Article
Critical Care Medicine
Eleonore S. de Sonnaville, Hennie Knoester, Suzanne W. J. Terheggen-Lagro, Marsh Koenigs, Jaap Oosterlaan, Job B. M. van Woensel
Summary: This study investigated the long-term pulmonary outcomes of children with a history of invasive mechanical ventilation for bronchiolitis. It found that a quarter of the children had adverse long-term pulmonary outcomes, with the majority having asthma. The presence of atopic disease in the family and longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation were associated with the presence of asthma. Adverse pulmonary outcomes were also associated with more frequent use of pulmonary medication after discharge from the PICU.
PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Zaid Haddadin, Stockton Beveridge, Kailee Fernandez, Danielle A. Rankin, Varvara Probst, Andrew J. Spieker, Tiffanie M. Markus, Laura S. Stewart, William Schaffner, Mary Lou Lindegren, Natasha Halasa
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) in hospitalized children. RSV-positive children were more likely to be hospitalized, require intensive care unit admission, and receive oxygen compared with children positive for other viruses. Higher viral load, White race, younger age, and higher severity score were independently associated with hospitalization in RSV-positive children.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jocelyn Moyes, Stefano Tempia, Sibongile Walaza, Meredith L. McMorrow, Florette Treurnicht, Nicole Wolter, Anne von Gottberg, Kathleen Kahn, Adam L. Cohen, Halima Dawood, Ebrahim Variava, Cheryl Cohen
Summary: Based on a study in South African children, the burden of RSV-associated illness was estimated, with newborns and infants being the most affected group. Implementing maternal vaccination and monoclonal antibody products for this group can help reduce the disease burden.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mircea Stoian, Adina Roman, Alina Boeriu, Danusia Onisor, Sergio Rares Bandila, Dragos Florin Baba, Iuliu Cocuz, Raluca Niculescu, Anamaria Costan, Sergiu Stefan Laszlo, Dragos Corau, Adina Stoian
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) and non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) in COVID-19 patients in the ICU. The results showed no significant association between IMV/NIMV and radiological changes on thoracic CT scans at the 6-month follow-up. The paraclinical analysis revealed certain parameters related to the choice and severity of mechanical ventilation. Additionally, a significant proportion of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU developed pulmonary fibrosis.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jocelyn Moyes, Stefano Tempia, Sibongile Walaza, Meredith L. McMorrow, Florette Treurnicht, Nicole Wolter, Anne von Gottberg, Kathleen Kahn, Adam L. Cohen, Halima Dawood, Ebrahim Variava, Cheryl Cohen
Summary: Studying the economic burden of RSV-associated illness can help inform decisions on the implementation of maternal vaccines and monoclonal antibodies. A costing study conducted in South Africa estimated the cost of RSV-associated illness in infants and found that the highest cost burden was in the youngest infants.
Article
Immunology
Mauricio T. Caballero, Ashish Satav, Christopher J. Gill, Saad B. Omer, Rachel C. Pieciak, Abdul Momin Kazi, Eric Af Simoes, Fernando P. Polack
Summary: The study found that there are obstacles and challenges in conducting research in developing countries to determine the factors associated with community mortality due to RSV, including obtaining family consent for testing, sampling at the household level, supporting grieving parents, developing tailored strategies for challenging settings, and integrating data from different sources.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Guohong Zhu, Dan Xu, Yuanyuan Zhang, Tianlin Wang, Lingyan Zhang, Weizhong Gu, Meiping Shen
Summary: The study found that the rates of viral infection in children vary by different ages and seasons, with the highest positivity rate of adenovirus appearing in the preschool period, respiratory syncytial virus being highest in infants, and influenza virus increasing with age. The total positive rate of viral infection in different seasons is highest in winter, with influenza positivity rate also being highest in winter.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alessandro Rocca, Carlotta Biagi, Sara Scarpini, Arianna Dondi, Silvia Vandini, Luca Pierantoni, Marcello Lanari
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the main cause of acute respiratory tract infections in children worldwide, and while only symptomatic treatment is available, passive immune prevention methods are being developed for all infants. The high cost of passive immunoprophylaxis limits its prescription to high-risk children, though most hospitalized RSV-infected children do not fully meet the criteria for immune prophylaxis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Orianne Dumas, Riku Erkkola, Eija Bergroth, Kohei Hasegawa, Jonathan M. Mansbach, Pedro A. Piedra, Tuomas Jartti, Carlos A. Camargo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between severe bronchiolitis profiles identified by clustering and childhood asthma. The results showed that children with a history of wheezing and/or eczema and rhinovirus infection had a higher risk of developing childhood asthma.
JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Virology
Jessica Santiago Cruz, Luciano Kleber de Souza Luna, Vitoria Rodrigues Guimaraes Alves, Danielle Dias Conte, Nancy Cristina Junqueira Bellei
Summary: RSV plays a significant role in acute respiratory infections among children. Viral load may impact disease severity and clinical presentation. Age and coinfection with other pathogens can also influence RSV infection outcomes.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shimon Amar, Yonat Shemer Avni, Norm O'Rourke, Tal Michael
Summary: The study examines the incidence rates of infectious diseases after a successful COVID-19 vaccination campaign and the lifting of social restrictions in Israel. The results suggest that the rates of respiratory and gastrointestinal infections have increased, indicating that similar trends could occur in other countries.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
E. Murillo-Zamora, O. Mendoza-Cano, M. Huerta, M. Rios-Silva, A. Lugo-Radillo, V. Benites-Godinez, J. A. Bricio-Barrios, E. F. Rios-Bracamontes, X. Trujillo
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the survival experience of children hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection due to bronchiolitis. A nationwide retrospective cohort study was conducted in Mexico, analyzing data from 436 children aged 5 years and younger. High survival rates were observed within the first three weeks of hospital admission, with a mortality rate of 2.1 per 1,000 person-days.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weiwei Liu, Si Wang, Jia Wang, Rui Zheng, Dalu Wang, Rui Yu, Beixing Liu
Summary: This study found that RSV infection induces the production of a neurotransmitter, neuromedin U (NMU), in the lungs and upregulates the expression of NMUR1 on ILC2s. NMU exacerbates RSV-induced airway inflammation by promoting the proliferation and activation of pulmonary ILC2s. These findings highlight the critical regulatory effects of neurotransmitters on antiviral, inflammatory, and tissue homeostasis during viral respiratory infections.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Hangjie Zhang, Aiqing Zhu, George F. Gao, Zhongjie Li
Summary: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common virus that causes acute respiratory tract infections in children. A study analyzing data from 2014 to 2018 in China found an overall infection rate of 17.3% among children under 5 years old, with the majority being hospitalized. Infants under 6 months old were at higher risk of infection, especially during the winter season. Cough was the most common symptom of RSV infection, and infants under 6 months old were more likely to develop bronchopneumonia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stijn P. Andeweg, Rutger M. Schepp, Jan van de Kassteele, Liesbeth Mollema, Guy A. M. Berbers, Michiel van Boven
Summary: RSV infection is a common occurrence in children, with the majority experiencing it before the age of 2. Age and birthdate are significant predictors of RSV infection probability, with children born in summer having a higher likelihood of infection.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Lucinda J. Weaver, Colm P. Travers, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, David Askenazi
Summary: This article discusses the impact of excessive fluid accumulation on neonates and its related pathophysiology, and provides clinical recommendations for monitoring, prevention, and treatment of fluid overload.
PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Jeremy M. Loberger, Ryan M. Jones, Adeline S. Phillips, Jeremy A. Ruhlmann, A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Priya Prabhakaran
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between endotracheal secretions and pediatric extubation failure, and found that the evaluation of secretion character by bedside nurses was independently associated with extubation failure. A model combining other key factors showed good discrimination for predicting extubation outcomes.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Jean Lowe, Janell F. Fuller, Allison G. Dempsey, Barbara Do, Carla M. Bann, Abhik Das, Kathryn E. Gustafson, Betty R. Vohr, Susan R. Hintz, Kristi L. Watterberg
Summary: This study found that a blunted cortisol awakening response is associated with memory and attention problems in preterm children. This has implications for stress reactivity and learning problems in preterm children.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sujan Ravi, Mahmoud Aryan, William F. Ergen, Laura Leal, Robert A. Oster, Chee P. Lin, Frederick H. Weber, Shajan Peter
Summary: This study demonstrates that a trained registered nurse (RN) can accurately interpret bleeding by observing real-time capsule endoscopy (CE) findings and shows consistency with physician interpretation. Using an RN for interpretation can lead to shorter time for bleeding localization and therapy.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christina Mueller, Adam M. Goodman, Rodolphe Nenert, Jane B. Allendorfer, Noah S. Philip, Stephen Correia, Robert A. Oster, William Curt LaFrance Jr, Jerzy P. Szaflarski
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the repeatability of neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging in healthy controls (HCs) and traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. The results showed that NDI and ODI exhibited excellent repeatability in both groups, with some group differences observed. However, F-ISO had relatively poor repeatability and few group differences were found. These findings suggest that the NDI and ODI metrics can be used to assess the effects of interventions, but caution is advised when interpreting F-ISO changes over time.
