Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Erica D. Musser, Stephanie S. J. Morris, Kathleen Feeney, Rosario Pintos Lobo, Edward F. Ester
Summary: Inattention is a key symptom of ADHD, but the mechanisms underlying it are unclear. More specific approaches are needed to link disruptions in cognitive performance with ADHD behaviors. A pilot study found that even typically developing children did not maximally extract and combine information to maximize rewards in a cognitive task targeting attention selection mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Edward D. Barker, Alex Ing, Francesca Biondo, Tianye Jia, Jean-Baptiste Pingault, Ebba Du Rietz, Yuning Zhang, Barbara Ruggeri, Tobias Banaschewski, Sarah Hohmann, Arun L. W. Bokde, Uli Bromberg, Christian Buechel, Erin Burke Quinlan, Edmund Sounga-Barke, April B. Bowling, Sylvane Desrivieres, Herta Flor, Vincent Frouin, Hugh Garavan, Philip Asherson, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Bernd Ittermann, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos-Orfanos, Luise Poustka, Michael N. Smolka, Nora C. Vetter, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Gunter Schumann
Summary: There is a clear link between ADHD, impulsivity features, and overweight/obesity, with neural and polygenic correlates playing a role in this association. The study found shared neural substrate associated with impulsivity symptoms, BMI, and their respective polygenic risk scores, indicating a common genetic liability for ADHD and BMI. Impulsivity symptoms and BMI were also mediated by neuroimaging substrate, revealing a potential underlying mechanism for their phenotypic association.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Oliver Grimm, Daan van Rooij, Asya Tshagharyan, Dilek Yildiz, Jan Leonards, Ahmed Elgohary, Jan Buitelaar, Andreas Reif
Summary: In this study, MRI scans and reward system testing revealed that ADHD patients with comorbid disorders may have less intrastriatal connectivity, indicating that greater comorbidity severity could result in impaired reward and decision-making abilities in patients.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mana Oguchi, Toru Takahashi, Yusuke Nitta, Hiroaki Kumano
Summary: Among adults with ADHD, procrastination is one of the most common problems in daily life. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between suboptimal decision-making or temporal discounting (TD) and procrastination among adults with ADHD. The results showed that even when ADHD symptoms were high, higher TD rates were associated with more procrastination, while lower TD rates were associated with less procrastination. The study suggests that procrastination interventions for adult ADHD-prone individuals need to pay attention to reward responses.
Article
Psychiatry
Teague R. R. Henry, Nicholas D. D. Fogleman, Tehila Nugiel, Jessica R. R. Cohen
Summary: Methylphenidate (MPH) is the recommended first-line treatment for ADHD. This study used functional MRI and network control theory to analyze the effects of MPH on brain network dynamics in children with ADHD. The findings suggest that MPH may stabilize functional network dynamics and improve cognitive performance in children with ADHD.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jyoti Mishra, Mira Lowenstein, Richard Campusano, Yihan Hu, Juan Diaz-Delgado, Jacqueline Ayyoub, Rajat Jain, Adam Gazzaley
Summary: This study demonstrates that neural oscillations in the alpha band desynchronize during attentive preparation under frontal control. Through neurofeedback training, significant improvement in task performance and sustained attention can be achieved, showing the translational utility of this approach in both adults and children with ADHD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Chun-Yi Lee, Joshua Oon Soo Goh, Susan Shur-Fen Gau
Summary: This study examined altered neural processing of stimuli values associated with risk-taking decision behavior in adults with ADHD. The results showed that adults with ADHD had slower response times and tended to accept more stakes with a middle-to-low probability of winning compared to healthy controls. Adults with ADHD also exhibited lower activity in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and reduced sensitivity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in response to linear changes in probability.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY & NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ergonomics
