Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michaela Minarski, Christoph Maas, Christine Heinrich, Katrin A. Boeckmann, Wolfgang Bernhard, Anna Shunova, Christian F. Poets, Axel R. Franz, Steven Zeisel
Summary: Choline is essential for the development of infants, especially very low birth weight infants. However, the choline content in breast milk is lower after preterm delivery, and current formulas and fortified breast milk do not provide sufficient choline to achieve physiological concentrations. Increasing enteral choline intake is suggested to improve the growth and long-term development of very low birth weight infants.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nancy E. Moran, Joshua Wade, Rachel Stroh, Barbara Stoll, Gregory Guthrie, Amy B. Hair, Douglas G. Burrin
Summary: The study found that preterm pigs fed with donor human milk had higher concentrations of liver beta-carotene compared to those fed with premature infant formula. However, liver vitamin A stores were higher in pigs fed with infant formula. Additionally, plasma, liver, and jejunum concentrations of lutein, zeaxanthin, and lycopene were higher in pigs fed with donor human milk. The study suggests that further research should be conducted to investigate the bioactivity and bioavailability of carotenoids in infants.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Paul Clarke, Martin J. Shearer, David J. Card, Amy Nichols, Vennila Ponnusamy, Ajit Mahaveer, Kieran Voong, Karen Dockery, Nicky Holland, Shaveta Mulla, Lindsay J. Hall, Cecile Maassen, Petra Lux, Leon J. Schurgers, Dominic J. Harrington
Summary: A study on preterm infants born <33 weeks' gestation found that those who continue to be breastfed after discharge are at high risk of developing subclinical VK deficiency. It is recommended to supplement breastfed infants with VK1 to prevent this deficiency.
JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Lauren E. E. Lynch, Amy B. B. Hair, Krishnakant G. G. Soni, Heeju Yang, Laura A. A. Gollins, Monica Narvaez-Rivas, Kenneth D. R. Setchell, Geoffrey A. A. Preidis
Summary: Cholestasis refers to impaired bile flow from the liver to the intestine. In neonates, cholestasis causes poor growth and may progress to liver failure and death. This study examined the development of the liver-gut-microbiome axis and the effects of cholestasis on this development in extremely preterm infants. The results showed that cholestasis interrupts the development of the secondary bile acid biosynthesis pathway and bile salt hydrolase genes, which are important for normal bile flow.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Debora Gabriela Fernandes Assuncao, Lorena Thalia Pereira da Silva, Juliana Dantas de Araujo Santos Camargo, Ricardo Ney Cobucci, Karla Danielly da Silva Ribeiro
Summary: Vitamin E deficiency is not only associated with preterm newborns but also found in full-term newborns. This deficiency can compromise neurogenesis in children. Further studies are needed to assess the difference in vitamin E status among newborns of different gestational ages to support neonatal monitoring protocols.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Huan Liu, Qixiong Chen, Linchao Yu, Ting Yang, Jie Chen, Jingkun Miao, Tingyu Li
Summary: The study found that vitamin A levels in healthy infants increased significantly with age, even without additional supplementation. The percentage of infants with low vitamin A levels decreased from birth to 6 months. No infants showed clinical signs of vitamin A deficiency during the follow-up period.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
R. Luciano, D. M. Romeo, G. Mancini, S. Sivo, C. Dolci, C. Velli, A. Turriziani Colonna, G. Vento, C. Romagnoli, E. M. Mercuri
Summary: The study found that iron supplementation in the first 6 months of life can significantly improve the neurodevelopmental quotient of healthy late-preterm infants at 1 year of age. Infants who received iron supplementation showed higher developmental quotients and better psychomotor development compared to those who received a placebo.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jogender Kumar, Jitendra Meena, Ankit Ranjan, Praveen Kumar
Summary: This systematic review examined the effect of oropharyngeal application of colostrum or mother's own milk on preterm infants, and found that it can reduce the risk of infection and necrotizing enterocolitis, and has benefits in early feeding.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Katrin A. Boeckmann, Wolfgang Bernhard, Michaela Minarski, Anna Shunova, Cornelia Wiechers, Christian F. Poets, Axel R. Franz
