Review
Psychology, Clinical
Jude Mary Cenat, Cary S. Kogan, Philmona Kebedom, Gloria Ukwu, Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Moshirian Farahi, Wina Paul Darius, Schwab Mulopo Bakombo, Rose Darly Dalexis, Assumpta Ndengeyingoma, Pari-Gole Noorishad, Patrick R. Labelle
Summary: This study investigates the use of psychostimulant drugs among Black individuals and finds a high prevalence rate. However, current psychosocial interventions are not optimal and further research is warranted.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2023)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Anees Bahji, Lia Mesbah-Oskui
Summary: This study reviewed the efficacy and safety of using psychostimulant medications to treat depression, with some psychostimulants, like methylphenidate, showing effectiveness and good tolerability for depression and related symptoms. However, due to small sample sizes and few RCTs, the strength of evidence in the estimates was generally considered low to very low, highlighting the need for additional high-quality RCTs to confirm the findings.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
John S. Markowitz, Philip W. Melchert
Summary: ADHD is a common neurobehavioral disorder that often starts in childhood and continues into adulthood. The symptoms are diverse and can cause significant impairments. There are various treatment approaches available for ADHD.
CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adriana Cojocaru, Lavinia Maria Hogea, Vladimir Poroch, Mihaela Adriana Simu, Virgil Radu Enatescu, Roxana Jeleriu, Nicoleta Ioana Andreescu, Maria Puiu, Bogdan Gheorghe Hogea, Mirela Grigoras, Roxana Folescu, Carmen Lacramioara Zamfir, Ileana Enatescu, Laura Alexandra Nussbaum
Summary: The study aimed to assess the clinical evolution of ADHD patients based on the type of drug treatment administered: psychostimulant or non-psychostimulant. Both psychostimulant-Methylphenidate, and non-psychostimulant therapy-Atomoxetine, significantly improved symptoms of ADHD. Results showed that both types of drugs are effective in reducing symptom severity and improving the clinical condition of ADHD patients, with significantly better results obtained with psychostimulant treatment according to comparative analysis.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Review
Substance Abuse
Kathleen R. McNealy, Lucas Weyrich, Rick A. Bevins
Summary: Nicotine interacts with prescription psychostimulants, such as D-amphetamine and methylphenidate, in various behavioral and neurochemical tasks, indicating a significant role in high nicotine-prescription psychostimulant co-use. However, there is a lack of research on interactions in women/female rodents, consideration of ADHD symptoms, and the influence of prescription psychostimulant exposure on later nicotine-related outcomes. Alternative ADHD pharmacotherapy bupropion has also been less widely studied in relation to nicotine.
DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Annie Regan, Seth Margolis, Harriet de Wit, Sonja Lyubomirsky
Summary: This study conducted a multilevel meta-analysis on 27 studies with 592 participants to quantify the strength of MDMA's effects on self-reported social connection. The results revealed a moderate-to-large effect of MDMA on sociability-related outcomes, suggesting its potential implications for social contexts and clinical settings. The study also discussed potential mechanisms underlying the relationship between MDMA and sociability-related feelings.
Review
Neurosciences
Rafal R. Jaeschke, Ewelina Sujkowska, Magdalena Sowa-Kucma
Summary: Psychostimulants, particularly methylphenidate (MPH), are commonly used in treating attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. This paper aims to provide an updated overview of the pharmacology and clinical utility of MPH for adult ADHD patients, suggesting that MPH is effective and safe in this population.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Anthony Yuan, Natasha Kharas, Nicholas King, Pamela Yang, Nachum Dafny
Summary: The study found that cross-sensitization between MPD and AMP is dose-dependent, with exposure to 2.5 mg/kg and 10.0 mg/kg MPD in adolescence and adulthood or in adulthood alone leading to cross-sensitization with AMP, while exposure to 0.6 mg/kg MPD in adolescence and adulthood or in adulthood alone did not result in cross-sensitization with AMP.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Nathalie Brunkhorst-Kanaan, Berit Libutzki, Andreas Reif, Henrik Larsson, Rhiannon V. McNeill, Sarah Kittel-Schneider
Summary: Studies have shown an increased risk of accidents and injuries in individuals with ADHD across different age groups, with medication appearing to be effective in reducing this risk. However, there is a lack of direct comparison studies on accident/injury types and medication effects in different age groups or in older age. Furthermore, comorbidities associated with ADHD, such as substance abuse, seem to further elevate the risk of accidents/injuries.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Wei Wei, Li Chen, Hui Zhou, Jinfeng Liu, Yue Zhang, Shiyu Feng, Yingtao Bai, Yanen Leng, En Chang, Liang Huang
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of the safety profiles of methylphenidate, atomoxetine, and Amphetamine, the three most commonly used medications for ADHD, across different age groups and genders using the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database. The analysis revealed significant safety concerns, including dyskinesia, myocardial infarction, hypertension, and neonatal exposures via breast milk for methylphenidate; hostility/aggression, taste and smell disorders, and hostility/aggression for atomoxetine; psychosis and psychotic disorders, hostility/aggression, and Other ischaemic heart disease for Amphetamine. Male patients showed a higher occurrence of adverse events, particularly in terms of cardiac disorders.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Joseph Biederman, Maura DiSalvo, Allison Green, K. Yvonne Woodworth, Talia Gilfix, Cecilia Law, John Gabrieli, Stephen Faraone
