Article
Biology
Maximilian Lenz, Amelie Eichler, Pia Kruse, Julia Muellerleile, Thomas Deller, Peter Jedlicka, Andreas Vlachos
Summary: The study demonstrates that the vitamin A metabolite all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) induces synaptic plasticity in mouse dentate granule cells, particularly in the dorsal hippocampus, leading to an increase in excitatory postsynaptic current frequencies and synapse numbers. AtRA treatment improved the ability of dentate granule cells to express LTP, with this plasticity-promoting effect being dependent on synaptopodin. These findings highlight the role of atRA in mediating synaptopodin-dependent metaplasticity in mouse dentate granule cells.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Johanna Wallensten, Fariborz Mobarrez, Marie Asberg, Kristian Borg, Aniella Beser, Alexander Wilczek, Anna Nager
Summary: This study found that stress-related mental disorders may be associated with changes in astrocytes and neurons. Elevated levels of S100B, a peripheral marker, were observed in patients with chronic stress-induced exhaustion disorder (SED), especially in women. These findings suggest a potential link between astrocyte pathophysiological changes and cognitive dysfunction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kif Liakath-Ali, Jai S. Polepalli, Sung-Jin Lee, Jean-Francois Cloutier, Thomas C. Sudhof
Summary: This study reveals the crucial role of presynaptic neurexin-ligand cerebellin-4 (Cbln4) in long-term potentiation (LTP) at EC -> DG synapses. Binding of presynaptic Cbln4 to postsynaptic neogenin-1 enables the EC -> DG synapses to undergo LTP, but is not necessary for the establishment or function of these synapses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jerome Ribot, Rachel Breton, Charles-Felix Calvo, Julien Moulard, Pascal Ezan, Jonathan Zapata, Kevin Samama, Matthieu Moreau, Alexis-Pierre Bemelmans, Valentin Sabatet, Florent Dingli, Damarys Loew, Chantal Milleret, Pierre Billuart, Glenn Dallerac, Nathalie Rouach
Summary: This study found that astrocytes control critical-period closure in the mouse visual cortex, involving regulation of the extracellular matrix to promote interneuron maturation. Unconventional astrocyte connexin signaling inhibits the expression of extracellular matrix-degrading enzyme MMP9 through a pathway involving RhoA-GTPase activation. Astrocytes are not only involved in influencing the activity of single synapses, but are also key elements in the experience-dependent wiring of brain circuits.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael R. Williamson, Stephanie P. Le, Ronald L. Franzen, Nicole A. Donlan, Jill L. Rosow, Mathilda S. Nicot-Cartsonis, Alexis Cervantes, Benjamin Deneen, Andrew K. Dunn, Theresa A. Jones, Michael R. Drew
Summary: This study reveals that cells migrating from the subventricular zone after stroke promote brain repair and functional recovery in mice.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marlene F. Pereira, Ines M. Amaral, Catia Lopes, Catarina Leitao, Daniela Madeira, Joao P. Lopes, Francisco Q. Goncalves, Paula M. Canas, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Paula Agostinho
Summary: The study shows that L-alpha-aminoadipate (L-AA) affects astrocytes differently and impairs synaptic plasticity and memory. Injection of L-AA negatively impacts hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP) and hippocampal-dependent memory in mice. D-serine administration can partially rescue the reduction in hippocampal LTP induced by L-AA exposure.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eriko Abe, Takashi J. Fuwa, Kyoka Hoshi, Takashi Saito, Takenobu Murakami, Masakazu Miyajima, Norihiro Ogawa, Hiroyasu Akatsu, Yoshio Hashizume, Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Takashi Honda
Summary: Iron is an essential nutrient in the body and needs to be bound to carrier proteins like transferrin. The study found that Tf mRNA is expressed by neural cells, while Tf protein is expressed at low levels in different brain regions, especially in the hippocampus.
Article
Cell Biology
He Huang, Renhua Song, Justin J. -L. Wong, Victor Anggono, Jocelyn Widagdo
Summary: The aged brain experiences cognitive decline and increased vulnerability to neurodegenerative disorders. Molecular studies have shown various hallmarks associated with aging through transcriptomics and proteomic analysis. Recent epitranscriptomic analysis has focused on the role of RNA chemical modification, particularly N6-methyladenosine (m6A), in biological processes such as learning and memory. This study examines the m6A-transcriptomic landscape in the aging mouse hippocampus, revealing changes in methylation levels and their correlation with transcript expression. The findings suggest a co-transcriptional regulation of m6A with gene expression changes in the aged hippocampus.