Summary: This study compared the effects of different deuterated choline components on the kinetics of D9-choline, D9-betaine, and D9-PC. The results showed that D9-choline chloride, D9-GPC, and D9-phosphoryl-choline had similar effects in increasing plasma D9-choline and D9-betaine levels, while D9-POPC shifted the metabolism towards D9-PC. Combined supplementation of GPC and (PO) PC may be the best approach to optimize choline supply in preterm infants.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Pediatrics
Young Shin Kim, Minku Kang, Young June Choe, Joohon Sung, Ji Yeon Lee, Seung-Ah Choe
Summary: Twins have a higher risk of perinatal complications compared to singletons. However, when considering neonatal and familial risk factors, the under-five mortality rates for twins were found to be lower than singleton births among late preterm and term births.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Larissa L. Neves, Amy B. Hair, Geoffrey A. Preidis
Summary: Growth failure is a common consequence of prematurity, but biomarkers and therapies for it have not been established. This systematic review aims to identify the association between neonatal gut microbiota and early postnatal growth. The lack of consensus in defining neonatal growth may limit the discovery of consistent clinical associations, which hampers the improvement of care for preterm neonates.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Malgorzata Dobrzynska, Katarzyna Kaczmarek, Juliusz Przyslawski, Slawomira Drzymala-Czyz
Summary: This literature review aims to summarize the research progress on selenium levels in infants and preschool children and the risk of deficiency related to regular consumption.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ramon V. Cortez, Andrea Fernandes, Luiz Gustavo Sparvoli, Marina Padilha, Rubens Feferbaum, Corintio Mariani Neto, Carla R. Taddei
Summary: The oropharyngeal administration of colostrum has an impact on the establishment of preterm infants' oral microbiota, leading to changes in the relative abundance of different bacterial species, with time being a key factor in oral modulation in early life.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Despina D. Briana, Ariadne Malamitsi-Puchner
Summary: Birth occurring at very preterm or extremely preterm gestation may lead to respiratory problems both in the immediate newborn period and throughout childhood and adulthood. Despite improvements in neonatal care, a considerable percentage of preterm infants develop long-term respiratory deficits due to interrupted respiratory development and postnatal lung injury caused by interventions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexandra D. George, Melvin C. L. Gay, Mary E. Wlodek, Kevin Murray, Donna T. Geddes
Summary: The study found that infant intake of various fatty acids is positively correlated with infant growth and development, including C15:0, C18:1, C18:2, and C20:3. However, no relationship was found between C22:5 and C20:5 and infant head circumference. Infant total lipid intake and the intake of many fatty acids play essential roles in infant growth and development.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wolfgang Bernhard, Katrin Boeckmann, Christoph Maas, Michaela Mathes, Julia Hoevelmann, Anna Shunova, Verena Hund, Erwin Schleicher, Christian F. Poets, Axel R. Franz
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2020)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michaela Minarski, Christoph Maas, Corinna Engel, Christine Heinrich, Katrin Boeckmann, Wolfgang Bernhard, Christian F. Poets, Axel R. Franz
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wolfgang Bernhard
Summary: Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients often experience choline deficiency due to exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, impacting organ functions. Choline deficiency results in hepatic choline/phosphatidylcholine accretion from lung tissue, explaining the link between choline deficiency and lung function. Evaluation of choline supplementation in CF patients of all ages is necessary.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna Shunova, Katrin A. Boeckmann, Michaela Minarski, Axel R. Franz, Cornelia Wiechers, Christian E. Poets, Wolfgang Bernhard
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Franziska Schleger, Katarzyna Linder, Louise Fritsche, Jan Pauluschke-Froehlich, Martin Heni, Magdalene Weiss, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Hubert Preissl, Andreas Fritsche
Summary: Maternal metabolism and intrauterine conditions play a significant role in determining the health and disease development of offspring. Gestational diabetes in mothers can lead to a higher risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes in their children. While interventions for GDM appear to be effective overall, they may not impact fetal postprandial brain responses, possibly due to their timing in late pregnancy. Future research should focus on early maternal lifestyle interventions to potentially influence fetal development.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wolfgang Bernhard, Anna Shunova, Juergen Machann, Mona Grimmel, Tobias B. Haack, Philipp Utz, Ute Graepler-Mainka
