused by particle-phase diffusion-limited partitioning of semivolatile oxidation products of biogenic hydrocarbons. Cloud-resolving numerical simulations show that the increased cloud condensation nuclei concentrations in the urban plume significantly alter cloud formation and precipitation, suggesting an appreciable impact of anthropogenic aerosols on cloud life cycle in previously unpolluted forests of the world.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manish Shrivastava, Quazi Z. Rasool, Bin Zhao, Mega Octaviani, Rahul A. Zaveri, Alla Zelenyuk, Brian Gaudet, Ying Liu, John E. Shilling, Johannes Schneider, Christiane Schulz, Martin Zoeger, Scot T. Martin, Jianhuai Ye, Alex Guenther, Rodrigo F. Souza, Manfred Wendisch, Ulrich Poeschl
Summary: Combining aircraft measurements and model simulations, this study reveals the important role of in-plant biochemistry in fine particulate formation and atmosphere-biosphere- climate interactions over the Amazon rainforest. The study shows that direct emissions of certain gases formed by in-plant biochemical reactions explain a significant portion of sub-micrometer aerosol particles in the upper troposphere.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Matthew A. Brege, Swarup China, Simeon Schum, Alla Zelenyuk, Lynn R. Mazzoleni
Summary: Biomass burning emits carbonaceous particles into the atmosphere, including tar balls which are highly complex in molecular composition with over 10,000 molecular formulas. The molecular complexity of tar balls may have negative impacts on the environment and human health, and has significant implications for characterizing atmospheric organic matter. Multiple analytical methods may be necessary to adequately interpret this complexity on a molecular level.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mega Octaviani, Manish Shrivastava, Rahul A. Zaveri, Alla Zelenyuk, Yue Zhang, Quazi Z. Rasool, David M. Bell, Matthieu Riva, Marianne Glasius, Jason D. Surratt
Summary: The study evaluates mechanistic IEPOX-SOA models through controlled experiments, finding that IEPOX multiphase chemistry can increase particle size and concentration, while the model can also predict particle number and diameter at the end of the experiment.
ACS EARTH AND SPACE CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Gourihar Kulkarni, Fan Mei, John E. Shilling, Jian Wang, Renato Pinto Reveggino, Connor Flynn, Alla Zelenyuk, Jerome Fast
Summary: In this study, airborne measurements were conducted to analyze the bulk aerosol chemical composition, size distribution, and cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) during a field campaign in 2016. A closure study was performed to compare measured CCN concentrations with predicted CCN concentrations, using different assumptions about aerosol mixing state and hygroscopicity. The results showed that under certain conditions, it is possible to predict CCN concentrations based on measured data, providing important constraints for CCN prediction.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Elizabeth J. J. Kautz, Mark C. C. Phillips, Prasoon K. K. Diwakar, Alla Zelenyuk, Sivanandan S. S. Harilal
Summary: The kinetics of ion and neutral atom emissions in nanosecond laser-produced plasmas were investigated for different metal targets and an alloy. It was found that the most probable velocities of ions and atoms decrease with increasing atomic mass. The velocities of ions from the alloy target represent a weighted average of all ions. Both ions and atoms exhibit decreased velocities with increasing heat of vaporization and melting temperature. The kinetic energies of neutral atoms from pure metal targets have some variability with atomic mass, whereas those from the alloy target are more similar, possibly due to collisions between species in the Knudsen layer.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ana C. Morales, Brianna N. Peterson, Steven A. L. Sharpe, Shelby M. Huston, Jay M. Tomlin, Felipe A. Rivera-Adorno, Ryan C. Moffet, Alla Zelenyuk, Alexander Laskin
Summary: This study presents an in-depth characterization of highly viscous particles using multiple single-particle measurement techniques. The results obtained through oil immersion flow microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, soft X-ray spectro-microscopy, and high-throughput single particle mass spectrometry provide comprehensive descriptions of the particles, including their size distributions, composition, and morphological metrics. This study is of great importance for the advancement of aerosol measurement science and technology.
AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Elizabeth J. Kautz, Alla Zelenyuk, Bharat Gwalani, Matthew J. Olszta, Mark C. Phillips, Manuel J. Manard, Clare W. Kimblin, Sivanandan S. Harilal
Summary: The role of ambient oxygen gas in laser ablation plumes on molecular and nanoparticle formation and agglomeration was studied. The presence of O2 impacts the emission spectra, cluster size, and agglomeration behavior of nanoparticles. These findings are important in understanding debris formation in an explosion event.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Elizabeth J. Kautz, Alla Zelenyuk, Bharat Gwalani, Mark C. Phillips, Sivanandan S. Harilal
Summary: This study investigates the evolution from gas-phase oxidation to nanoparticle and agglomerate formation in nanosecond laser-produced plasmas of a multi-principal element alloy target. The results highlight the importance of the target composition in the formation of gas-phase molecules, as well as the morphology, composition, and structure of nanoparticles and agglomerates formed.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Elizabeth J. Kautz, Mark C. Phillips, Alla Zelenyuk, Sivanandan S. Harilal
Summary: The temporal evolution of atoms and molecules in a laser-produced plasma from metal targets was investigated using optical emission spectroscopy. The results showed that the partial pressure of O-2 strongly influences spectral features and molecular formation in laser-produced plasmas.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2022)
