Article
Parasitology
Paola Scaramozzino, Andrea Carvelli, Gianpaolo Bruni, Giuseppina Cappiello, Francesco Censi, Adele Magliano, Giuseppe Manna, Ida Ricci, Pasquale Rombola, Federico Romiti, Francesca Rosone, Marcello Giovanni Sala, Maria Teresa Scicluna, Stefania Vaglio, Claudio De Liberato
Summary: The study investigated the transmission of West Nile virus and Usutu virus in Italy, finding that surveillance components detected the viruses in multiple aspects in four municipalities, including horses, Culex pipiens, and blood-based products.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Virology
Elisa Mancuso, Jacopo Giuseppe Cecere, Federica Iapaolo, Annapia Di Gennaro, Massimo Sacchi, Giovanni Savini, Fernando Spina, Federica Monaco
Summary: In this study, the potential role of migratory birds in spreading West Nile Virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) from Africa and Central Europe to Mediterranean areas was investigated. Molecular and serological surveys were conducted on migrating birds sampled in Italy, revealing the presence of WNV and USUV RNA as well as neutralizing antibodies against these viruses. This highlights the importance of active surveillance of zoonotic viruses in order to better understand their transmission patterns.
Article
Virology
Hegger Fritsch, Felicidade Mota Pereira, Erica Azevedo Costa, Vagner Fonseca, Stephane Tosta, Joilson Xavier, Flavia Levy, Carla de Oliveira, Gabriela Menezes, Jaqueline Lima, Lenisa Santos, Luciana Silva, Vanessa Nardy, Marcela Kelly Gomez Astete, Beatriz Senra Alvares da Silva Santos, Nagila Rocha Aguiar, Maria Isabel Maldonado Coelho Guedes, Guilherme Canhestro de Faria, Ronaldo Furtini, Safira Rachel Milanez Drumond, Gabriel Muricy Cunha, Marcia Sao Pedro Leal Souza, Ronaldo de Jesus, Sara A. Franco Guimaraes, Italo Coelho Nuno, Ian Carlos Brito de Santana, Jose Eduardo Ungar de Sa, George Roma Santos, Willadesmon Santos Silva, Thiago Ferreira Guedes, Emerson Luiz Lima Araujo, Rodrigo Fabiano do Carmo Said, Carlos Frederico Campelo de Albuquerque, Cassio Roberto Leonel Peterka, Alessandro Pecego Martins Romano, Rivaldo Venancio da Cunha, Ana Maria Bispo de Filippis, Arabela Leal e Silva de Mello, Marta Giovanetti, Luiz Carlos Junior Alcantara
Summary: Several studies have provided evidence of West Nile virus (WNV) circulation in Brazil, but the genomic diversity and transmission dynamics of the virus in the country are still largely unknown. Recent genomic monitoring activities in horses have revealed the presence of WNV in different regions of Brazil. This study retrospectively screened WNV samples from encephalitic horses and identified two independent introduction events of the virus in Brazil. These findings emphasize the importance of increasing the priority of WNV genomic monitoring in horses with encephalitis.
Reprint
Surgery
Emily McDonald, Sarabeth Mathis, Stacey W. Martin, J. Erin Staples, Marc Fischer, Nicole P. Lindsey
Summary: West Nile virus (WNV) is a leading cause of domestically acquired arboviral disease in the United States. The disease is most commonly asymptomatic, but less than 1% of infected individuals develop severe neuroinvasive disease. Surveillance data from 2009-2018 show peaks in activity in different regions and suggest that predicting future incidence remains challenging. Public health actions focus on surveillance, prevention messaging for at-risk populations, and mosquito control measures to reduce disease morbidity and mortality.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanping Zhang, Wenwen Lei, Yali Wang, Haitian Sui, Bo Liu, Fan Li, Ying He, Zhaoxia Li, Shihong Fu, Lu Wang, Limin Xu, Muti Mahe, Zhenguo Gao, Tuerxun Mamutijiang, Zhi Lv, Nijuan Xiang, Lei Zhou, Daxin Ni, Guodong Liang, Qun Li, Huanyu Wang, Zijian Feng
Summary: The research investigated WNV infection in Kashgar Region, Xinjiang from 2013 to 2016, revealing that WNV mainly occurs between August and September each year, with a higher proportion of male patients. The study also found that Culex pipiens is the dominant mosquito species responsible for transmission, emphasizing the importance of continued surveillance of mosquitoes and avian species.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Emily McDonald, Sarabeth Mathis, Stacey W. Martin, J. Erin Staples, Marc Fischer, Nicole P. Lindsey
Summary: West Nile virus (WNV) is an arthropodborne virus and the leading cause of domestically acquired arboviral disease in the United States. Despite stability in national incidence of neuroinvasive disease, peak activity varies regionally. Surveillance and prevention are crucial public health actions to reduce morbidity and mortality.
MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Giulia Mencattelli, Andrea Silverj, Federica Iapaolo, Carla Ippoliti, Liana Teodori, Annapia Di Gennaro, Valentina Curini, Luca Candeloro, Annamaria Conte, Andrea Polci, Daniela Morelli, Maria Gabriella Perrotta, Giovanni Marini, Roberto Rosa, Federica Monaco, Nicola Segata, Annapaola Rizzoli, Omar Rota-Stabelli, Giovanni Savini
Summary: This paper provides an overview of the epidemiological and genetic features of West Nile virus (WNV) Lineage 2 (L2) in Italy. The study reveals a progressive increase in WNV L2 in Italy and predicts a wider spread in the future. The findings emphasize the importance of using quantitative models for early warning detection of WNV outbreaks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Abdelfattah Selim, Ameer Megahed, Sahar Kandeel, Abdulaziz Alouffi, Mashal M. Almutairi
Summary: A study conducted in the Nile Delta of Egypt found that horses older than 15 years, stallions, and horses of mixed breeds are more likely to be infected with West Nile virus. Intensive surveillance and effective control strategies are recommended for stallions, mixed-breed horses aged over 15 years.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Soha R. Dargham, Duaa W. Al-Sadeq, Hadi M. Yassine, Muna Ahmed, Hasna Kunhipurayil, John M. Humphrey, Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Gheyath K. Nasrallah
Summary: The study estimated the WNV seroprevalence in different MENA populations residing in Qatar, with Sudanese and Egyptians having the highest prevalence, while Qataris and nationals of the Levant had the lowest. It suggests further research on the prevalence of viral RNA in blood donors and the epidemiology of WNV in the region.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Giulia Mencattelli, Federica Iapaolo, Andrea Polci, Maurilia Marcacci, Annapia Di Gennaro, Liana Teodori, Valentina Curini, Valeria Di Lollo, Barbara Secondini, Silvia Scialabba, Marco Gobbi, Elisabetta Manuali, Cesare Camma, Roberto Rosa, Annapaola Rizzoli, Federica Monaco, Giovanni Savini
Summary: In January 2022, a case of West Nile virus (WNV) infection in an adult goshawk was identified in the Umbria region of Italy. This marks the second bird infection reported in the region during the cold season. The study suggests that WNV may persist throughout the year in Italy through bird-to-bird transmission.
TROPICAL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Nagy, Nikolett Csonka, Maria Takacs, Eszter Mezei, Eva Barabas
Summary: A comprehensive serosurvey conducted in Hungary in 2019 revealed a seroprevalence of 4.32% for West Nile virus (WNV) and confirmed five cases of Usutu virus (USUV) infection among blood donors. The study also found a spatial pattern of seroprevalence, with Central, Eastern, and Southern Hungary having the highest rates. These findings highlight the importance of increased surveillance and awareness for high-risk areas.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Flavia Riccardo, Antonino Bella, Federica Monaco, Federica Ferraro, Daniele Petrone, Alberto Mateo-Urdiales, Xanthi D. Andrianou, Martina Del Manso, Giulietta Venturi, Claudia Fortuna, Marco Di Luca, Francesco Severini, Maria Grazia Caporali, Daniela Morelli, Federica Iapaolo, Ilaria Pati, Letizia Lombardini, Tamas Bakonyi, Olivia Alexandra, Patrizio Pezzotti, Maria Gabriella Perrotta, Francesco Maraglino, Giovanni Rezza, Anna Teresa Palamara
Summary: Similar to 2018, the vector season in Italy in 2022 witnessed an early onset of West Nile virus (WNV) transmission, resulting in a rapid increase in human infections. This article describes the epidemiology of human infections and the surveillance of animals and vectors for WNV, comparing the data from June and July 2022 with the same period in 2018.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Donghua Zheng, Genglong Liu, Li Chen, Wenfeng Xie, Jiaqi Sun, Siqi Wang, Qiang Tai
Summary: The administration of terlipressin can significantly improve hemodynamics in hypotensive brain-dead patients, while maintaining renal function stability and improvement without affecting liver function.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Orianne Constant, Patricia Gil, Jonathan Barthelemy, Karine Bollore, Vincent Foulongne, Caroline Desmetz, Agnes Leblond, Isabelle Desjardins, Sophie Pradier, Aurelien Joulie, Alain Sandoz, Rayane Amaral, Michel Boisseau, Ignace Rakotoarivony, Thierry Baldet, Albane Marie, Benoit Frances, Florence Reboul Salze, Bachirou Tinto, Philippe Van de Perre, Sara Salinas, Cecile Beck, Sylvie Lecollinet, Serafin Gutierrez, Yannick Simonin
Summary: The study observed active transmission of WNV and USUV in Southern France, with higher USUV prevalence in humans, dogs, birds, and mosquitoes, and higher WNV prevalence in horses. Genetic data showed the presence of the same lineages in mosquitoes from 2015 to 2020. The findings support existing literature suggesting endemicity of WNV and USUV in the region.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Mohammed Ombadi, Phu Nguyen, Soroosh Sorooshian, Kuo-lin Hsu
Summary: The study highlights significant biases in simulating annual precipitation by GCMs in the Nile River basin and underestimation of interannual variability. The BMA model projections reveal high uncertainty in the region, with considerable variations in the magnitude and direction of change in the Blue Nile and Upper White Nile basins.
JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
(2021)