Summary: In patients with cystic fibrosis, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency can lead to progressive hepatosteatosis and choline deficiency. Supplementation with choline chloride can decrease liver fat and volume, normalize liver function, and improve plasma choline levels.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Cornelia Wiechers, Wolfgang Bernhard, Rangmar Goelz, Christian F. Poets, Axel R. Franz
Summary: Providing adequate and timely nutrition support to preterm infants during early postnatal period is crucial for optimal growth and long-term outcomes, emphasizing on enteral nutrition and early initiation of feeding. However, there is limited knowledge on certain aspects such as optimal parenteral nutrition composition, transition to full enteral nutrition, and the need for breast milk fortification. Further prospective studies are needed to address these gaps in knowledge and improve preterm infant feeding practices.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Pediatrics
Julia Romberg, Marko Wilke, Christoph Allgaier, Thomas Nagele, Corinna Engel, Christian F. Poets, Axel Franz
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review to determine reference ranges for MRI-based brain volumes of very preterm infants at term-equivalent age. The findings provide valuable reference data for future studies on neurodevelopment and interpretation of MRI-based volumetric findings in preterm infants.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Wolfgang Bernhard, Marco Raith, Anna Shunova, Stephan Lorenz, Katrin Boeckmann, Michaela Minarski, Christian F. Poets, Axel R. Franz
Summary: The metabolism of choline in critical organs during rapid growth is poorly understood. This study investigated the kinetics of D9-choline and its metabolites in various organs of 14-day-old rats. The findings suggest that exogenous choline is rapidly metabolized to PC by all organs, with the liver supplying the brain and lung with PC via plasma. The conversion of choline to betaine feeds the one-carbon pool and should be taken into account when calculating choline requirements.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andras Franko, Martin Irmler, Cornelia Prehn, Silke S. Heinzmann, Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin, Jerzy Adamski, Johannes Beckers, Juergen-Christoph von Kleist-Retzow, Rudolf Wiesner, Hans-Ulrich Haring, Martin Heni, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Martin Hrabe de Angelis
Summary: The study found that bezafibrate improved glucose metabolism in diabetic mice by decreasing inflammatory pathways and increasing insulin signaling and lipid pathways. This resulted in ameliorated glucotoxicity and reduced insulin resistance in the mice.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Louise Fritsche, Julia Hartkopf, Julia Hummel, Dorina S. Loeffler, Hajime Yamazaki, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Andreas Peter, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Robert Wagner, Andreas Fritsche, Hubert Preissl, Martin Heni
Summary: Maternal metabolism and gestational weight gain are associated with offspring autonomic nervous system function. Children of mothers with low gestational weight gain have lower parasympathetic tone. The presence of gestational diabetes may affect this association.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miriam Hoene, Xinjie Zhao, Juergen Machann, Andreas L. L. Birkenfeld, Martin Heni, Andreas Peter, Andreas Niess, Anja Moller, Rainer Lehmann, Guowang Xu, Cora Weigert
Summary: Physical exercise is a powerful preventative measure for cardiometabolic diseases. The individual response to lifestyle interventions varies and cannot currently be predicted. Recent research has shown that Lac-Phe produced during exercise could contribute to weight loss and potentially explain differences in the effectiveness of exercise interventions in humans.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michaela Minarski, Christoph Maas, Christine Heinrich, Katrin A. Boeckmann, Wolfgang Bernhard, Anna Shunova, Christian F. Poets, Axel R. Franz, Steven Zeisel
Summary: Choline is essential for the development of infants, especially very low birth weight infants. However, the choline content in breast milk is lower after preterm delivery, and current formulas and fortified breast milk do not provide sufficient choline to achieve physiological concentrations. Increasing enteral choline intake is suggested to improve the growth and long-term development of very low birth weight infants.
Letter
Pediatrics
Wolfgang Bernhard, Christian F. Poets, Axel Franz
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD-FETAL AND NEONATAL EDITION
(2021)