Article
Cell Biology
Yuying Zhang, Weiyue Deng, Wei Wang, Aishi Song, Omar Mukama, Sihao Deng, Xiaobo Han, Jean De Dieu Habimana, Kexin Peng, Bin Ni, Shusheng Zhang, Jufang Huang, Xiao-xin Yan, Zhiyuan Li
Summary: The study demonstrates that using hUCMSCs with down-regulated miRNA-206 can combat cognitive decline and neurodegenerative diseases. Animal experiments show that this treatment can improve learning and spatial memory abilities in aging mice, as well as enhance neuronal physiological function.
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Adam Krzystyniak, Malgorzata Wesierska, Gregory Petrazzo, Agnieszka Gadecka, Magdalena Dudkowska, Anna Bielak-Zmijewska, Grazyna Mosieniak, Izabela Figiel, Jakub Wlodarczyk, Ewa Sikora
Summary: By conducting experiments on aged rats, it was found that the use of senolytic agents D+Q can improve the learning and memory abilities of aged rats, reduce peripheral inflammation, and regulate the structure of hippocampal neurons and histone modifications. Moreover, the benefits of this treatment are long-lasting, even after the cessation of drug administration.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mengyi Wei, Jindun Zhang, Jia Liu, Chaoyue Zhao, Shuo Cao, Xiaojie Yan, Baojiang Wu, Siqin Bao
Summary: Parthenogenetic embryos have been studied extensively for their potential in generating various stem cell lines with distinct characteristics compared to traditional pluripotent stem cells. By manipulating the culture medium components, researchers were able to demonstrate the conversion from primed state to advanced state stem cells, showing enhanced developmental potential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Yiu Chung Tse, Moushumi Nath, Amanda Larosa, Tak Pan Wong
Summary: The impact of stress on learning and memory is mediated by plastic changes in glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampus. Acute stress enhances sNMDAR function but suppresses exNMDAR function, while chronic stress only reduces exNMDAR function. This suggests differential regulation of sNMDARs and exNMDARs by acute and chronic stress and highlights the potential roles of hippocampal exNMDARs in stress-related disorders.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Solenn Percelay, Jean-Marie Billard, Thomas Freret, Annie Andrieux, Michel Boulouard, Valentine Bouet
Summary: The study revealed dysregulations of functional properties and plasticity in hippocampal networks of 3-hit mice, potentially contributing to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Additionally, differences between males and females were observed, supporting the sexual dimorphism seen in the disorder.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Fang-Fei Tao, Zi-Yu Wang, Ying Wang, Qian-Ru Lv, Peng-Peng Cai, Hai-Wen Min, Jian-Wei Ge, Chun-Yu Yin, Rui Cheng
Summary: Oxygen therapy plays a vital role in the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), but the effect of hippocampal cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5) on BPD-associated neurodevelopment deficits is not fully understood. Inhibition of CDK5 overactivation can improve cognitive deficits, neuronal apoptosis, and synaptic plasticity disorders in BPD mice.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Joshua D. Rieskamp, Patricia Sarchet, Bryon M. Smith, Elizabeth D. Kirby
Summary: The study estimated the cell density of neural stem/progenitor cells in the dentate gyrus of adult mice using immunohistochemical methods and found that they had similar density as other cell types with secretory functions. These findings contribute to refining hypotheses about the roles of these cell types in regulating hippocampal function and their potential therapeutic uses.