JOURNAL OF NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Sonia Fargue, Kyle D. Wood, Joseph J. Crivelli, Dean G. Assimos, Robert A. Oster, John Knight
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Vivek V. Shukla, A. K. M. Fazlur Rahman, Xuejun Shen, Allison Black, Nitin Arora, C. Vivek Lal, Edward F. Bell, Arie Nakhmani, Chengcui Zhang, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Waldemar A. Carlo
Summary: The study evaluated the association between the COVID-19 pandemic and stillbirth and neonatal mortality rates. The findings showed that the neonatal mortality rate decreased during the pandemic periods compared to the baseline period, while the stillbirth rate did not significantly change.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Pravitha Ramanand, Premananda Indic, Colm P. Travers, Namasivayam Ambalavanan
Summary: This study aimed to investigate oxygenation patterns during two types of oxygen supplementation in preterm infants and assess their performance in hypoxemia risk screening during NICU monitoring. The findings showed that oxygen saturation had higher volatility and complexity during digitally-set servo-controlled oxygen environment supplementation. Additionally, variability measures of oxygen saturation exhibited early prognostic value in discriminating infants at higher risk of hypoxemic events. Multivariate models with two features showed good performance in risk stratification.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Bianca M. . Vamesu, Teodora Nicola, Rui Li, Snehashis Hazra, Sadis Matalon, Naftali Kaminski, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Jegen Kandasamy
Summary: Mitochondrial dysfunction at birth is associated with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in extremely low-birth weight (ELBW) infants. Nebulized thyroid hormone (TH) has shown potential to improve mitochondrial function and reduce pulmonary fibrosis in adult animals. This study investigated the effects of intranasal T3 on neonatal lung injury and mitochondrial dysfunction in newborn mice, as well as its impact on lung fibroblasts and mesenchymal stem cells from ELBW infants. The results demonstrated that inhaled T3 attenuated hyperoxia-induced lung injury and improved mitochondrial function in mice, suggesting that TH supplementation might be a valuable therapeutic strategy for BPD.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Nashira I. Brown, Lauren Stewart, Laura Q. Rogers, Mary Anne Powell, Claudia M. Hardy, Monica L. Baskin, Robert A. Oster, Maria Pisu, Wendy Demark-Wahnefried, Dori Pekmezi
Summary: This study assessed the built environment, programs, and policies related to physical activity in six rural counties in Alabama, and found a lack of facilities, policies, and safety features that support physical activity, leading to barriers in rural areas.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Frank E. Litchfield, Robert A. Oster, Chung How Kau, Ejvis Lamani
Summary: This study found that more than half of African American patients experience at least 2 mm of root resorption after orthodontic treatment. However, there is no significant correlation between patient-related factors such as age, gender, dental malocclusion, skeletal classifications, and treatment-related factors with the risk of developing EARR.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ORTHODONTICS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Debra E. Weese-Mayer, Juliann M. Di Fiore, Douglas E. Lake, Anna Maria Hibbs, Nelson Claure, Jiaxing Qiu, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Eduardo Bancalari, James S. Kemp, Amanda M. Zimmet, John L. Carroll, Richard J. Martin, Katy N. Krahn, Aaron Hamvas, Sarah J. Ratcliffe, Narayanan Krishnamurthi, Premananda Indic, Alaleh Dormishian, Phyllis A. Dennery, J. Randall Moorman
Summary: The study found that cardioventilatory events peak during the first month of life in extremely preterm infants, but the trajectory afterwards depends on the type of event, race, sex, and use of mechanical ventilation. Apnea, periodic breathing, and intermittent hypoxemia events rose from day 3 of life then fell to near-resolution by 8-12 weeks of age. Apnea and intermittent hypoxemia were inversely correlated with gestational age, while periodic breathing was positively correlated with gestational age.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Ahmed Abdelgawad, Teodora Nicola, Isaac Martin, Brian A. Halloran, Kosuke Tanaka, Comfort Y. Adegboye, Pankaj Jain, Changchun Ren, Charitharth V. Lal, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Amy E. O'Connell, Tamas Jilling, Kent A. Willis
Summary: This study identifies a gut-lung axis driven by intestinal AMP expression and mediated by the intestinal microbiota that is linked to lung injury in newborns. These findings support that intestinal AMPs modulate lung injury and repair.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Emily Slade, Ann M. Brearley, Adrian Coles, Matthew J. Hayat, Pandurang M. Kulkarni, Amy S. Nowacki, Robert A. Oster, Michael A. Posner, Gregory Samsa, Heidi Spratt, Jesse Troy, Gina-Maria Pomann
Summary: This study evaluates the importance of team science skills among collaborative biostatisticians and identifies 19 essential skills, providing a foundation for improving graduate programs and establishing effective on-the-job training initiatives.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Carla M. Bann, Katherine C. Okoniewski, Leslie Clarke, Deanne Wilson-Costello, Stephanie Merhar, Sara DeMauro, Scott Lorch, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Myriam Peralta-Carcelen, Catherine Limperopoulos, Brenda Poindexter, Jonathan M. Davis, Michele Walsh, Jamie Newman
Summary: This study found that perceived stigma in healthcare settings during pregnancy is associated with psychological distress in the postpartum period. Individuals who reported stigma had higher levels of depression, anxiety, and anger, and lower levels of well-being. They were also more likely to experience food insecurity, adverse childhood experiences, and abuse during pregnancy, and had less emotional support.
ARCHIVES OF WOMENS MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
