Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
A. Lehner, K. Staub, L. Aldakak, P. Eppenberger, F. Ruehli, Robert D. Martin, N. Bender
Summary: The study found no significant association between DHA/EPA supplementation and cognitive performance of children born to pregnant and/or breastfeeding women who consumed fish oil supplements.
Article
Cell Biology
Jing Chen, Esther A. Zaal, Celia R. Berkers, Rob Ruijtenbeek, Johan Garssen, Frank A. Redegeld
Summary: The study demonstrates that pretreating MM cells with DHA/EPA before bortezomib significantly enhances chemosensitivity by decreasing GSH levels and altering metabolism, highlighting the role of GSH degradation in overcoming drug resistance. RNA-seq results suggest the NRF2-ATF3/4-CHAC1 signaling pathway as central in GSH degradation and indicate potential connections to various pathways contributing to the tumor suppressive effect. The findings implicate GSH degradation as a promising therapeutic target in MM and provide new insights into combating bortezomib resistance.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Arti Kumari, Sunil Pabbi, Aruna Tyagi
Summary: Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA, are essential for human health and must be obtained through diet or supplementation. Traditional sources include vegetable oils and fish, but concerns about sustainability and contamination have led to the exploration of alternative sources, such as microalgae. This review discusses strategies for enhancing EPA and DHA production in microalgae, including strain selection, cultivation optimization, and genetic engineering. These approaches pave the way for large-scale production of EPA and DHA to promote human health.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Marina Ivanisevic, Marina Horvaticek, Karlo Delmis, Josip Delmis
Summary: This study found that supplementation with DHA and EPA in pregnant women with type 1 diabetes can increase the concentration and proportions of n-3 PUFAs in maternal and fetal blood, while decreasing the proportion of n-6 PUFAs.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ajeet Singh Chauhan, Anil Kumar Patel, Chiu-Wen Chen, Jo-Shu Chang, Philippe Michaud, Cheng-Di Dong, Reeta Rani Singhania
Summary: Considering the increasing health concerns, urban population tends to adopt a healthy lifestyle and incorporate nutritional food supplements to mitigate common health risks. The consumption of omega-3 and omega-6 PUFAs is on the rise, thus alternative commercial production methods are being developed. Microbial sources are emerging platforms to meet the global demand for omega PUFAs. Marine oleaginous protist Aurantiochytrium sp. has been identified as a potential source for substantial production of DHA and SFA. The objective of this research was to enhance PUFA yield by optimizing glucose concentration and nitrogen ratio. The maximum lipid and DHA yield and content were achieved at 30 g/L glucose, while the relative PUFA content was highest at 10 g/L glucose, with remaining SFA potentially usable for biodiesel.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emanuela Talamonti, Anders Jacobsson, Valerio Chiurchiu
Summary: Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, especially docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), play important roles in various biological processes and have numerous health benefits. Deficiency in Elovl2, a key enzyme involved in DHA synthesis, leads to decreased DHA levels, increased brain inflammation, and heightened pro-inflammatory responses in T lymphocytes. Additionally, DHA deficiency affects the interaction between dendritic cells (DC) and T cells. Therefore, DHA plays a crucial role in regulating adaptive immunity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gemma Chiva-Blanch, Vibeke Bratseth, Kristian Laake, Harald Arnesen, Svein Solheim, Erik Berg Schmidt, Lina Badimon, Ingebjorg Seljeflot
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of long-term n3 PUFA supplementation on the release of cMV in elderly patients at very high risk of CVD, and found that supplementation with 1.8 g/day n3 PUFA for two years did not significantly modulate the release of prothrombotic MV from blood and vascular cells in elderly Norwegians who had suffered a recent acute myocardial infarction and were treated as per guidelines.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Tomas R. Magalhaes, Ronald J. Corbee, Felisbina L. Queiroga, Ana L. Lourenco
Summary: Periodontal disease is a common oral disorder in cats, caused by inflammation in response to bacterial plaque. Treatment options vary depending on the stage of the disease and can include dental scaling, localized application of perioceutics, tissue regeneration, tooth extraction, and periodontal surgery. As multimodal therapy is often necessary, new approaches are being developed to enhance treatment response. The use of omega-3 fatty acids as an adjuvant therapy has shown potential in humans with periodontal disease, although its efficacy in cats and other companion animals is still uncertain and contradictory. This review aims to assess the potential impact of omega-3 fatty acids on the clinical management of feline periodontal disease based on available evidence.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Alejandra Valencia-Naranjo, Luz M. Manjarres-Correa, Juliana Bermudez-Cardona
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the changes in the concentrations of EPA and DHA in the erythrocytes and breast milk of lactating women after three months of supplementation. The study found low consumption of omega-3 food sources and low EPA and DHA content initially. After supplementation, there was a significant increase in DHA levels in both erythrocytes and breast milk, while EPA levels did not change significantly.
