期刊
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
卷 72, 期 9, 页码 -出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-012-2124-9
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资金
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)
- Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP)
- Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo (FAPESP)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)
- Chinese Ministry of Education (CMOE)
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China (MSTC)
- Ministry of Education and Youth of the Czech Republic
- Danish Natural Science Research Council
- Carlsberg Foundation
- Danish National Research Foundation
- European Research Council under the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme
- Helsinki Institute of Physics
- Academy of Finland
- French CNRS-IN2P3, France
- Region Pays de Loire, France
- Region Alsace, France
- Region Auvergne, France
- CEA, France
- German BMBF
- Helmholtz Association
- General Secretariat for Research and Technology, Ministry of Development, Greece
- Hungarian OTKA
- National Office for Research and Technology (NKTH)
- Department of Atomic Energy
- Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) of Italy
- MEXT, Japan
- Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna
- National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)
- CONACYT
- DGAPA, Mexico
- ALFA-EC
- HELEN Program (High-Energy physics Latin-American-European Network)
- Stichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie (FOM), Netherlands
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), Netherlands
- Research Council of Norway (NFR)
- Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education
- National Authority for Scientific Research-NASR (Autoritatea Nationala pentru Cercetare, Stiintifica-ANCS)
- Federal Agency of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation
- International Science and Technology Center
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Russian Federal Agency of Atomic Energy
- Russian Federal Agency for Science and Innovations
- CERN-INTAS
- Ministry of Education of Slovakia
- Department of Science and Technology, South Africa
- CIEMAT
- EELA
- Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia of Spain
- Xunta de Galicia (Conselleria de Educacion)
- CEADEN
- Cubaenergia
- Cuba
- IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency)
- Swedish Research Council (VR)
- Knut & Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW)
- Ukraine Ministry of Education and Science
- United Kingdom Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC)
- United States Department of Energy
- United States National Science Foundation
- State of Texas
- State of Ohio
- STFC [ST/J000140/1, ALICE] Funding Source: UKRI
- Science and Technology Facilities Council [ALICE, ST/J000140/1, GRIDPP] Funding Source: researchfish
- Division Of Physics
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0969966] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [20224014, 23340074] Funding Source: KAKEN
Measurements of the sphericity of primary charged particles in minimum bias proton-proton collisions at root s = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC are presented. The observable is measured in the plane perpendicular to the beam direction using primary charged tracks with p(T) > 0.5 GeV/c in vertical bar eta vertical bar < 0.8. The mean sphericity as a function of the charged particle multiplicity at mid-rapidity (N-ch) is reported for events with different p(T) scales (soft and hard) defined by the transverse momentum of the leading particle. In addition, the mean charged particle transverse momentum versus multiplicity is presented for the different event classes, and the sphericity distributions in bins of multiplicity are presented. The data are compared with calculations of standard Monte Carlo event generators. The transverse sphericity is found to grow with multiplicity at all collision energies, with a steeper rise at low N-ch, whereas the event generators show an opposite tendency. The combined study of the sphericity and the mean p(T) with multiplicity indicates that most of the tested event generators produce events with higher multiplicity by generating more back-to-back jets resulting in decreased sphericity (and isotropy). The PYTHIA6 generator with tune PERUGIA-2011 exhibits a noticeable improvement in describing the data, compared to the other tested generators.
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