Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
V. V. Zanuncio, C. M. N. O. Sediyama, M. M. Dias, G. M. Nascimento, M. C. Pessoa, P. F. Pereira, M. R. Silva, K. J. Segheto, G. Z. Longo
Summary: The study confirmed the association between neck circumference (NC) and metabolic syndrome, establishing NC cut-off points for predicting metabolic syndrome. NC is a cost-effective anthropometric measurement that can estimate subcutaneous fat in the upper body and is related to cardiometabolic risks. Increased NC was found to be an independent predictor of metabolic syndrome burden, especially in women, with specific cut-off points for both genders identified for predicting metabolic syndrome.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jose Ignacio Ramirez-Manent, Angel Arturo Lopez-Gonzalez, Pilar Tomas-Gil, Pere Riutord-Sbert, Lucia Garrido-Sepulveda, Maria Teofila Vicente-Herrero
Summary: This study examines the relationship between two obesity assessment methods based on hip circumference and metabolic syndrome (MetS) and insulin resistance risk scales. The results show that AVI demonstrates higher predictive value for MetS, while AVI and BAI mainly show predictive value for high insulin resistance risk scales in the case of METS-IR, with higher predictive value in women.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fayaz Ahmad Mir, Ehsan Ullah, Raghvendra Mall, Ahmad Iskandarani, Tareq A. Samra, Farhan Cyprian, Aijaz Parray, Meis Alkasem, Ibrahem Abdalhakam, Faisal Farooq, Abdul-Badi Abou-Samra
Summary: This study found differential expression of serum metabolites and pathways between Arabic subjects with obesity and metabolic syndrome compared to subjects with obesity only. Lipids, including sphingomyelin, were significantly decreased in the group with metabolic syndrome. Non-lipid metabolites, such as quinolinate, kynurenine, and tryptophan, were also decreased in the group with metabolic syndrome. Metabolites and pathways associated with chronic inflammation were found to be dysregulated in subjects with metabolic syndrome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bashir Ahmad Laway, Mohammad Salem Baba
Summary: Sheehan syndrome caused by postpartum hemorrhage leads to pituitary hormone deficiency, resulting in various abnormalities including lipid and glucose abnormalities, increased body fat, insulin resistance, coagulation abnormalities, increased leptin concentration, low-grade inflammation, and endothelial dysfunction. Replacement with growth hormone in addition to standard hormone replacement improves the cardiometabolic profile of patients with Sheehan syndrome.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lars Lind, Samira Salihovic, Johan Sundstrom, Solve Elmstahl, Ulf Hammar, Koen Dekkers, Johan Arnlov, J. Gustav Smith, Gunnar Engstrom, Tove Fall
Summary: This study compared the plasma metabolome in obese subjects with and without metabolic syndrome (MetS) to normal-weight subjects without MetS. The results showed significant differences in metabolite profiles between obese and normal-weight individuals without MetS, with a gradual deterioration in metabolite profile from lean to obese to MetS. The pathways highlighted in this study, such as amino acid synthesis/metabolism and sphingolipid metabolism, may play a role in this metabolic deterioration, with insulin resistance as a potential mediator.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Qi Zhu, Yawei Xing, Yunfeng Fu, Xiaqin Chen, Langyi Guan, Foqiang Liao, Xiaodong Zhou
Summary: This study used Mendelian randomization analysis to assess the causal effect of MetS on cholelithiasis. The results showed that MetS increased the risk of cholelithiasis, especially in MetS patients with abdominal obesity. Control and treatment of MetS can effectively reduce the risk of gallstone formation.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Siphiwe N. Dlamini, Ananyo Choudhury, Michele Ramsay, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Shane A. Norris, Nigel J. Crowther, Andrew A. Crawford, Brian R. Walker, Zane Lombard, Julia H. Goedecke
Summary: This study identified novel genetic associations between two SNPs at SERPINA6/A1 and key cardiometabolic risk factors in black South Africans, but found no associations between these variants and glucocorticoids or the metabolic syndrome. Further replication and functional studies in larger populations are needed to confirm these findings and explore potential associations mediated by circulating glucocorticoids.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Aki Juhani Karajamaki, Arto Korkiakoski, Janne Hukkanen, Y. Antero Kesaniemi, Olavi Ukkola
Summary: The presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), but not obesity only, entails a greater risk of mortality and cardiovascular diseases. The risk of atrial fibrillation is increased only in subjects with both obesity and MetS. Obesity without MetS tends to progress eventually to obesity with MetS.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ming Yang, Chongbin Liu, Na Jiang, Yan Liu, Shilu Luo, Chenrui Li, Hao Zhao, Yachun Han, Wei Chen, Li Li, Li Xiao, Lin Sun
Summary: Metabolic syndrome is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia. Insulin resistance, adipose tissue dysfunction, and chronic inflammation are believed to play a role in the development of metabolic syndrome, but effective clinical prevention and treatment measures are still lacking. Studies have shown that myostatin (MSTN) may be a potential therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome as it is involved in the development of obesity, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, and hypertension. This article discusses the transcriptional regulation and receptor binding pathway of MSTN, its role in regulating mitochondrial function and autophagy, and reviews the progress of MSTN research in metabolic syndrome. Additionally, MSTN inhibitors under clinical trial are summarized and proposed as potential targets for the treatment of metabolic syndrome.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Siphiwe N. Dlamini, Zane Lombard, Lisa K. Micklesfield, Nigel Crowther, Shane A. Norris, Tracy Snyman, Andrew A. Crawford, Brian R. Walker, Julia H. Goedecke
Summary: This study found that circulating glucocorticoid concentrations are associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiometabolic risk factors in Africans, exhibiting both glucocorticoid- and sex-specificity.
