Article
Biology
Eddie Magnide, Georges Wona Tchaha, Julie Joncas, Christian Bellefleur, Soraya Barchi, Marjolaine Roy-Beaudry, Stefan Parent, Guy Grimard, Hubert Labelle, Luc Duong
Summary: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is commonly diagnosed with posteroanterior and lateral radiographs. The study proposes a machine-learning-based approach for Risser sign skeletal maturity assessment using EOS radiographs, achieving high accuracy for different regions of interest. Automatic classification based on image features could potentially improve the management of AIS patients.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hongfei Wang, Teng Zhang, Changmeng Zhang, Liangyu Shi, Samuel Yan-Lik Ng, Ho-Cheong Yan, Karen Ching-Man Yeung, Janus Siu-Him Wong, Kenneth Man-Chee Cheung, Graham Ka-Hon Shea
Summary: This study developed a machine learning-based prediction model to accurately predict the risk of progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) curves. By integrating clinical data, X-rays, and hand X-rays, the model can predict the risk of curve progression at the first clinic visit.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mahsa Tajdari, Aishwarya Pawar, Hengyang Li, Farzam Tajdari, Ayesha Maqsood, Emmett Cleary, Sourav Saha, Yongjie Jessica Zhang, John F. Sarwark, Wing Kam Liu
Summary: This study introduces a mechanistic machine learning algorithm to investigate patient-specific curve progression in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis, considering bone growth and genetic/environmental factors. Two frameworks are utilized for analysis and prediction, one using clinical data and the other incorporating physical equations governing non-uniform bone growth.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Patrick M. Carry, Elizabeth A. Terhune, George D. Trahan, Lauren A. Vanderlinden, Cambria Wethey, Parvaneh Ebrahimi, Fiona McGuigan, Kristina Akesson, Nancy Hadley-Miller
Summary: Epigenetic mechanisms may contribute to idiopathic scoliosis (IS), where certain gene methylation is associated with the severity of spinal curvature, and some regions may be related to bone methylation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhuo-Tao Liang, Chao-Feng Guo, Jiong Li, Hong-Qi Zhang
Summary: Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is a common spinal deformity that occurs during puberty, with a higher prevalence in females. Abnormal levels of hormones such as estrogen, melatonin, growth hormone, leptin, adiponectin, and ghrelin may be related to the occurrence and development of AIS. Research aims to provide a better understanding of the role of endocrine hormones in the pathogenesis of AIS.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiajun Zhang, Yujia Wang, Ka-lo Cheng, Kayee Cheuk, Tsz-ping Lam, Alec L. H. Hung, Jack C. Y. Cheng, Yong Qiu, Ralph Mueller, Patrik Christen, Wayne Y. W. Lee
Summary: This study found that AIS girls have higher levels of serum bone turnover markers, which may contribute to defective bone qualities in AIS. Progressive AIS patients have higher systemic bone turnover markers level and local bone remodeling. Disrupted bone turnover is associated with the risk of progression of AIS.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cesare Faldini, Marco Manzetti, Simona Neri, Francesca Barile, Giovanni Viroli, Giuseppe Geraci, Francesco Ursini, Alberto Ruffilli
Summary: This review summarizes the literature on the epigenetic and genetic factors associated with the risk of curve progression in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). The findings suggest that while genetic markers have limited clinical application, epigenetic modifications show promising results as reliable markers for predicting curve progression.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Rufina Wing Lum Lau, Ka Yee Cheuk, Vivian Wing Yin Hung, Fiona Wai Ping Yu, Elisa Man Shan Tam, Lyn Lee Ning Wong, Jiajun Zhang, Wayne Yuk Wai Lee, Jack Chun Yiu Cheng, Tsz Ping Lam, Adam Yiu Chung Lau
Summary: This study found that patients with progressive AIS had poorer muscle and bone parameters than patients with stable AIS. The implementation of a cut-off threshold in the baseline dominant handgrip strength could potentially be used as an additional predictor, in addition to bone parameters, for identifying individuals with AIS who are at higher risk of experiencing curve progression.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Wei Xu, Jiajie Zang, Fan Wu
Summary: This meta-analysis evaluated the association between lean mass and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The results showed that patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis had lower lean mass compared to the control group. However, more high-quality studies are needed to validate these conclusions due to the limited number of included studies.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Hongfei Wang, Teng Zhang, Kenneth Man-Chee Cheung, Graham Ka-Hon Shea
Summary: This study successfully utilized deep learning models and 3D reconstruction techniques to predict curve progression risk in AIS, providing a new approach for personalized treatment strategies and clinical decision-making.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Prudence Wing Hang Cheung, Jason Pui Yin Cheung
Summary: The study aimed to determine whether the proximal humeral epiphyseal ossification system (PHOS) can be used to determine the timing of brace weaning in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) by assessing the rate of curve progression after brace weaning. The results showed that patients with PHOS Stage 5 had no curve progression after brace weaning, regardless of whether the curve angle was less than or equal to 40 degrees. For curves greater than or equal to 40 degrees, PHOS Stage 5 and a radius grade of 10 were also effective in indicating the timing of weaning.
EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tetsuro Ohba, Go Goto, Nobuki Tanaka, Kotaro Oda, Marina Katsu, Hayato Takei, Kensuke Koyama, Hiroki Oba, Hirotaka Haro
Summary: Limb muscle strength asymmetry has a significant impact on physical abilities. This study quantified limb muscle asymmetry in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis patients, compared different curve types, and examined correlations with radiographic parameters.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Ming Luo, Yuxiao Zhang, Shishu Huang, Yueming Song
Summary: Genome-wide association studies have identified several susceptibility genes for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), with LBX1 being the most promising candidate. Polymorphisms near the LBX1 gene have shown robust associations with AIS in multi-ethnic populations, highlighting its role in muscle precursor cell migration and neuronal determination processes. Further studies are needed to explore the causality between susceptibility loci related to LBX1 and the pathogenesis of AIS.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shoji Seki, Mami Iwasaki, Hiroto Makino, Yasuhito Yahara, Miho Kondo, Katsuhiko Kamei, Hayato Futakawa, Makiko Nogami, Kenta Watanabe, Nguyen Tran Canh Tung, Tatsuro Hirokawa, Mamiko Tsuji, Yoshiharu Kawaguchi
Summary: The role and mechanism of the ligamentum flavum (LF) in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) were investigated in this study. It was found that LF hypertrophy was present in scoliosis patients, with the convex side showing significantly more hypertrophy. Gene expression analysis also revealed that certain genes were associated with LF hypertrophy in AIS patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chao Wu, Gedong Meng, Jie Lian, Jingxu Xu, Mingjie Gao, Chencui Huang, Shu Zhang, Yunfeng Zhang, Yizhou Yu, Haiyan Wang, Yujie He, Xiaohe Li, Zhijun Li
Summary: This study developed a deep learning algorithm to automatically evaluate and diagnose scoliosis on full spinal X-ray images. The model achieved high sensitivity and accuracy for parameters such as the Cobb angle, apical vertebrae, and demonstrated potential to improve diagnostic efficiency for radiologists.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xue Li, Vivian Wing Yin Hung, Fiona Wai Ping Yu, Alec Lik Hang Hung, Bobby Kin Wah Ng, Jack Chun Yiu Cheng, Tsz Ping Lam, Benjamin Hon Kei Yip
Letter
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kenneth Guang-pu Yang, Tsz-ping Lam, Wayne Yuk-wai Lee, Alec Lik-hang Hung, Jack Chun-yiu Cheng
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL METABOLISM
(2021)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Nelson L. S. Tang, Matthew B. Dobbs, Christina A. Gurnett, Yong Qiu, T. P. Lam, Jack C. Y. Cheng, Nancy Hadley-Miller
Summary: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a common and important spine disorder in the pediatric age group, with a family tendency and uncertain genetic mechanism. The Cotrel Foundation supported international researchers in collaborating to better understand the etiology of AIS as a complex trait, providing new insights for future research and management.
Article
Orthopedics
Timothy Tin-Yan Lee, Kelly Ka-Lee Lai, Jack Chun-Yiu Cheng, Rene Marten Castelein, Tsz-Ping Lam, Yong-Ping Zheng
Summary: The use of a customized 3D ultrasound imaging system can provide reliable coronal curvature measurements for AIS patients, reducing radiation exposure. The study demonstrated good correlations and agreement between the ultrasound curve angle (UCA) and Cobb angles from X-ray images, indicating the potential for ultrasound imaging in evaluating and monitoring scoliosis without radiation.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRANSLATION
(2021)
Article
Orthopedics
John F. Sarwark, Rene M. Castelein, Tsz Ping Lam, Carl E. Aubin, Ayesha Maqsood, Florina Moldovan, Jack Cheng
Summary: Idiopathic Scoliosis is a relatively common condition affecting youth, with inherent factors such as spinal deformity susceptibility and biomechanical changes during growth. A better understanding of etiology can optimize evaluation and treatment, particularly early interventions.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDICS
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wing-Hoi Cheung, Vivian Wing-Yin Hung, Ka-Yee Cheuk, Wai-Wang Chau, Kelvin Kam-Fai Tsoi, Ronald Man-Yeung Wong, Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow, Tsz-Ping Lam, Patrick Shu-Hang Yung, Sheung-Wai Law, Ling Qin
Summary: The latest research indicates that HR-pQCT parameters can significantly predict incident fractures and/or major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs), with cortical volumetric bone mineral density (Ct.vBMD), trabecular thickness (Tb.Th), and stiffness being better predictors. HR-pQCT parameters perform better in predicting MOFs than incident fractures, and the non-weight-bearing distal radius is a more preferable site than distal tibia for fracture prediction.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
K. G. Yang, W. Y. W. Lee, A. L. H. Hung, V. W. Y. Hung, M. F. Tang, T. F. Leung, A. P. S. Kong, J. C. Y. Cheng, T. P. Lam
Summary: Girls with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) show decreased cortical bone density and bone strength during peak height velocity (PHV), along with elevated bone turnover markers (BTMs). This aligns with previous research indicating that low bone mineral density (BMD) is a prognostic factor for curve progression in AIS during PHV.
