Review
Psychology, Developmental
Veit Roessner, Heike Eichele, Jeremy S. Stern, Liselotte Skov, Renata Rizzo, Nanette Mol Debes, Peter Nagy, Andrea E. Cavanna, Cristiano Termine, Christos Ganos, Alexander Muenchau, Natalia Szejko, Danielle Cath, Kirsten R. Mueller-Vahl, Cara Verdellen, Andreas Hartmann, Aribert Rothenberger, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Kerstin J. Plessen
Summary: The first European guidelines for Tourette Syndrome (TS) were published in 2011 by the European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome (ESSTS). The updated part on pharmacological treatment emphasizes the importance of psychoeducation and behavioral approaches as first-line treatments. Pharmacological treatment, particularly with dopamine blocking agents like aripiprazole, is indicated in some patients, especially when behavioral approaches are not effective or feasible. Treatment should be individualized based on the patient's needs, preferences, and co-existing conditions.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tamara Pringsheim, Christos Ganos, Christelle Nilles, Andrea E. E. Cavanna, Donald L. L. Gilbert, Erica Greenberg, Andreas Hartmann, Tammy Hedderly, Isobel Heyman, Holan Liang, Irene Malaty, Osman Malik, Nanette Mol Debes, Kirsten Muller Vahl, Alexander Munchau, Tara Murphy, Peter Nagy, Tamsin Owen, Renata Rizzo, Liselotte Skov, Jeremy Stern, Natalia Szejko, Yulia Worbe, Davide Martino
Summary: In 2020, there was a significant increase in referrals for young people with rapid onset of severe tic-like behaviors. A working group was formed to develop clinical criteria for the diagnosis of functional tic-like behaviors (FTLBs) to aid in recognition and diagnosis by healthcare professionals.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jose Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo, Marlene Alonso-Juarez, Joseph Jankovic
Summary: This study reviewed the medical records and video recordings of 155 TS patients and found that 26.5% of them had OM tics. Compared to classic tardive dyskinesia, OM tics have different manifestations and are more commonly associated with oromandibular and eye-rolling movements. Therefore, it is important to differentiate between the two.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jessica Frey, Irene A. Malaty
Summary: This article reviews the current treatments for Tourette syndrome (TS) and discusses emerging therapies. Recent studies have shown promising results in behavioral therapies, pharmacological treatments, and neuromodulation approaches. These new options may provide hope for future treatment of TS patients.
CURRENT NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andrea E. Cavanna
Summary: This article provides an overview of current and emerging pharmacotherapeutic strategies for Tourette syndrome (TS) and emphasizes the importance of tailored pharmacotherapy based on individual patient characteristics and considering both efficacy-to-tolerability ratio and co-morbid conditions.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
James Peters, Nirosen Vijiaratnam, Heather Angus-Leppan
Summary: This study reviewed the clinical spectrum of tic disorders induced by AED, including the types of AED implicated and the characteristics of the symptoms. The analysis revealed that multiple AEDs can induce tic disorders, suggesting that the cause is unlikely to be solely related to alterations in a single neurotransmitter, but rather a network imbalance influenced by various factors.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jose Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo, Marlene Alonso-Juarez, Joseph Jankovic
Summary: Tics are rapid, recurrent, non-rhythmic movements or emitted sounds. This study compared tics associated with Tourette syndrome (TS) and secondary tic disorders (STD). It found that patients with TS had a younger age at onset, more severe and complex tics, and involvement of cranial-cervical muscles. Simple phonic tics showed the highest diagnostic accuracy for TS, but there was overlap in tic types and comorbidities between TS and STD patients.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xuanzi Zhou, Zhaoying Liao, Yi Li, Nanqing Wang, Nong Xiao
Summary: This retrospective study analyzed 126 children diagnosed with Tourette syndrome (TS) at Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from 2019 to 2021. The treatment included tiapride (n = 60) and topiramate (n = 66). The results showed that both tiapride and topiramate significantly reduced tic severity scores, with topiramate showing better results. Furthermore, medication led to significant reduction in five subscores of CPRS in TS patients. However, there was no significant difference in CBCL scores after treatment in both tiapride and topiramate groups.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joanna H. Cox, Andrea E. Cavanna
Summary: There is moderate quality evidence supporting the use of aripiprazole in reducing tic severity in children and adolescents, but there is a lack of robust evidence evaluating its use in adults. However, experts agree that aripiprazole is a safe and effective treatment for tics, and further large scale studies are needed to assess its long-term efficacy and safety, especially in adult populations with TS.
EXPERT REVIEW OF NEUROTHERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Payton Beeler, Nicholas O. Jensen, Soyoung Kim, Amy Robichaux-Viehoever, Bradley L. Schlaggar, Deanna J. Greene, Kevin J. Black, Rajan K. Chakrabarty
Summary: The study confirms the fractal nature of tics, indicating correlation between neighboring time scales. The fractal dimension is correlated with tic severity and serves as a sensitive parameter for examining the effects of tic suppression conditions. This finding opens up new possibilities for utilizing the fractal nature of tics as a tool for assessing and treating tic disorders.