NEURAL REGENERATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Vijay S. Adusumilli, Tara L. Walker, Rupert W. Overall, Gesa M. Klatt, Salma A. Zeidan, Sara Zocher, Dilyana G. Kirova, Konstantinos Ntitsias, Tim J. Fischer, Alex M. Sykes, Susanne Reinhardt, Andreas Dahl, Joerg Mansfeld, Annette E. Ruenker, Gerd Kempermann
Summary: The study discovered that quiescent neural precursor cells (NPCs) in the hippocampus of adult mice maintain the highest levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS). Different functional states of NPCs were identified based on their ROS content, and physical activity was found to recruit NPCs with high ROS levels into proliferation. This mechanism provides a link between the modulation of cellular ROS by behavioral cues and the activation of adult NPCs.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Joseph A. McQuail, Amy R. Dunn, Yaakov Stern, Carol A. Barnes, Gerd Kempermann, Peter R. Rapp, Catherine C. Kaczorowski, Thomas C. Foster
Summary: This review aims to provide resources for longitudinal studies using animal models to understand and modify the relationship between cognition and brain structure and function. Future studies will identify early predictors of cognitive function variability during aging and characterize neurobiological mechanisms underlying cognitive decline. Additionally, examples of biological measures that differentiate cognitive reserve mechanisms at molecular, cellular, and network levels are presented.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Muhammad Ichwan, Tara L. Walker, Zeina Nicola, Jutta Ludwig-Mueller, Christoph Boettcher, Rupert W. Overall, Vijay S. Adusumilli, Merve Bulut, Alex M. Sykes, Norbert Huebner, Gerardo Ramirez-Rodriguez, Leonardo Ortiz-Lopez, Enrique A. Lugo-Hernandez, Gerd Kempermann
Summary: This study found that bioactive factors in apples, such as quercetin and 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, can promote hippocampal neurogenesis in adult mice. Quercetin was shown to be pro-neurogenic at low concentrations, while 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid increased neural precursor cell proliferation and neurogenesis. These compounds not only activate precursor cell proliferation but also promote cell cycle exit, cellular survival, and neuronal differentiation.
Article
Cell Biology
Odette Leiter, Zhan Zhuo, Ruslan Rust, Joanna M. Wasielewska, Lisa Groennert, Susann Kowal, Rupert W. Overall, Vijay S. Adusumilli, Daniel G. Blackmore, Adam Southon, Katherine Ganio, Christopher A. McDevitt, Nicole Rund, David Brici, Imesh Aththanayake Mudiyan, Alexander M. Sykes, Annette E. Ruenker, Sara Zocher, Scott Ayton, Ashley Bush, Perry F. Bartlett, Sheng-Tao Hou, Gerd Kempermann, Tara L. Walker
Summary: Exercise enhances adult hippocampal neurogenesis through the systemic release of the antioxidant selenium transport protein, SEPP1, providing a potential therapeutic approach for cognitive decline associated with hippocampal injury and aging.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Anna N. Senko, Rupert W. Overall, Jan Silhavy, Petr Mlejnek, Hana Malinska, Martina Huttl, Irena Markova, Klaus S. Fabel, Lu Lu, Ales Stuchlik, Robert W. Williams, Michal Pravenec, Gerd Kempermann
Summary: Neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus plays an important role in learning and memory in the healthy brain, but its regulation is disrupted in metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases. The molecular connections between neural stem cell activity, adult neurogenesis, and global metabolism are not well understood. In this study, unbiased systems genetics methods were used to analyze the genetic covariation between adult neurogenesis and metabolic phenotypes in a genetically diverse family of rat strains. The results identified a genetic locus on Chromosome 16 that is associated with both serum glucose levels and neuronal survival. Fine mapping of this locus revealed the Tti2 gene as a key player in regulating both neurogenesis and glucose metabolism. Mutations in Tti2 resulted in lower rates of neurogenesis and dysglycemia. These findings shed light on the genetic link between glucose metabolism and brain plasticity and have implications for understanding metabolic and neurological disorders in humans.