Yalda Ebadi, Abigail Helm, Apoorva P. Hungund, Shannon C. Roberts, Jennifer M. McDermott, Jeffery N. Epstein, Donald L. Fisher
Summary: The study found that L2 driving automation systems can decrease hazard anticipation and mitigation skills among young drivers with symptoms of ADHD, impacting them differently depending on their level of automation.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Stefano Damiani, Livio Tarchi, Andrea Scalabrini, Simone Marini, Umberto Provenzani, Matteo Rocchetti, Francesco Oliva, Pierluigi Politi
Summary: Research shows that the subcortical structure, particularly the caudate nucleus, plays a significant role in Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) by exhibiting significant differences in functional connectivity, such as increased connectivity with two mesolimbic regions related to the Salience Network. The degree of hyper-functional connectivity is positively correlated with ADHD symptoms and shows different patterns of evolution in ADHD and neurotypical subjects.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Myrte J. M. van Langen, Branko M. van Hulst, Miriam Douma, Maarten Steffers, Nicolle M. H. van de Wiel, Els van den Ban, Sarah Durston, Patrick de Zeeuw
Summary: The study found that in children with ADHD, parent-rated reward sensitivity was associated with treatment outcomes, with children who had lower reward sensitivity showing greater improvement in behavioral interventions.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Luca Katzenmajer-Pump, Daniel Komaromy, Judit Balazs
Summary: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and depression symptoms are strongly correlated with suicidal thoughts and planning among adolescents. This study emphasizes the importance of recognizing worthlessness for suicide prevention in adolescents with ADHD and supports previous findings that depression and anxiety symptoms mediate the relationship between ADHD and suicidal thoughts and planning. The comorbidity of ADHD with depression and GAD and their impact on suicidal thoughts and planning is also highlighted.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan M. Grotewiel, Megan E. Crenshaw, Amelia Dorsey, Elizabeth Street
Summary: Hyperfocus and flow are intense concentration experiences associated with reduced perception of irrelevant stimuli and improved task performance. Hyperfocus has been historically seen as a symptom of ADHD, autism, or schizophrenia, while flow is regarded as an enjoyable experience in positive psychology. Recent studies suggest that hyperfocus and flow may be the same phenomenon viewed from different perspectives.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Dara E. Babinski, Erika F. H. Saunders, Fan He, Duanping Liao, Amanda M. Pearl, Daniel A. Waschbusch
Summary: This study examined the diagnostic indicators, clinical characteristics, and functional impairment associated with adult ADHD using electronic medical records and self-report measures. The results showed a significant difference in prevalence of ADHD between self-report screening and medical records. ADHD was found to contribute to functional impairment even when controlling for other psychiatric comorbidities.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nadia Ali, Amanda Caceres, Eric W. Hall, Dawn Laney
Summary: This pilot study compared reported symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity in adults with Fabry disease with normative control data, finding a higher prevalence of symptoms in Fabry disease patients. The study suggests that attention difficulties in Fabry disease patients are not solely explained by ADHD. Patients reporting symptoms were also more likely to report difficulties in adaptive functioning.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Agnes S. Chan, Zihan Ding, Tsz-lok Lee, Sophia L. Sze, Natalie S. Yang
Summary: Objective temporal processing deficits were found among children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The study developed an online assessment tool for temporal processing which showed sensitivity in distinguishing ADHD children from typically developing (TD) children. Results revealed that ADHD children had lower accuracy in tasks involving tones and CV syllables, and a higher threshold in the CV task. Hierarchical binary logistic regression suggested that accuracy in the tone task and the passing threshold in the CV task could predict ADHD children. The online assessment may provide a valid tool for differentiating ADHD children from TD children.
