Article
Food Science & Technology
Barbara Reynes, Mariona Palou, Andreu Palou, Francisca Serra
Summary: The co-administration of MET with beta-sitosterol seems to neutralise part of the beneficial effects of MET in WDIO rats.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Parviz Naderipoor, Mohammad Amani, Ali Abedi, Nona Sakhaie, Farshid Sadegzadeh, Hakimeh Saadati
Summary: The study found that blockade of GABA-A receptors in neonatal rats can affect neurobehavioral phenotypes in adulthood, with higher doses increasing passive avoidance memory and hippocampal BDNF levels, while lower doses impair this memory type and increase PFC BDNF levels. Additionally, drug treatment during the neonatal period increased anxiety and pain sensitivity in a dose-dependent manner. Overall, these results suggest the importance of GABA-A receptors in programming neurobehavioral phenotypes in adult life.
BRAIN RESEARCH BULLETIN
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Axelle Khouma, Moein Minbashi Moeini, Julie Plamondon, Denis Richard, Alexandre Caron, Natalie Jane Michael
Summary: Histamine, a neuromodulator in the brain, contributes to the regulation of various physiological processes, including energy balance, through histaminergic signaling in the hypothalamus. Two histamine receptors, H1R and H3R, play important roles in key hypothalamic nuclei involved in energy homeostasis. Activation of H1R suppresses food intake, while activation of H3R stimulates appetite. The central histaminergic system is implicated in weight gain induced by atypical antipsychotics and has potential as a therapeutic target for obesity treatment.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Aulinas, Maged Muhammed, Kendra R. Becker, Elisa Asanza, Kristine Hauser, Casey Stern, Julia Gydus, Tara Holmes, Helen Burton Murray, Lauren Breithaupt, Nadia Micali, Madhusmita Misra, Kamryn T. Eddy, Jennifer J. Thomas, Elizabeth A. Lawson
Summary: This study examined the response of anorexigenic oxytocin to food intake in adolescents and young adults with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID). It was found that individuals with ARFID had higher levels of oxytocin compared to healthy controls at all time points.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Allison W. Rautmann, Claire B. de la Serre
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a key role in modulating host physiology and behavior, particularly in relation to feeding behavior, energy balance, and obesity. Changes in microbiome composition due to diet can lead to weight gain, adiposity, and alterations in ingestive behavior. Research is focused on understanding the role of the microbiome in the development of obesity and using microbiome manipulation to reduce food intake and promote weight loss.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Isabel van Ackern, Angela Kuhla, Bjoern Kuhla
Summary: The endocannabinoid system is crucial in regulating food intake, with pharmacological activation increasing intake in energy-deficient stages, particularly in intermittent feeders. Injection of 2-AG and AEA can boost food intake in the short term, with varying responses to food deprivation, 2-AG showing higher sensitivity than AEA.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michele Malaguarnera, Tiziano Balzano, Mari Carmen Castro, Marta Llansola, Vicente Felipo
Summary: The study suggests that GABA(A) receptor modulation may be a suitable target for improving neuroinflammation in MHE, as evidenced by the effects of the GABA(A) antagonist bicuculline in reducing inflammation in hyperammonemic rats while possibly inducing inflammation in control rats. This indicates a complex interaction between the GABAergic system and the immune system in the development of neuroinflammation in MHE.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Daniela G. Costa, Claudia Almeida, Claudia Cavadas, Sara Carmo-Silva
Summary: This review provides an overview of physiological mechanisms involved in satiety and methodologies to assess food intake and satiety. It focuses on the differences between satiety and satiation, how the central nervous system regulates food intake and satiety, the impact of different macronutrients on satiety, and how the manipulation of food composition can influence overall satiety. Bringing together this knowledge on satiety mechanisms is useful for understanding and controlling obesity and other eating disorders.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Anil Joshi, Marion Schott, Susanne Eva la Fleur, Michel Barrot
Summary: Food intake is a necessary behavior for all animals, but excessive consumption of fat and sugar can lead to obesity. This review provides insights into the impact of food intake on the striatal complex and the modulation of palatable food intake by different neurochemical systems.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Sara Comesan, Cristina Velasco, Jose L. Soengas
Summary: Results from an in vitro study suggest that rainbow trout hypothalamus responds to changes in leucine levels in a similar way to in vivo observations, activating amino acid sensing systems and GCN2 kinase. However, the activation of mTOR signaling pathway by leucine observed in vivo appears to be indirect, potentially due to the lack of connections between hypothalamus and other brain areas or changes in hormone levels such as insulin.
Article
Neurosciences
Diana Lucaci, Xiao Yu, Paul Chadderton, William Wisden, Stephen G. Brickley
Summary: We investigated the effects of histamine and GABA release from TMN axons projecting to the PFC on circuit processing. Histamine stimulated fast-spiking interneurons, while released GABA enhanced tonic inhibition on PyrNs. Histamine-induced gain changes were blocked by histamine receptor antagonists, while GABA-induced gain changes were blocked by GABAA receptor antagonists. The GABA modulation of PyrN excitability by TMNHDC axons increased significantly in older mice, potentially enhancing information processing and maintaining cognition in aging individuals.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Juliette Salvi, Pierre Andreoletti, Etienne Audinat, Eglantine Balland, Selma Ben Fradj, Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki, Tony Heurtaux, Fabienne Lienard, Emmanuelle Nedelec, Carole Rovere, Stephane Savary, Anne Vejux, Doriane Trompier, Alexandre Benani
Summary: Maintaining energy balance is crucial for survival and health. The brain receives various signals to regulate food intake based on energy needs. Microglial cell activation in the hypothalamus may affect energy balance, and nutritional lipids can play a role in this process.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jinfang Huang, Qian Xu, Yuhang Li, Xiaoman He, Yajie Guo, Xiangrong Sun
Summary: CaSR activation in the area postrema (AP) suppresses food intake, and glutamatergic and GABAergic signaling pathways in the AP-paraventricular nucleus (PVN) are involved.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Dhamyaa Abed Najm Al-Halboosi, Olena Savchenko, Lora K. Heisler, Sergiy Sylantyev
Summary: Obesity is a global health challenge caused by excessive calorie intake. The brain plays a crucial role in controlling food intake, and NAG neurons, which co-express NPY, AgRP, and GABA, are identified as hunger and food intake stimulators. Activation of 5-HT1BR leads to a decrease in food intake by suppressing NAG neuron activity and neurotransmitter release.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hatice Solak, Z. Isik Solak Gormus, Raviye Ozen Koca, Canan Eroglu Gunes, Selim Kutlu
Summary: Depression is a common and serious disease, and this study investigates the therapeutic effect of sertraline on rats with depression and its impact on cell proliferation and peptide levels in the hypothalamus. Sertraline improves depression symptoms by regulating the formation and survival of neural cells, and hypothalamic tanycytes may play a key role in energy metabolism regulation.
NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)