OSTEOPOROSIS INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rufina Wing-Lum Lau, Ka-Yee Cheuk, Bobby Kin-Wah Ng, Elisa Man-Shan Tam, Alec Lik-Hang Hung, Jack Chun-Yiu Cheng, Stanley Sai-Chuen Hui, Tsz-Ping Lam
Summary: The study evaluated the effects of a home-based exercise intervention (E-Fit) on bone mineral density (BMD), muscle function, and quality of life in adolescent girls with AIS. Results showed a marginally significant improvement in BMD and a statistically significant improvement in left arm lean mass in the E-Fit group at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Additionally, the E-Fit group showed improvements in physical activity levels and self-image over time.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yujia Wang, Huanxiong Chen, Jiajun Zhang, Tsz-ping Lam, A. L. H. Hung, J. C. Y. Cheng, W. Y. W. Lee
Summary: This study found elevated levels of muscle structural proteins in progressive adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) patients, suggesting the likelihood of microscopic structural damage and its association with progression to the surgical threshold.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Hongru Ma, Zongshan Hu, Benlong Shi, Zhen Liu, Zezhang Zhu, Winnie Chiu Wing Chu, Tsz Ping Lam, Jack Chun Yiu Cheng, Yong Qiu
Summary: The study found that the GAP score may not be suitable for the Chinese population, especially showing poorer feasibility in female and older subjects. Significant differences were also observed in gender and age-related spinopelvic parameters.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Zhichong Wu, Xiufen Zhu, Leilei Xu, Zhen Liu, Zhenhua Feng, Vivian Wing Yin Hung, Jack Chun Yiu Cheng, Yong Qiu, Wayne Y. W. Lee, Tsz Ping Lam, Zezhang Zhu
Summary: The prevalence of low bone-mineral density (BMD) is higher in boys with severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) than in girls. Factors such as sex, body mass index, serum alkaline phosphatase, and potassium are independent risk factors of low BMD in severe AIS patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Orthopedics
Tin Yan Lee, De Yang, Kelly Ka-Lee Lai, Rene M. Castelein, Tom P. C. Schlosser, Winnie Chu, Tsz-Ping Lam, Yong-Ping Zheng
Summary: This study demonstrates that 3D ultrasonography is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating axial vertebral rotation in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. The results show that 3D ultrasonography has a high level of repeatability and accuracy in measuring spinal rotation, with no significant difference compared to other imaging methods. Therefore, 3D ultrasonography can be a potential tool for screening and follow-up of scoliosis patients as well as evaluating the effectiveness of nonsurgical treatments.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhichong Wu, Kenneth Guangpu Yang, Tsz-Ping Lam, Jack Chun Yiu Cheng, Zezhang Zhu, Wayne Yuk-Wai Lee
Summary: This study identified causal proteins and druggable targets for osteoporosis using GWAS summary statistics and estimated bone mineral density. Several proteins associated with bone density and fracture risk were found and validated. Enrichment analysis highlighted the role of collagen binding and extracellular matrix in osteoporosis development.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
D. Yang, T. T. Y. Lee, K. K. L. Lai, T. P. Lam, R. M. Castelein, J. C. Y. Cheng, Yong Ping Zheng
Summary: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of using the ultrasound-derived BAI method in X-ray imaging of scoliosis and provide supplementary information for pre-surgery planning. The results show a significant correlation between BAI and side-bending Cobb angle measurement, and promising performances in scoliotic curve type classification and Lenke classification.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED RADIOLOGY AND SURGERY
(2022)