Summary: The study found that 24% of untreated adults with ADHD needed to switch from their initially prescribed stimulant family within 60 days of starting treatment due to poor tolerability. Differences in baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were observed between those who needed to switch and those who did not.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ornella Valenti, Alice Zambon, Stefan Boehm
Summary: The study found that a single dose of amphetamine and the selective adenosine A2A antagonist KW-6002 reduced population activity of dopamine neurons, while repeated administration led to drug-conditioned place preference and unaltered or enhanced activity. Conversely, recurring injections of caffeine or DPCPX did not cause conditioned place preference and consistently reduced dopamine neuron activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Laura Herrera-Isaza, Santiago Zarate-Guerrero, Karen Corredor, Angela Gomez-Fonseca, Guillermo Escobar-Cornejo, Fernando P. Cardenas
Summary: This study aimed to investigate how environmental enrichment can mitigate the effects of chronic methylphenidate consumption on the behavior of Wistar rats. The results showed that an enriched environment can counteract some of the effects of methylphenidate, which is relevant for the clinical treatment of long-lasting secondary effects associated with methylphenidate pharmacological treatment.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Chiara Toschi, Mona El-Sayed Hervig, Parisa Moazen, Maximilian G. Parker, Jeffrey W. Dalley, Ulrik Gether, Trevor W. Robbins
Summary: This study found that high impulsive rats showed superior performance and earned more reinforcers on tasks requiring rapid responding, unlike low impulsive rats. Dopaminergic agents like methylphenidate and amphetamine, as well as the alpha-2a adrenoceptor antagonist atipamezole, improved performance on short inter-trial interval trials and increased impulsivity, mimicking the behavioral profile of high impulsive rats. In contrast, the noradrenergic agents atomoxetine and phenylephrine impaired performance on short inter-trial interval trials and decreased impulsivity, resembling the behavioral profile of low impulsive rats.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eldad Yechiam, Dana Zeif
Summary: The study found that methylphenidate (MPH) and mixed D,L-amphetamine salts (MASs) can reduce heuristic responses and improve performance on the cognitive reflection test (CRT). Taking MPH had a strong positive effect on CRT scores, while there were no effects on risk-taking and numeracy.
PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Matti Cervin, Euripedes C. Miguel, Aysegul Selcen Guler, Ygor A. Ferrao, Ayse Burcu Erdogdu, Luisa Lazaro, Sebla Gokce, Daniel A. Geller, Yasemin Yulaf, Saziye Senem Basgul, Ozlem Ozcan, Koray Karabekiroglu, Leonardo F. Fontenelle, Yanki Yazgan, Eric A. Storch, James F. Leckman, Maria Conceicao do Rosario, David Mataix-Cols
Summary: This study established a comprehensive symptom structure model of OCD across the lifespan, consisting of eight broad dimensions valid across the lifespan. Incompleteness and Disturbing Thoughts were found to be most central in the network analysis, with unique interconnections to other dimensions. The eight broad dimensions were differentially related to sociodemographic and clinical variables.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Psychiatry
Natalia Polga, Pedro Macul Ferreira de Barros, Luis C. Farhat, Karla Mathias de Almeida, Michael H. Bloch, Beny Lafer
Summary: Both advanced paternal and maternal age are associated with an increased risk of bipolar disorder (BD) in offspring. Further studies are needed to investigate the mechanisms behind this association.
ACTA PSYCHIATRICA SCANDINAVICA
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Clinical
Samuel T. Wilkinson, Daniel Trujillo Diaz, Zachary W. Rupp, Anubhav Kidambi, Karina L. Ramirez, Jose M. Flores, Victor J. Avila-Quintero, T. Greg Rhee, Mark Olfson, Michael H. Bloch
Summary: This study found that lithium has a protective effect against suicide in bipolar disorder, as well as in mixed diagnostic samples. Clozapine was also shown to reduce the odds of suicide in psychotic disorders. However, other treatments such as electroconvulsive therapy and antipsychotics did not show significant associations with suicide risk.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Douglas K. Novins, Gabrielle A. Carlson, James F. Leckman, John V. Campo, Kenneth E. Towbin
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luis C. Farhat, Jose M. Flores, Emily Behling, Victor J. Avila-Quintero, Adam Lombroso, Samuele Cortese, Guilherme Polanczyk, Michael H. Bloch
Summary: We conducted a large-scale systematic review and meta-analysis to examine the effects of stimulant dose and dosing strategies on clinical outcomes in children/adolescents with ADHD. Our findings suggest that flexible titration of stimulant medications can improve efficacy and acceptability.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Emily Behling, Luis C. Farhat, Angeli Landeros-Weisenberger, Michael H. Bloch
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials to evaluate the efficacy, acceptability, and tolerability of Vesicular monoamine transporter type 2 (VMAT2) inhibitors for chronic tic disorders (CTD), including Tourette syndrome (TS). The results showed that VMAT2 inhibitors did not have a significant effect on the short-term treatment of tic disorders and had no clinically meaningful impact on tic symptoms, but there were some adverse effects on tolerability and acceptability.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jana Essing, Ewgeni Jakubovski, Nikolas Psathakis, Sinan N. Cevirme, James F. Leckman, Kirsten R. Mueller-Vahl
Summary: The study found that premonitory urges (PUs) associated with tics were typically located in the same body area as, or in direct proximity to, the corresponding tic. Most frequently, PUs were located in the face and head (62.1%). Complex tics were more often preceded by a PU compared to simple tics, with no difference in PU frequency observed between motor and vocal tics. PUs were more often experienced at the front rather than the back of the body (73% vs. 27%), with no difference between the right and left sides (41.6% vs. 41.3%).
