Article
Sport Sciences
Tanya M. Halliday, Mollie H. White, Allison K. Hild, Molly B. Conroy, Edward L. Melanson, Marc-Andre Cornier
Summary: This study compared the effects of resistance exercise (REx) and aerobic exercise (AEx) on energy intake and appetite regulation, finding that REx significantly decreases orexigenic (ghrelin) and anorectic (PYY and GLP-1) gut peptides, but does not increase ad libitum energy intake. Both exercise modalities have appetite and energy intake suppressing effects.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tetsuro E. Okada, Tony Quan, Marc R. Bomhof
Summary: This study investigated the effects of ketone ester on appetite-related hormones and appetite perception after exercise, finding that although ketone ester altered homeostatic regulators of appetite, it did not acutely affect energy intake during the post-exercise period in healthy adults.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Carin Weirich Gallon, Charles Francisco Ferreira, Aline Henz, Carolina Leao Oderich, Maiara Conzatti, Juliana Ritondale Sodre de Castro, Matheus Parmegiani Jahn, Keoma da Silva, Maria Celeste Osorio Wender
Summary: The study found that participants with PMS consumed more calories and carbohydrates during the luteal phase compared to the follicular phase, while this pattern was not observed in participants without PMS. There was a marginal negative relationship between ghrelin levels and calorie intake in the follicular phase of the PMS group, and a negative relationship between ghrelin and leptin levels in the luteal phase of the group without PMS.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alan C. Rupp, Abigail J. Tomlinson, Alison H. Affinati, Warren T. Yacawych, Allison M. Duensing, Cadence True, Sarah R. Lindsley, Melissa A. Kirigiti, Alexander MacKenzie, Joseph Polex-Wolf, Chien Li, Lotte Bjerre Knudsen, Randy J. Seeley, David P. Olson, Paul Kievit, Martin G. Myers Jr
Summary: The study found that the adipose-derived hormone leptin controls food intake and body weight by acting on a specific group of GABAergic hypothalamic neurons through its receptor LepRb. This group of neurons shows conservation across species.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Camilla O. D. Araujo, Renan M. Montenegro, Amanda P. Pedroso, Virginia O. Fernandes, Ana Paula D. R. Montenegro, Annelise B. de Carvalho, Lila M. Oyama, Carla S. C. Maia, Eliane B. Ribeiro
Summary: This study found that patients with congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) have appetite disturbances compared to eutrophic individuals, with lower fasting acylated ghrelin levels and no physiological drop after meal intake. These disturbances seem to play a role in hunger attenuation and satiety, but not in acute satiation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luciana da Costa Oliveira, Gustavo Paroschi Morais, Franciane Pereira de Oliveira, Milene Montavoni Mata, Allice Santos Cruz Veras, Alisson Luiz da Rocha, Lucila Leico Kagohara Elias, Giovana Rampazzo Teixeira, Camila de Moraes, Dennys E. Cintra, Eduardo R. Ropelle, Leandro P. de Moura, Jose R. Pauli, Ellen C. de Freitas, Rodrigo Rorato, Adelino Sanchez R. da Silva
Summary: Consuming a high-fat diet leads to hypothalamic inflammation and disrupts the leptin pathway, resulting in dysregulated hypothalamic neuronal activities and increased risk of obesity. Intermittent fasting and exercise training have been shown to effectively modulate hypothalamic inflammation and neuronal activity. However, it is unknown whether combining these interventions can better restore hypothalamic homeostasis in the presence of a high-fat diet.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Anastasiia S. Boiko, Irina A. Mednova, Elena G. Kornetova, Anastasiia A. Goncharova, Arkadiy Semke, Nikolay A. Bokhan, Svetlana A. Ivanova
Summary: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a common complication of schizophrenia that is exacerbated by long-term use of antipsychotics. The study found that levels of leptin were significantly increased in MetS patients, while ghrelin levels were significantly decreased. There were fewer significant correlations between ghrelin and other hormones in MetS patients compared to those without MetS.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marthe Isaksen Aukan, Silvia Coutinho, Sindre Andre Pedersen, Melanie Rae Simpson, Catia Martins
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated the differences in gastrointestinal hormone response to food intake between individuals with and without obesity. The findings suggest that individuals with obesity have lower concentrations of total ghrelin and total peptide YY compared to controls, which may contribute to lower postprandial hunger ratings. However, there were no significant differences in other gastrointestinal hormones or appetite ratings. The study highlights the need for more comprehensive research to determine if these differences are a cause or consequence of obesity.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ngoc N. Nguyen, Ruma G. Singh, Maxim S. Petrov
Summary: Fasting levels of leptin and the leptin/ghrelin ratio are significantly associated with excess intrapancreatic fat deposition, while postprandial levels of these hormones show no significant association.
ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Chung-Yu Chen, Chun-Chung Chou, Ke-Xun Lin, Toby Muendel, Mu-Tsung Chen, Yi-Hung Liao, Shiow-Chwen Tsai
Summary: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and low-oxygen exposure may suppress appetite by inhibiting the secretion of appetite-stimulating hormones. However, the intensity and duration of exercise may affect appetite, with higher intensity and longer duration leading to exercise-induced appetite loss and changes in appetite hormones. The effects of performing HIIT in a hypoxic environment on diet and nutritional intake are unclear.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adela-Viviana Sitar-Taut, Angela Cozma, Adriana Fodor, Sorina-Cezara Coste, Olga Hilda Orasan, Vasile Negrean, Dana Pop, Dan-Andrei Sitar-Taut
Summary: The study aimed to assess the relationship between adipokines such as leptin and ghrelin and their ratio with obesity and diabetes. Results showed that obese patients had higher leptin values and leptin/ghrelin ratios, with significant differences found in analyses stratified by obesity and gender. Obesity and diabetes were associated with changes in the levels of adipokines, even in overweight subjects, indicating a basis for early intervention in diabetic and obese patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tania Sanchez-Murguia, Nathaly Torres-Castillo, Lisset Magana-de la Vega, Sarai Citlalic Rodriguez-Reyes, Wendy Campos-Perez, Erika Martinez-Lopez
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between polymorphisms in ghrelin and leptin receptor genes and dietary intake and appetite assessment. The results showed that these polymorphisms were associated with differential responses to a standardized meal, characterized by higher postprandial ghrelin levels and increased dietary sugar intake.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Kyle A. Sullivan, Corena V. Grant, Kelley R. Jordan, Selina S. Vickery, Leah M. Pyter
Summary: The study found that exercise helps faster recovery from paclitaxel-induced weight loss and deficits in melanocortin signaling, but did not alleviate fatigue or inflammation. Body mass recovery was associated with the wheel running-induced recovery of body composition and associated peripheral circulating hormones.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Natalya J. Beer, Ben Jackson, James A. Dimmock, Kym J. Guelfi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of sprint interval training (SIT) combined with need-support on post-exercise food consumption. The results showed that SIT with psychological need-support significantly decreased post-exercise energy intake from snacks, while traditional moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) did not affect food intake. SIT with need-support is well-tolerated in physically inactive individuals with overweight and offers an alternative to traditional exercise prescription.
Article
Cell Biology
Javier Lugilde, Sabela Casado, Daniel Beiroa, Juan Cunarro, Montserrat Garcia-Lavandeira, Clara V. alvarez, Ruben Nogueiras, Carlos Dieguez, Sulay Tovar
Summary: Recent data shows that ghrelin and liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP-2) have opposite roles in food intake. LEAP-2 inhibits fasting-induced food intake, especially in lean, obese, and high-fat diet-exposed animals. LEAP-2 administration also inhibits ghrelin-induced food intake in various experimental models. The inhibitory effect on glucose levels is observed in specific experimental models, suggesting different mechanisms are involved.