ENDOCRINE CONNECTIONS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Khairun-Nisa Hashim, Kok-Yong Chin, Fairus Ahmad
Summary: Honey has shown beneficial effects in reversing metabolic syndrome through its anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic, and hypotensive actions, largely due to the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of its polyphenol and flavonoid contents.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mario De la Fuente-Munoz, Maria De la Fuente-Fernandez, Marta Roman-Carmena, Sara Amor, Maria C. Iglesias de la Cruz, Guillermo Garcia-Lainez, Silvia Llopis, Patricia Martorell, David Verdu, Eva Serna, Angel L. Garcia-Villalon, Sonia I. Guilera, Antonio M. Inarejos-Garcia, Miriam Granado
Summary: The study found that supplementation with a standardized extract of green and black tea reduces body weight gain, has lipolytic and antiadipogenic effects, and reduces insulin resistance in mice with metabolic syndrome through its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ming Yang, Chongbin Liu, Na Jiang, Yan Liu, Shilu Luo, Chenrui Li, Hao Zhao, Yachun Han, Wei Chen, Li Li, Li Xiao, Lin Sun
Summary: Metabolic syndrome is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by obesity, insulin resistance/diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension. The increasing incidence of metabolic syndrome poses a heavy medical burden, yet effective prevention and treatment strategies are still lacking. Fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a key protein involved in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and has potential as a target for the treatment of metabolic syndrome by reducing fat mass and improving glucose and lipid metabolism.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Azar Hosseini, Bibi Marjan Razavi, Maciej Banach, Hossein Hosseinzadeh
Summary: Quercetin, as an important flavonoid, has potential effects in improving symptoms of metabolic syndrome, but further research and clinical trials are needed to determine its true clinical value.
PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hiroki Nishikawa, Akira Asai, Shinya Fukunishi, Shuhei Nishiguchi, Kazuhide Higuchi
Summary: Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in insulin-induced glucose metabolism, with muscle loss and intramuscular fat accumulation closely linked. Skeletal muscle loss and fat accumulation are associated with various pathologies through factors such as oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, mitochondrial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and inactivity. The relationship between Metabolic Syndrome (Met-S) and sarcopenia is attracting attention, with persistent inflammation, fat deposition, and insulin resistance thought to play important roles in their association.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Gavin W. Lambert, Geoffrey A. Head, Won Sun Chen, Mark Hamer, Nicolaas T. Malan, Stephen Quinn, Markus P. Schlaich, Leone Malan
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Johannes M. van Rooyen, Marko Poglitsch, Hugo W. Huisman, Lebo F. Gafane-Matemane, Yolandi Breet, Leone Malan
CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Amra Jujic, Olle Melander, Peter M. Nilsson, Leone Malan, Artur Fedorowski, Martin Magnusson
CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA
(2020)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tamrin Veldsman, Mariette Swanepoel, Makama A. Monyeki, Johanna S. Brits, Leone Malan
CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA
(2020)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roland von Kaenel, Mark Hamer, Annemarie Wentzel, Leone Malan
Summary: The study found a relationship between neurotrophic factors and hemostatic risk factors, especially under stress. This provides evidence for a connection between peripheral neurotrophins and hemostasis, with associations showing small-to-moderate effect sizes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Leone Malan, Mark Hamer, Roland von Kaenel, Konstantin Kotliar, Roelof D. van Wyk, Gavin W. Lambert, Walthard Vilser, Tjalf Ziemssen, Markus P. Schlaich, Wayne Smith, Martin Magnusson, Annemarie Wentzel, Carlien E. Myburgh, Hendrik S. Steyn, Nico T. Malan
Summary: The study found that retinal vessel dynamics may relate to chronic stress and stroke risk, with low norepinephrine levels triggering an increase in sympatho-adrenal-medullary axis activity while concurrent hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation attenuated retinal vein vasoactivity, resulting in delayed recovery responses and non-adaptation to stress.
CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA
(2021)
Article
Biology
Leone Malan, Mark Hamer, Roland von Kanel, Roelof D. van Wyk, Anne E. Sumner, Peter M. Nilsson, Gavin W. Lambert, Hendrik S. Steyn, Casper J. Badenhorst, Nico T. Malan
Summary: The relationship between diabetes, dementia, and neuronal injury defines type 3 diabetes (T3D), and chronic stress is associated with early signs of dementia and retinopathy, ultimately forming a prototype of Stress syndrome reflecting risk for T3D and stroke. The detrimental effect of chronic stress exemplifies a Stress syndrome prototype reflecting risk for type 3 diabetes, neurodegeneration, and ischemic stroke. Stress was further linked to poor retinal oxygen perfusion, glaucoma risk, and various dementia risk markers, highlighting the impact of chronic stress on the human brain.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Dieden, Leone Malan, Catharina M. C. Mels, Leandi Lammertyn, Annemarie Wentzel, Peter M. Nilsson, Petri Gudmundsson, Amra Jujic, Martin Magnusson
Summary: In this observational study, a multiplex proteomic platform was used to explore associations between 92 targeted proteins and deteriorating vascular health phenotypes in a cohort of black and white African school teachers. The study revealed significant associations between hypertension, carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and specific proteins related to inflammation, chemotaxis, coagulation or proteolysis. Additionally, ethnicity played a role in some of these associations, highlighting the complexity of the relationships between proteins and vascular health markers.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tamrin Veldsman, Mariette Swanepoel, Makama Andries Monyeki, Johanna Susanna Brits, Leone Malan
Summary: Globally, the lack of physical activity and obesity are associated with an increase in carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT). Males are more likely to be sedentary and have higher blood pressure and CIMT, while waist circumference or central obesity is more likely to contribute to atherosclerosis, especially in females. Physical activity levels are not significantly related to subclinical atherosclerosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Religion
Steve le Roux, Rudy A. Denton, Leone Malan, Nico T. Malan
Summary: This study aims to explore how specific spiritual coping strategies and religious practices can be used by Christians to assess and handle chronic stress during and beyond the COVID-19 pandemic. Through literature research and exploration of biblical passages, the study identifies positive coping strategies and practices, and offers a pastoral model to help Christians cope with chronic stress.
IN DIE SKRIFLIG-IN LUCE VERBI
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Catharina Elizabeth Myburgh-Jacobsz, Leone Malan, Roland Von Kanel, Hendrik Stefanus Steyn, Nicolaas Theodor Malan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the stress-induced associations between cardiac troponin T/cTnT, S100B, and estradiol in defensive copers. The results showed that in defensive coping African men, acute mental stress led to decreases in S100B and increases in estradiol, which were related to the chronic stress risk phenotype and acute estradiol increases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nina Truter, Leone Malan, M. Faadiel Essop
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that the link between the brain and heart plays a significant role in cardiovascular diseases, particularly acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Astrocytes, abundant glial cells in the central nervous system, and peripheral glial cells are becoming recognized as key regulators in the brain-heart axis during AMI, influencing sympathetic nervous system activity. This review aims to enhance the understanding of glial cell activity and its impact on AMI risk, including factors like autonomic nervous system dysfunction, glial-neurotrophic and ischemic risk markers. Considering glial cell activity and related factors in brain-heart disorders could provide insights into the pathological role of glial dysfunction in AMI development. Perturbations in glial cell activity and contributing factors, especially sympathetic activity, were observed, along with emerging AMI risk factors such as sympathovagal imbalance, low GDNF levels, hypertension, and increased ischemia. The study emphasizes the importance of studying brain-heart axis pathologies and exploring novel therapies for AMI through biomarkers.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Leone Malan, Roelof van Wyk, Roland von Kanel, Tjalf Ziemssen, Walthard Vilser, Peter M. Nilsson, Martin Magnusson, Amra Jujic, Daniel W. Mak, Faans Steyn, Nico T. Malan
Summary: The brain is the key organ that orchestrates the stress response which translates to the retina. The retina is an extension of the brain and retinal symptoms in subjects with neurodegenerative diseases substantiated the eye as a window to the brain. The retina is used in this study to determine whether chronic stress reflects neurodegenerative signs indicative of neurodegenerative conditions.
STRESS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL ON THE BIOLOGY OF STRESS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Catharina E. Myburgh, Leone Malan, Roland von Kanel, Faans Steyn, Nicolaas T. Malan
ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Correction
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Tamrin Veldsman, Mariette Swanepoel, Andries Monyeki, Sanette Brits, Leone Malan
CARDIOVASCULAR JOURNAL OF AFRICA
(2021)