Article
Neurosciences
Gerd Kempermann
Summary: Adult hippocampal neurogenesis has significant impacts on brain function and cognition, including plasticity, memory consolidation, stress resilience, and affective behaviors. However, a comprehensive theory that integrates the effects of neurogenesis on connectomics is still lacking.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Gerd Kempermann
Summary: Evidence-based recommendations for lifestyles to promote healthy cognitive aging focus on measurable physical factors, while factors like autonomy, purpose, and social participation are considered important for a high quality of life in old age. The connection between physical interventions and subjective aspects of lifestyle and wellbeing is influenced by the concept of the embodied mind. The reciprocal causality between the body and mind highlights the importance of movement for a embodied mind in motion.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Gerd Kempermann, Jadna Bogado Lopes, Sara Zocher, Susan Schilling, Fanny Ehret, Alexander Garthe, Anne Karasinsky, Andreas M. Brandmaier, Ulman Lindenberger, York Winter, Rupert W. Overall
Summary: Personalized medicine has sparked great interest in understanding the sources of phenotypic variation, especially the impact of the environment on brain plasticity and phenotypes. This article introduces a new longitudinal paradigm, the Individuality Paradigm, which allows for the investigation of individual differences and the divergence of individual behavioral trajectories under a constant genetic background and shared environment. By tracking various aspects of individual activity over time, the contribution of the non-shared environment can be identified. This paradigm offers a rodent model to study individual differences and the influence of the "non-shared" environment on life-course development.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Adriana Boettcher, Alexis Zarucha, Theresa Koebe, Malo Gaubert, Angela Hoeppner, Slawek Altenstein, Claudia Bartels, Katharina Buerger, Peter Dechent, Laura Dobisch, Michael Ewers, Klaus Fliessbach, Silka Dawn Freiesleben, Ingo Frommann, John Dylan Haynes, Daniel Janowitz, Ingo Kilimann, Luca Kleineidam, Christoph Laske, Franziska Maier, Coraline Metzger, Matthias H. J. Munk, Robert Perneczky, Oliver Peters, Josef Priller, Boris-Stephan Rauchmann, Nina Roy, Klaus Scheffler, Anja Schneider, Annika Spottke, Stefan J. Teipel, Jens Wiltfang, Steffen Wolfsgruber, Renat Yakupov, Emrah Duezel, Frank Jessen, Sandra Roeske, Michael Wagner, Gerd Kempermann, Miranka Wirth
Summary: This study examines the association between musical instrument playing, cognitive abilities, and brain morphology in older adults. Results show that participants with musical activity perform better in various cognitive domains and have greater gray matter volume in certain brain areas.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jadna Bogado Lopes, Anna N. Senko, Klaas Bahnsen, Daniel Geisler, Eugene Kim, Michel Bernanos, Diana Cash, Stefan Ehrlich, Anthony C. Vernon, Gerd Kempermann
Summary: By continuously tracking the behavioral activity of mice in an enriched environment for 3 months and using ex vivo structural magnetic resonance imaging, it was found that behavioral activity can shape the connectivity of the mouse brain. Furthermore, there are differences in brain structural covariance between mice with different behavioral trajectories.
Article
Neurosciences
Fanny Ehret, Meike S. Pelz, Anna N. Senko, Karla E. G. Soto, Hang Liu, Gerd Kempermann
Summary: This study investigates the effects of Alzheimer's disease pathology on individual behavioral patterns and cellular plasticity. The findings suggest that early behavior is important for maintaining individual behavioral trajectories and brain plasticity, even under constrained conditions.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Brett Addison Emery, Xin Hu, Shahrukh Khanzada, Gerd Kempermann, Hayder Amin
Summary: Experiential richness leads to tissue changes and synapse flexibility through rhythmic activity in interconnected neuronal assemblies. This paper introduces a large-scale biohybrid brain circuitry with unprecedented resolution, enabling assessment of electrophysiological characteristics in hippocampal-cortical subnetworks under different housing conditions. Results demonstrate the influence of environmental enrichment on neural dynamics, firing synchrony, network complexity, and connectome. These findings highlight the importance of high-density biosensors in understanding computational dynamics and information processing in physiological and experience-dependent plasticity conditions.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2023)
Editorial Material
Neurosciences
Gerd Kempermann, Hongjun Song, Fred H. H. Gage
Article
Neurosciences
Jadna Bogado Lopes, Monika Malz, Anna N. Senko, Sara Zocher, Gerd Kempermann
Summary: There is limited understanding about how individuals' interaction with their environment leads to the development of individuality in behavior and brain structure. This is important in strategies for healthy cognitive aging and the concept of individuality in the brain's connectome. The study showed that genetically identical mice kept in a shared enriched environment displayed different and stable social and exploratory trajectories, which were positively correlated with adult hippocampal neurogenesis. This suggests that a feedback loop between behavioral activity and adult hippocampal neurogenesis contributes to brain individualization.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Biomedical
Erdem Altuntac, Xin Hu, Brett Addison Emery, Shahrukh Khanzada, Gerd Kempermann, Hayder Amin
Summary: In this study, we use computational methods to explore the role of the dentate gyrus (DG) in the hippocampus, specifically its contributions to neurogenesis in adulthood and its involvement in learning and memory. We introduce a novel computational model, the MLP-ONN, which incorporates biologically accurate features of the hippocampal-entorhinal cortical network. This model utilizes empirical data from large-scale simultaneous recordings to enhance spatiotemporal resolution. The findings shed light on the implications of newly generated neurons in the adult DG network and their broader functional and computational impacts.
2023 IEEE BIOSENSORS CONFERENCE, BIOSENSORS
(2023)