CURRENT RESEARCH IN FOOD SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Teresa Padro, Anallely Lopez-Yerena, Antonio Perez, Gemma Vilahur, Lina Badimon
Summary: High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are complex particles that have multiple cardiovascular protective properties. Diet, specifically supplementation with ?3 and phytosterols, has been shown to improve the lipid profile of HDL. This study found that ?3 supplementation had greater effects on HDL lipidome compared to phytosterols, particularly in cholesteryl esters (CEs). Furthermore, the HDL lipidome was found to be sex-dependent. Overall, this study highlights the importance of diet and sex in modulating the HDL lipid profile.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Lena Stiefvatter, Katja Lehnert, Konstantin Frick, Alexander Montoya-Arroyo, Jan Frank, Walter Vetter, Ulrike Schmid-Staiger, Stephan C. Bischoff
Summary: The microalgae Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) is a valuable source of nutrients such as proteins, polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 PUFA), particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), carotenoids like fucoxanthin (FX), and beta-glucans. Intake of PT leads to an increase in n-3 PUFA and EPA levels, while also decreasing the n-6:n-3 ratio in plasma. The study shows that PT is a safe and effective source of EPA and other nutrients, suggesting its potential as a sustainable food source.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Adelaide Cupo, Simone Landi, Salvatore Morra, Genoveffa Nuzzo, Carmela Gallo, Emiliano Manzo, Angelo Fontana, Giuliana D'Ippolito
Summary: This study investigates the cultivation of marine diatom Cyclotella cryptica under different growth conditions, finding that heterotrophic growth leads to higher EPA production, productivity, and potential for biotechnological exploitation.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lorena Ortega, Lorena Lobos-Gonzalez, Mauricio Reyna-Jeldes, Daniela Cerda, Erwin De la Fuente-Ortega, Patricio Castro, Giuliano Bernal, Claudio Coddou
Summary: This study demonstrated that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has a selective antiproliferative effect on gastric cancer (GC), primarily driven by apoptosis induction. DHA treatment consistently reduced tumor size, ascitic fluid volume, and liver metastasis in an in vivo mouse model. These findings provide promising potential for DHA as a therapeutic agent in GC.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Wenjia Gu, John M. M. Kavanagh, Dale D. D. McClure
Summary: There is an increasing demand for sustainable sources of omega-3 fatty acids, and microalgae can be used to produce eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on a large scale. The choice of suitable strains is crucial for successful production. However, findings from small-scale systems do not always translate to larger photobioreactors. In this study, the productivity and fatty acid composition of eleven microalgal strains were examined in both flask and photobioreactor cultures. The results showed that predictions based on flask screening were not accurate for photobioreactors, highlighting the need for improved screening tools. Among the species tested, Phaeodactylum tricornutum showed the most potential when grown in photobioreactors. The study also investigated the impact of environmental conditions (temperature and salinity) on EPA production and found that EPA content remained relatively constant within the tested temperature and salinity ranges. Finally, nutritional information about the biomass was provided, which can be used as a starting point for formulating food products.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Myroslav Sprynskyy, Fernanda Monedeiro, Maciej Monedeiro-Milanowski, Zuzanna Nowak, Aneta Krakowska-Sieprawska, Pawel Pomastowski, Renata Gadzala-Kopciuch, Boguslaw Buszewski
Summary: This study aimed to isolate EPA and DHA from diatom biomass using different extraction methods and analyze the extracts. Reflux extraction yielded the highest content of omega-3 fatty acids, while the extracts obtained from SFE had lower toxicity and could be directly used for product development.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2022)