Article
Neurosciences
Regina Boecker-Schlier, Nathalie E. Holz, Arlette F. Buchmann, Dorothea Blomeyer, Michael M. Plichta, Christine Jennen-Steinmetz, Isabella Wolf, Sarah Baumeister, Jens Treutleind, Marcella Rietschel, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Tobias Banaschewski, Daniel Brandeis, Manfred Laucht
Article
Psychology, Clinical
A. Krause-Utz, S. Cackowski, S. Daffner, Esther Sobanski, Michael M. Plichta, M. Bohus, G. Ende, C. Schmahl
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Nathalie E. Holz, Regina Boecker, Christine Jennen-Steinmetz, Arlette F. Buchmann, Dorothea Blomeyer, Sarah Baumeister, Michael M. Plichta, Guenter Esser, Martin Schmidt, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Tobias Banaschewski, Daniel Brandeis, Manfred Laucht
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2016)
Article
Neurosciences
Nathalie E. Holz, Regina Boecker-Schlier, Arlette F. Buchmann, Dorothea Blomeyer, Christine Jennen-Steinmetz, Sarah Baumeister, Michael M. Plichta, Anna Cattrell, Gunter Schumann, Guenter Esser, Martin Schmidt, Jan Buitelaar, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Tobias Banaschewski, Daniel Brandeis, Manfred Laucht
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2017)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Oliver Grimm, Stefan Kaiser, Michael M. Plichta, Philippe N. Tobler
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2017)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Boettger Soenke, Knoepfel Silvana, Schubert Maria, Garcia Nunez David, Plichta Michael Martin, Klaghofer Richard, Jenewein Josef
SWISS MEDICAL WEEKLY
(2017)
Letter
Psychiatry
Sandra Passardi, Peter Peyk, Michael Rufer, Michael M. Plichta, Christoph Mueller-Pfeiffer, Tanja S. H. Wingenbach, Katayun Hassanpour, Ulrich Schnyder, Monique C. Pfaltz
PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Biological
Giannis Lois, Peter Kirsch, Magdalena Sandner, Michael M. Plichta, Michele Wessa
Article
Neurosciences
Nathalie E. Holz, Regina Boecker-Schlier, Christine Jennen-Steinmetz, Erika Hohm, Arlette F. Buchmann, Dorothea Blomeyer, Sarah Baumeister, Michael M. Plichta, Guenter Esser, Martin Schmidt, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Tobias Banaschewski, Daniel Brandeis, Manfred Laucht
SOCIAL COGNITIVE AND AFFECTIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2018)
Article
Neurosciences
Franziska Suchan, Juliane Kopf, Heike Althen, Andreas Reif, Michael M. Plichta
ACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Maria Bretzke, Nora C. Vetter, Gregor Kohls, Hannes Wahl, Veit Roessner, Michael M. Plichta, Judith Buse
Summary: This study investigates the role of uncertainty in loss processing and avoidance. The results show slower response times in adolescents compared to adults when it comes to avoiding loss, and adults show higher brain activation during the anticipation of potential monetary loss compared to adolescents.
COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Florian Freudenberg, Heike Althen, Kim Falk, Robert A. Bittner, Andreas Reif, Michael M. Plichta
Summary: This study confirms the high test-retest reliability of the prepulse inhibition (PPI) in humans and validates its correlation with working memory (WM) performance. Detailed analysis suggests that PPI is regulated by cross-conditional processes such as attention, and there is a specific and significant correlation between 76 dB PPI condition and WM.
ACTA NEUROPSYCHIATRICA
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Kira F. Ahrens, Rebecca J. Neumann, Nina M. von Werthern, Thorsten M. Kranz, Bianca Kollmann, Bjoern Mattes, Lara M. C. Puhlmann, Danuta Weichert, Beat Lutz, Ulrike Basten, Christian J. Fiebach, Michele Wessa, Raffael Kalisch, Klaus Lieb, Andreas G. Chiocchetti, Oliver Tuscher, Andreas Reif, Michael M. Plichta
Summary: This study analyzed the relationship between risk scores for psychiatric phenotypes, hair cortisol concentrations (HCC), and mental health trajectories during the first COVID lockdown in Germany. The results indicated a significant association between risk scores and allocation to the acute dysfunction class. Elevated HCC was also found to be associated with childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorders. These findings suggest the potential for future studies on risk prediction.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Tanja S. H. Wingenbach, Mark Brosnan, Monique C. Pfaltz, Michael M. Plichta, Chris Ashwin
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2018)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Monique C. Pfaltz, Gwyneth W. Y. Wu, Guanyu Liu, Amelia P. Tankersley, Ashley M. Stilley, Michael M. Plichta, Richard J. McNally
JOURNAL OF BEHAVIOR THERAPY AND EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHIATRY
(2017)