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chang-Chun Wu, Lee-Chin Wong, Chia-Jui Hsu, Chianne-Wen Yang, Ying-Chieh Tsai, Feng-Shiang Cheng, Hsiao-Yun Hu, Wang-Tso Lee
Summary: The study suggests that probiotics may not reduce tics in children with Tourette syndrome, but they may benefit comorbidities such as attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. Further research is needed to clarify the effects of probiotics on the comorbidities of Tourette syndrome children.
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Natalia Szejko, Sally Robinson, Andreas Hartmann, Christos Ganos, Nanette M. Debes, Liselotte Skov, Martina Haas, Renata Rizzo, Jeremy Stern, Alexander Munchau, Virginie Czernecki, Andrea Dietrich, Tara L. Murphy, Davide Martino, Zsanett Tarnok, Tammy Hedderly, Kirsten R. Muller-Vahl, Danielle C. Cath
Summary: This article presents an updated version 2.0 of European clinical guidelines for Tourette syndrome and other tic disorders, focusing on assessment. The guidelines were developed through thorough literature screening, national guidelines supplementation, and expert discussions within ESSTS. Diagnostic changes between DSM-IV and DSM-5 classifications, recommendations for rating scales, and new information on differential diagnoses are highlighted. Additionally, a recent survey among ESSTS members on assessment in TS is discussed.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jose Fidel Baizabal-Carvallo, Joseph Jankovic
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the frequency and features of blocking tics in patients with Tourette syndrome (TS). The results showed that approximately 6% of patients had blocking phenomena, with phonic tic intrusion causing speech arrest being the most common. Variables such as shoulder tics, leg tics, copropraxia, dystonic tics, simple phonic tics, and number of phonic tics per patient were statistically related to blocking phenomena. The presence of dystonic tics and a higher number of phonic tics were associated with blocking phenomena.
JOURNAL OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Stephanie L. Merhar, Songthip Ounpraseuth, Lori A. Devlin, Brenda B. Poindexter, Leslie W. Young, Sean D. Berkey, Moira Crowley, Adam J. Czynski, Autumn S. Kiefer, Bonny L. Whalen, Abhik Das, Janell F. Fuller, Rosemary D. Higgins, Vaishali Thombre, Barry M. Lester, P. Brian Smith, Sarah Newman, Pablo J. Sanchez, M. Cody Smith, Alan E. Simon
Summary: A retrospective cohort study evaluated the outcomes of infants receiving secondary therapy with phenobarbital or clonidine for treatment of NOWS, in comparison to morphine treatment. Infants treated with phenobarbital had shorter hospital stays and durations of morphine treatment compared to clonidine-treated infants, with higher rates of continued medication use upon discharge.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Justyna Kaczynska, Piotr Janik
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence, age of onset, and clinical correlates of blocking tics (BTs) in patients with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS). BTs represent early and common symptoms of GTS, associated with a more severe form of the syndrome.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gaston Baslet, Sepideh N. Bajestan, Selma Aybek, Mandana Modirrousta, Jason Price, Andrea Cavanna, David L. Perez, Shelby Scott Lazarow, Geoffrey Raynor, Valerie Voon, Simon Ducharme, W. Curt LaFrance
Summary: The systematic review found that semiology with video EEG (vEEG) remains the most valuable tool for diagnosing PNES, while the predictive value of other clinical factors is relatively low and needs to be carefully analyzed in conjunction with other factors. Diagnosis of PNES requires a comprehensive assessment that may include factors such as prolactin level and personality assessment to aid in identification.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lille Kurvits, Tina Mainka, Andrea E. Cavanna, Andrea A. Kuehn, Christos Ganos
Summary: Tics and allo-aggressive behaviors may be misdiagnosed, but they are not the same, highlighting the importance of a comprehensive assessment of symptoms to avoid misdiagnosis.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Veit Roessner, Heike Eichele, Jeremy S. Stern, Liselotte Skov, Renata Rizzo, Nanette Mol Debes, Peter Nagy, Andrea E. Cavanna, Cristiano Termine, Christos Ganos, Alexander Muenchau, Natalia Szejko, Danielle Cath, Kirsten R. Mueller-Vahl, Cara Verdellen, Andreas Hartmann, Aribert Rothenberger, Pieter J. Hoekstra, Kerstin J. Plessen
Summary: The first European guidelines for Tourette Syndrome (TS) were published in 2011 by the European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome (ESSTS). The updated part on pharmacological treatment emphasizes the importance of psychoeducation and behavioral approaches as first-line treatments. Pharmacological treatment, particularly with dopamine blocking agents like aripiprazole, is indicated in some patients, especially when behavioral approaches are not effective or feasible. Treatment should be individualized based on the patient's needs, preferences, and co-existing conditions.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Natalia Szejko, Yulia Worbe, Andreas Hartmann, Veerle Visser-Vandewalle, Linda Ackermans, Christos Ganos, Mauro Porta, Albert F. G. Leentjens, Jan-Hinnerk Mehrkens, Daniel Huys, Juan Carlos Baldermann, Jens Kuhn, Carine Karachi, Cecile Delorme, Thomas Foltynie, Andrea E. Cavanna, Danielle Cath, Kirsten Mueller-Vahl
Summary: The European Society for the Study of Tourette Syndrome published guidelines for DBS treatment of TS in 2011, which were later updated based on current literature and expert survey. Results from studies show that the efficacy of DBS in TS may be influenced by methodological issues and placebo effects. Therefore, the efficacy and tolerability of DBS in TS remain open to debate.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
A. E. Cavannaa
REVUE NEUROLOGIQUE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cristiano Termine, Vera Galli, Linda Greta Dui, Valentina Berlusconi, Rachele Taras, Marta Vergani, Francesca Lunardini, Simona Ferrante, Andrea Eugenio Cavanna
Summary: This study investigated the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on children and adolescents with tic disorders in Italy. The findings showed that about 50% of the patients reported changes in tic severity, restlessness, and irritability during the lockdown. Difficulties with remote learning increased, but feelings of missing out on social interactions decreased.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andrea E. Cavanna
Summary: This article provides an overview of current and emerging pharmacotherapeutic strategies for Tourette syndrome (TS) and emphasizes the importance of tailored pharmacotherapy based on individual patient characteristics and considering both efficacy-to-tolerability ratio and co-morbid conditions.
EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Book Review
Psychiatry
Andrea E. Cavanna
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Letter
Behavioral Sciences
Andrea E. Cavanna
EPILEPSY & BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Andrea E. Cavanna, Giulia Purpura, Anna Riva, Renata Nacinovich, Stefano Seri
Summary: Stoic philosophy has direct relevance to the clinical care of patients with neuropsychiatric conditions and has influenced the development of cognitive behavioral therapies.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Amy Connery, Andrea E. E. Cavanna, Ross Coleman
Summary: This paper explores the potential benefits of integrating Stoic principles and techniques into stuttering intervention, and provides key recommendations for future clinical practice and research. It offers valuable insights to expand the clinical toolkit of modern psychotherapy and speech and language therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE & COMMUNICATION DISORDERS
(2023)
Book Review
Psychiatry
Andrea E. Cavanna, Stefano Seri
COGNITIVE NEUROPSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Clinical Neurology
A. Cavanna
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Renata Nacinovich, Monica Bomba, Silvia Oggiano, Simona Di Guardo, Fiorenza Broggi, Andrea E. Cavanna
Summary: Children with Down syndrome exhibit differences in cognitive and adaptive functions, with working memory being the most significantly affected and adaptive functions generally more impaired. Older children with DS show relatively worse adaptive functions compared to cognitive functions.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Mohammed K. Quraishi, Hammed Sadique, Andrea E. Cavanna
Summary: This retrospective study found that longer waiting times negatively affect clinical outcomes of group therapy sessions for functional neurological disorders in a neuropsychiatry setting. Clinicians should be aware of the possible impact of waiting times on the care pathways of patients with functional neurological disorders, and prioritize streamlined care pathways for early intervention.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Karlijn Bouman, Jeroen L. M. van Doorn, Jan T. Groothuis, Peter J. Wijkstra, Baziel G. M. van Engelen, Corrie E. Erasmus, Jonne Doorduin, Nicol C. Voermans
Summary: The majority of LAMA2-MD and all SELENON-RM patients had respiratory impairment. SELENON-RM patients showed lower respiratory function which was progressive, more prevalent mechanical ventilation, and more severe diaphragm atrophy and dysfunction than LAMA2-MD patients. Spirometry (FVC%, dVC) and respiratory muscle strength tests (SNIP) are useful in clinical care and as outcome measure in clinical trials.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Oliviero Bruni, Maria Breda, Emanuela Malorgio, Paolo Brambilla, Flavia Ceschin, Andrea Di Pilla, Maurizio Elia, Raffaele Ferri
Summary: This study aimed to describe the use of melatonin by Italian pediatricians in healthy children with chronic insomnia. The results showed that a high percentage of pediatricians prescribed melatonin, especially in children aged 1-2 years. The most common dosage was 1 mg/day and it was usually recommended to be taken 30 minutes before bedtime. Melatonin was often combined with sleep hygiene and was found to be effective in reducing difficulties falling asleep.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lucie Sedlackova, Katalin Sterbova, Marketa Vlckova, Pavel Seeman, Jana Zarubova, Petr Marusic, Pavel Krsek, Hana Krijtova, Alena Musilova, Petra Lassuthova
Summary: In this study, whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify causal variants for developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) in patients whose genetic diagnosis was not determined by gene panel testing. The results showed that WES can successfully identify disease-causing variants, even after inconclusive gene panel testing. Detailed clinical evaluations and phenotype-genotype correlation studies were conducted to better understand the rare subtypes of DEEs.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PAEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY
(2024)