JOURNAL OF MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Michael H. Bloch, Krystal Finch
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Melanie V. Brady, Jessica Mariani, Yildiz Koca, Anna Szekely, Robert A. King, Michael H. Bloch, Angeli Landeros-Weisenberger, James F. Leckman, Flora M. Vaccarino
Summary: This study investigates the pathophysiology of early development in Tourette Syndrome (TS) using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived basal ganglia (BG) organoids. The findings suggest that TS individuals show impaired development of medial ganglionic eminence and reduced differentiation of cholinergic and GABAergic interneurons in the BG organoids. Transcriptome analyses reveal mispatterning in TS, with altered expression of GLI transcription factors and cilia disruption in the early stages of BG organoid differentiation.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Pediatrics
Alice Lineham, Victor J. Avila-Quintero, Michael H. Bloch, Jennifer Dwyer
Summary: This study aims to investigate the association between acute dissociative symptoms and antidepressant response to ketamine in adolescents with treatment-resistant depression. The results indicate no significant relationship between dissociation symptoms and depression symptom improvement with ketamine treatment in this population. However, the interpretation of the findings may be limited due to the small sample size. Future research should include larger samples to more accurately measure the magnitude of association between acute dissociative symptoms and later antidepressant response to ketamine.
JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Psychiatry
Thiago Blanco-Vieira, Joaquim Radua, Livia Marcelino, Michael Bloch, David Mataix-Cols, Maria Conceicao do Rosario
Summary: This study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) genetic epidemiology, aiming to update the current knowledge in the field. The findings include the high prevalence and familial nature of OCD, especially among the relatives of children and adolescent probands, with a phenotypic heritability of around 50%, and the higher correlations of OCD symptoms between monozygotic twins are mainly attributed to genetic and non-shared environmental factors.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
James F. Leckman, Liliana Angelica Ponguta, Gabriela Pavarini, Sascha D. Hein, Michael F. Mccarthy, Haifa Staiti, Suna Hanoz-Penney, Joanna Rubinstein, Kyle D. Pruett, M. Yanki Yazgan, N. Shemrah Fallon, Franz J. Hartl, Margalit Ziv, Rima Salah, Pia Rebello Britto, Siobhan Fitzpatrick, Catherine Panter-Brick
Summary: Children's environments, especially relationships with caregivers, play a crucial role in shaping developing brains and bio-behavioral systems. Investing in early childhood development is essential for creating peaceful, equitable, and sustainable societies.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHONEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Pia R. Britto, Suna Hanoz-Penney, Liliana Angelica Ponguta, Diane Sunar, Ghassan Issa, Sascha D. Hein, Maria Conceicao do Rosario, Maha A. Almuneef, Irem Korucu, Yaya Togo, Jamshed Kurbonov, Nurlan Choibekov, Hien Thi Thu Phan, N. Shemrah Fallon, Bekir B. Artukoglu, Franz J. Hartl, Rima Salah, Siobhan Fitzpatrick, Paul Connolly, Laura Dunne, Sarah Miller, Kyle Pruett, James F. Leckman
Summary: This article provides an overview of international efforts inspired by Edward Zigler's vision to improve programs and policies for young children and families in the United States. The efforts align with three strategies articulated by Zigler: conducting research, designing quality early childhood development programs, and investing in building the next generation of scholars and advocates in child development. The intergenerational impact of Zigler's legacy has influenced young children not only in the US but also globally, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts to ensure optimal development for every child.
DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Fernanda Speggiorin Pereira Alarcao, Elizabeth Shephard, Daniel Fatori, Renata Amavel, Anna Chiesa, Lislaine Fracolli, Alicia Matijasevich, Helena Brentani, Charles A. Nelson, James Leckman, Euripedes Constantino Miguel, Guilherme Polanczyk
Summary: This study aimed to test whether a home-visiting intervention could improve early attachment relationships between adolescent mothers and their infants living in poverty in Brazil. The results showed that infants in the intervention group had better attachment with their mothers and showed more positive social behavior at 12 months, with smaller Nc amplitudes to the mother's face at 6 months being associated with better social behavior at 12 months.
DEVELOPMENTAL SCIENCE
(2021)