Article
Virology
Karsten Eichholz, Tuan Hiep Tran, Coraline Cheneau, Thi Thu Phuong Tran, Oceane Paris, Martine Pugniere, Eric J. Kremer
Summary: This study examines the interactions between danger-associated molecular patterns and human adenoviruses and their impact on vaccines. The interaction between human adenoviruses and HNP-1 can modify the response of antigen-presenting cells, influencing vaccine efficacy. HNP-1 binds to the capsids of human adenoviruses and directs them to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), leading to internalization, inflammasome response, and IL-1β release.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marina P. Sinner, Florentin Masurat, Jonathan J. Ewbank, Nathalie Pujol, Henrik Bringmann
Summary: In C. elegans, a protein called NAS-38 promotes sleep during the molting process by activating immune pathways that lead to the expression of antimicrobial peptide genes. This signaling mechanism may also exist in other animals, including humans, to regulate sleep in response to injury and infection.
Review
Cell Biology
Xuehua Xu, Miao Pan, Tian Jin
Summary: The discovery of how phagocytes effectively find and kill pathogens through chemotaxis and phagocytosis sheds light on the evolutionarily conserved mechanisms underlying these processes in mammals.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Diana Boraschi
Summary: Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a cytokine that plays a significant role in inflammation and immune response, primarily produced by macrophages during defensive reactions. It belongs to a superfamily of structurally similar proteins and acts through binding to specific receptors on the plasma membrane of target cells. IL-1 family cytokines not only have innate immune and inflammatory effects but also appear to be involved in the development of adaptive immunity in vertebrates.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Andrea J. Wolf, Jose J. Limon, Christopher Nguyen, Alexander Prince, Anthony Castro, David M. Underhill
Summary: Malassezia spp. yeasts are commonly found on mammalian skin, but can also be found in the intestines in certain diseases. They induce inflammatory responses by activating proinflammatory cytokine production, mainly through the Dectin2 and CARD9 signaling pathways, and stimulate NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ga-Hyun Son, Jae-Jun Lee, Youngmi Kim, Keun-Young Lee
Summary: The article describes the role of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in preterm births (PTBs), focusing on the changes of AMPs in the development of the disease, and proposing new perspectives on the role of AMPs in PTB.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Akemi Kosaka, Kei Ishibashi, Toshihiro Nagato, Hidemitsu Kitamura, Yukio Fujiwara, Syunsuke Yasuda, Marino Nagata, Shohei Harabuchi, Ryusuke Hayashi, Yuki Yajima, Kenzo Ohara, Takumi Kumai, Naoko Aoki, Yoshihiro Komohara, Kensuke Oikawa, Yasuaki Harabuchi, Masahiro Kitada, Hiroya Kobayashi, Takayuki Ohkuri
Summary: Activation of the STING signaling pathway is crucial in anti-tumor immunity, while CD47 overexpression in breast cancer patients is associated with poor survival. Combination therapy with cGAMP and an antagonistic anti-CD47 mAb inhibits tumor growth, enhances phagocytosis of tumor cells, and induces systemic anti-tumor immune responses relying on STING and type I IFN signaling.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Toni Herta, Aritra Bhattacharyya, Maciej Rosolowski, Claudia Conrad, Corinne Gurtner, Achim D. Gruber, Peter Ahnert, Birgitt Gutbier, Doris Frey, Norbert Suttorp, Stefan Hippenstiel, Janine Zahlten
Summary: The transcription factor KLF4 plays a crucial role in promoting the pro-inflammatory immune response in macrophages and PMNs during Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Knockout of KLF4 in myeloid cells leads to insufficient immune response, impaired bacterial clearance, increased tissue damage, and higher mortality in both mouse models and human patients with community-acquired pneumonia. High expression of KLF4 correlates with a more favorable clinical outcome in CAP patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ernest Y. Lee, Liana C. Chan, Huiyuan Wang, Juelline Lieng, Mandy Hung, Yashes Srinivasan, Jennifer Wang, James A. Waschek, Andrew L. Ferguson, Kuo-Fen Lee, Nannette Y. Yount, Michael R. Yeaman, Gerard C. L. Wong
Summary: This study confirms the antimicrobial role of PACAP and reveals its selective induction in the brain during infection. Through various mechanisms, including disruption of pathogen membrane integrity and activation of cell death pathways, PACAP exhibits antimicrobial activity.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Allergy
Anna V. Wiese, Jannis Duhn, Rabia Uelkue Korkmaz, Katharina M. Quell, Ibrahim Osman, Fanny Ender, Torsten Schroeder, Ian Lewkowich, Simon Hogan, Markus Huber-Lang, Franziska Gumprecht, Peter Koenig, Joerg Koehl, Yves Laumonnier
Summary: This study reveals the significant roles of C5aR1 in the trafficking and activation of inflammatory eosinophils, which have important implications for key aspects of allergic inflammation such as airway hyperresponsiveness, ILC2 cells, and T cell activation.
Review
Immunology
Kellen J. Cavagnero, Richard L. Gallo
Summary: Fibroblasts are stromal cells that produce extracellular matrix and play a role in tissue structure and scar formation. Recent studies have found that they are highly heterogeneous and actively participate in both innate and adaptive immune defense. Detailed analysis of barrier tissues such as skin, gut, and lung shows that some fibroblasts directly sense pathogens and other danger signals, contributing to host defense functions such as antimicrobial activity, white blood cell recruitment, and production of cytokines relevant to inflammation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Faraz Ahmad, Anshu Rani, Anwar Alam, Sheeba Zarin, Saurabh Pandey, Hina Singh, Seyed Ehtesham Hasnain, Nasreen Zafar Ehtesham
Summary: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is the causative agent of human tuberculosis (TB) and primarily infects macrophages. Mtb infection is heterogeneous and can affect the morphology and function of macrophages. Macrophages play a crucial role in confining the dissemination of Mtb, but the virulence factors of Mtb can disrupt macrophage homeostasis, leading to active TB, especially during suppressed or hyperactivated immune states.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Yukai Qin, Zhi Luo, Ke Zhao, Xingyu Nan, Yanan Guo, Weiwei Li, Qun Wang
Summary: This study identified a novel SVWC gene, named EsSVWC, in Eriocheir sinensis, which responds positively to bacterial stimulation and regulates the expression of antimicrobial peptides, thus improving the crab's resistance to bacterial infection.
FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Laura Canesi, Manon Auguste, Teresa Balbi, Petra Prochazkova
Summary: Annelids and mollusks, as important ecological groups, possess effective and diverse innate immune systems, similar to vertebrates. Despite the lack of acquired immunity, they are capable of producing a wide range of immune effector molecules, allowing them to recognize and eliminate pathogens and respond to environmental stressors.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
G. Forn-Cuni, L. Welvaarts, F. M. Stel, C. J. van den Hondel, M. Arentshorst, A. F. J. Ram, A. H. Meijer
Summary: The activation of antifungal autophagy response improves host survival against drug-resistant Aspergillus infections, but only in the presence of phagocytes. This finding suggests that stimulating the autophagy process may be a promising approach for developing therapies against invasive Aspergillosis.