Article
Neurosciences
Anna Bodzeta, Nicky Scheefhals, Harold D. MacGillavry
Summary: The various functions of glutamate in the brain are mediated by ionotropic and metabotropic glutamate receptors, which modulate synaptic transmission and plasticity. mGluRs play roles at both presynaptic and postsynaptic sites, acting as essential signal integrators that couple mechanisms of transmission and plasticity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miranda Mele, Pasqualino De Luca, Ana Rita Santos, Marta Vieira, Ivan L. Salazar, Paulo S. Pinheiro, Carlos B. Duarte
Summary: This study investigated the regulation of the synaptic protein GRASP1 by ubiquitin-dependent mechanisms, revealing an impact on the surface distribution and activity of AMPA receptors. Ubiquitination was found to decrease dendritic levels of GRASP1 and surface expression of GluA1 subunits, leading to a reduction in mEPSC amplitudes, effects that were partially reversed by cotransfection with GRASP1.
Review
Neurosciences
Jeremy M. Henley, Jithin D. Nair, Richard Seager, Busra P. Yucel, Gavin Woodhall, Benjamin S. Henley, Karolina Talandyte, Hope I. Needs, Kevin A. Wilkinson
Summary: Epilepsy is caused by abnormal neuronal network activity. The review focuses on the role and regulation of kainate and AMPA receptors in seizure activity, discussing the impact of GluK2 and GluA2 subunits on their respective receptors' properties.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ulyana Lalo, Ioannis P. Nezis, Yuriy Pankratov
Summary: The study reveals the importance of autophagy in regulating synaptic transmission, synaptic plasticity, and the positive effects of metformin and resveratrol on brain function.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Thomas P. Cast, Daniel J. Boesch, Kim Smyth, Alisa E. Shaw, Michael Ghebrial, Soham Chanda
Summary: The amino acid substitution mutation (R101Q) in the NLGN4 gene impairs the maturation and surface trafficking of NLGN4 protein, leading to reduced synaptic localization and functional impact on neurons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chengzhang Li, Zhenrong Li, Sihan Xu, Sanwei Jiang, Zhenli Ye, Bin Yu, Shixiang Gong, Junmei Li, Qilin Hu, Bingyan Feng, Mengmeng Wang, Chengbiao Lu
Summary: We found that exogenous AMPA can dose-dependently inhibit carbachol-induced oscillation in the CA3 area of rat hippocampal slices, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. Our results suggest that CP-AMPAR and CaMKK negatively modulate the formation of oscillation, and AMPA downregulation of oscillation may be related to the reduced recurrent excitation within the CA3 local neuronal network.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Guang-ying Li, Qiu-zi Wu, Tian-jia Song, Xue-chu Zhen, Xiang Yu
Summary: Normal brain function relies on the complex neural network, which is formed and maintained through synaptogenesis and synaptic plasticity. Deficiency in growth hormone can lead to brain development abnormalities and impair learning and memory, while growth hormone replacement therapy has been shown to ameliorate cognitive deficits. However, the underlying mechanism is still largely unknown.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zikai Zhou, Guiqin He, Xiaoyun Zhang, Xin Lv, Xiaolin Zhang, An Liu, Shuting Xia, Hao Xie, Rui Dang, Lifang Han, Junxia Qi, Yanghong Meng, Shunying Yu, Wei Xie, Zhengping Jia
Summary: Synaptic scaling, a form of homeostatic plasticity, is initiated by the release of neurite growth-promoting factor 2 (NGPF2) following TTX treatment, leading to actin reorganization and stabilization of AMPARs at the synapse via the ALK-LIMK-cofilin signaling pathway.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raul Riquelme, Laura Li, Abigail Gambrill, Andres Barria
Summary: Wnt signaling is crucial for regulating synaptic and neuronal function in the mature CNS. Our study demonstrates that the Wnt receptor ROR2 can independently activate downstream signaling and regulate key synaptic components through homodimerization. Understanding ROR2 signaling is important for comprehending the regulation of synaptic and neuronal function in normal brain processes.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Tayla A. Rees, Andrew F. Russo, Simon J. O'Carroll, Debbie L. Hay, Christopher S. Walker
Summary: This study identified the relative distributions of the AMY(1) receptor subunit, CTR, and CGRP in neurons or glia in the trigeminal ganglia of rats, mice, and humans. It was found that CTR and CGRP were primarily colocalized in small to medium sized neurons, suggesting a role for CTR-based receptor activation during migraine. The results suggest that targeting the trigeminal ganglia CTR-based receptor could be a potential treatment for craniofacial pain and migraine.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Marc Dahlmanns, Jana Katharina Dahlmanns, Carla C. Schmidt, Maria Jesus Valero-Aracama, Fang Zheng, Christian Alzheimer
Summary: The study reveals that activin A modulates neuronal excitability, synaptic transmission, and network activity to enhance cognitive functions. This modulation is activity-dependent and particularly prominent in novel and enriched environments (EE).
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daisuke Miyamoto, William Marshall, Giulio Tononi, Chiara Cirelli
Summary: The study indicates that sleep helps strengthen synapses after learning, and molecular changes in spines during sleep are related to performance after sleep. Sleep assists in enhancing the effects of learning on synapses, while also weakening remaining spines.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sighild Lemarchant, Melissa Sourioux, Juliette Le Douce, Alexandre Henriques, Noelle Callizot, Sandrine Hugues, Melissa Farinelli, Yann Godfrin
Summary: NX210c enhances excitatory synaptic currents and synaptic transmission in the brain, leading to improved memory. By modulating synaptic transmission and signaling, NX210c presents an innovative therapeutic opportunity for neurological disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yuka Nakaya, Satoshi Kosukegawa, Satomi Kobayashi, Kensuke Hirose, Kouhei Kitano, Kotoe Mayahara, Hiroki Takei, Mitsuru Motoyoshi, Masayuki Kobayashi
Summary: This study investigated the effects of insulin on neural activities and inhibitory currents in the rat insular cortex. The findings showed that insulin increased the firing rate of inhibitory neurons and enhanced inhibitory currents between neurons. These effects were mediated through insulin receptor signaling pathways and involved the modulation of GABA release.
Article
Neurosciences
Shu-Ling Chiu, Chih-Ming Chen, Richard L. Huganir
Summary: The study revealed a novel function of ICA69 in AMPAR trafficking, synaptic plasticity, and animal cognition. ICA69 regulates the distribution and stability of PICK1 in neurons, which impacts AMPAR function in the brain. The genetic deletion of ICA69 selectively impairs NMDAR-dependent LTP and leads to behavioral deficits in spatial and associative learning and memory.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)