Article
Neurosciences
Ruksana Yesmin, Miho Watanabe, Adya Saran Sinha, Masaru Ishibashi, Tianying Wang, Atsuo Fukuda
Summary: Activated AgRP neurons in the arcuate nucleus directly project to CRH axon terminals in the median-eminence and modulate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis via NKCC1-dependent GABAergic excitation. These findings highlight the important role of AgRP neurons in HPA axis regulation.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monica Imbernon, Benedicte Dehouck, Vincent Prevot
Summary: The suprachiasmatic nucleus plays a crucial role in synchronizing physiology with the individual's environment, while tanycytes regulate the circadian changes in brain glucose entry and glycemia under the tempo set by the SCN.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hollis Wright, Carlos F. Aylwin, Carlos A. Toro, Sergio R. Ojeda, Alejandro Lomniczi
Summary: The research demonstrates that EED plays a crucial role in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus by repressing the expression of Kdm6b to increase H3K27me3 abundance at gene promoters, thereby reducing gene expression in a gene network controlling puberty activation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alice Katherine Freeman, Kelly A. Glendining, Christine L. Jasoni
Summary: The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus plays a central role in regulating body weight homeostasis by sensing peripheral metabolic signals and relaying them through neural circuits to other brain areas. The early postnatal development of these neural circuits is crucial for normal body weight homeostasis, with peripheral regulators like leptin, insulin and ghrelin playing key roles. However, the exact processes underlying axonal and dendritic growth in this developmental stage remain unclear, with new molecular players being identified in the development of neural circuits regulating body weight homeostasis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sreekala Nampoothiri, Ruben Nogueiras, Markus Schwaninger, Vincent Prevot
Summary: This review discusses the key role glial cells play in regulating energy balance, emphasizing their relevance in the pathophysiology of metabolic diseases. Glial cells, located at the interface of blood vessels and neurons, participate in integrating and transmitting peripheral signals to neuronal networks in the brain for whole-body metabolism control. Metabolic diseases like obesity and type 2 diabetes can disrupt the communication mediated by glial cells between the brain and the periphery, highlighting the importance of these cell types in the pathophysiology of such complications.
Article
Surgery
William D. Gerull, William Sherrill, Michael M. Awad
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical outcomes of a large series of robotic MALR patients and showed that the robotic approach to MALR is safe and feasible, with 90.3% of patients having no abdominal pain at 1-year follow up.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marilena Marraudino, Beatriz Carrillo, Brigitta Bonaldo, Ricardo Llorente, Elia Campioli, Iciar Garate, Helena Pinos, Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura, Paloma Collado, Daniela Grassi
Summary: The study evaluated the distribution of GPER in the rat hypothalamus, showing that GPER immunoreactivity is expressed in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, with differences observed in different sexes, regions, and stages of the estrous cycle in females.
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Gustavo Romero-Velez, Juan S. Barajas-Gamboa, Juan Pablo Pantoja, Ricard Corcelles, John Rodriguez, Salvador Navarrete, Woosup M. Park, Mathew Kroh
Summary: The laparoscopic approach for the treatment of median arcuate ligament syndrome offers shorter length of stay, lower rates of complications and reoperation compared to the open approach.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Solomiia Korchynska, Patrick Rebernik, Marko Pende, Laura Boi, Alan Alpar, Ramon Tasan, Klaus Becker, Kira Balueva, Saiedeh Saghafi, Peer Wulff, Tamas L. Horvath, Gilberto Fisone, Hans-Ulrich Dodt, Tomas Hokfelt, Tibor Harkany, Roman A. Romanov
Summary: This study identifies a hypothalamic locus for the diurnal control of locomotion and pinpoints a cellular target of psychostimulants, which is important for understanding their mechanisms of action.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Charlotte Vanacker, R. Anthony Defazio, Charlene M. Sykes, Suzanne M. Moenter
Summary: The study suggests that astrocytes can activate the release of GnRH/LH independent of KNDy neurons by modulating neuronal activity, thus playing a role in regulating fertility.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sophie Buller, Sara Kohnke, Robert Hansford, Takahiro Shimizu, William D. Richardson, Clemence Blouet
Summary: This study reveals the plasticity of myelination in the adult median eminence (ME) and its regulation by nutritional signals. It shows that oligodendrocyte generation and myelin production are continuously occurring in the adult ME, but myelin amounts remain stable due to turnover. Furthermore, it demonstrates that the plasticity of ME myelination is influenced by diet and plays a role in energy balance regulation.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roldan Medina de Guia, Anna S. Hassing, Tao Ma, Kaja Plucinska, Birgitte Holst, Zach Gerhart-Hines, Brice Emanuelli, Jonas T. Treebak
Summary: Deletion of Nampt in AgRP neurons causes progressive neurodegeneration and impairs responses to fasting and ghrelin in a context-dependent manner.
Article
Surgery
Charles DeCarlo, Karen Woo, Andre S. van Petersen, Robert H. Geelkerken, Alina J. Chen, Savannah L. Yeh, Gloria Y. Kim, Peter K. Henke, Margaret C. Tracci, Matthew B. Schneck, Dirk Grotemeyer, Bernd Meyer, Randall R. DeMartino, Parvathi B. Wilkins, Sina Iranmanesh, Vinamr Rastogi, Bernadette Aulivola, Lindsey M. Korepta, William P. Shutze, Kimble G. Jett, Rebecca Sorber, Christopher J. Abularrage, Graham W. Long, Paul G. Bove, Mark G. Davies, Dimitrios Miserlis, Michael Shih, Jeniann Yi, Ryan Gupta, Jacky Loa, David A. Robinson, Alexander Gombert, Panagiotis Doukas, Giovanni de Caridi, Filippo Benedetto, Catherine M. Wittgen, Matthew R. Smeds, Bauer E. Sumpio, Sean Harris, Zoltan Szeberin, Eniko Pomozi, Francesco Stilo, Nunzio Montelione, Nicolas J. Mouawad, Peter Lawrence, Anahita Dua
Summary: Previous research on median arcuate ligament syndrome focused mainly on institutional case series, with limited clarity on the optimal approach and outcomes. This study compared the outcomes of different approaches to median arcuate ligament release (MALR) and identified predictors of long-term treatment failure. The results showed that open and laparoscopic MALR had similar long-term treatment failure rates, but open release was associated with higher perioperative morbidity. Preoperative celiac plexus block was found to be helpful in patient selection.
JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Reproductive Biology
Rodrigo A. Carrasco, Jaswant Singh, Marcelo H. Ratto, Gregg P. Adams
Summary: The study characterized the anatomical framework and sites of action of the NGF-mediated ovulation-inducing system in llamas. Both TrkA and P75 receptors were highly expressed in specific regions of the llama hypothalamus, with tanycytes playing a close role between GnRH and kisspeptin.
BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ryosuke Nakatsubo, Atsushi Sofuni, Takayoshi Tsuchiya, Kentaro Ishii, Reina Tanaka, Ryosuke Tonozuka, Shuntaro Mukai, Kazumasa Nagai, Yukitoshi Matsunami, Kenjiro Yamamoto, Hiroyuki Kojima, Hirohito Minami, Noriyuki Hirakawa, Kyoko Asano, Takao Itoi
Summary: This case report describes a fatal biliary hemorrhage in a patient with invasive pancreatic cancer and MALS. The diagnosis and treatment strategies discussed in this study are of great importance for clinical practice.