Article
Immunology
Zhiwei Liu, Chih-Jen Huang, Yu-Han Huang, Mei-Hung Pan, Mei-Hsuan Lee, Kelly J. Yu, Ruth M. Pfeiffer, Mathias Viard, Yuko Yuki, Xiaojiang Gao, Mary Carrington, Chien-Jen Chen, Allan Hildesheim, Hwai- Yang
Summary: The study found that an increase in the number of homozygous HLA class II loci is associated with an increased risk of chronic HBV infection and HBV-associated HCC. Specifically, HLA-DQB1 homozygosity is significantly associated with HCC risk.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Guojin Ou, Xiaojuan Liu, Yongmei Jiang
Summary: This meta-analysis reveals that specific HLA-DPB1 alleles are significantly associated with an increased antibody response to the HB vaccine, further elucidating the role of genetic factors in this immune response.
Article
Immunology
Wen-Chang Wang, Yu-Shiang Lin, Yin-Fan Chang, Chih-Ching Yeh, Chien-Tien Su, Jin-Shang Wu, Fu-Hsiung Su
Summary: In this study, HLA-DPA1 was primarily associated with the long-term response of primary infantile HBVac, while HLA-DPB1 and HLA-DQB1 exhibited associations with the HBV booster vaccination.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Anais Vallet-Pichard, Stanislas Pol
Summary: Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a significant risk of liver-related complications, including cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and death. The development of the HBV vaccine has been proven to prevent liver cancer, making it a priority tool for achieving the World Health Organization's goals for viral hepatitis elimination by 2030.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tzu-Wei Wu, Chao-Liang Chou, Chuen-Fei Chen, Li-Yu Wang
Summary: This case-control study finds that response to the HB vaccine and susceptibility to chronic HBV infection have common genetic determinants, with HLA class II members being the main responsible host genetic factors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Matthias Girndt, Manfred Plueer, Frank Dellanna, Ann K. Michelsen, Joachim Beige, Kai Toussaint, Hubert J. Wehweck, Michael Koch, Syrus Hafezi Rachti, Justus Faust, Hans-Peter Bosselmann, Oliver Witzke, Robert S. Janssen
Summary: This study compared the immunogenicity and safety of different hepatitis B vaccines in patients receiving chronic hemodialysis. The study found that HepB-CpG induced higher levels of seroprotection and had a similar safety profile compared to other vaccines.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Shuling Wu, Wei Yi, Yuanjiao Gao, Wen Deng, Xiaoyue Bi, Yanjie Lin, Liu Yang, Yao Lu, Ruyu Liu, Min Chang, Ge Shen, Leiping Hu, Lu Zhang, Minghui Li, Yao Xie
Summary: Functional cure is considered achieved when chronic hepatitis B patients achieve HBsAg seroclearance after treatment. Clearing the virus is challenging due to the difficulty in clearing both cccDNA and integrated dslDNA. High levels of HBsAg in the serum lead to immune system failure, making it unable to produce an effective antiviral response. Only less than 1% of chronic hepatitis B patients are cured annually with antiviral treatment. Coinfection with other viruses such as HIV, HCV, and HDV makes it even more difficult to cure. However, it has been found that patients with coinfection have a higher probability of achieving HBsAg seroclearance, especially those with HBV/HIV coinfection with up to 36% 5-year seroclerance rate. This interesting phenomenon is related to the functional reconstruction of the immune system after antiretroviral therapy (ART).
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xin Cheng, Gan Zhao, Aihua Dong, Zhonghuai He, Jiarong Wang, Brian Jiang, Bo Wang, Miaomiao Wang, Xuefen Huai, Shijie Zhang, Shuangshuang Feng, Hong Qin, Bin Wang
Summary: This study conducted a first-in-human trial to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity response of the BARS13 vaccine in healthy adults. The vaccine demonstrated good safety and tolerability, and there were no significant differences in adverse reaction severity or frequency between different dose groups. The immune response in repeat-dose recipients showed potential for further study and guiding the dose selection for future studies.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Ozgur M. Koc, Philippe de Smedt, Cecile Kremer, Geert Robaeys, Pierre van Damme, Niel Hens, Jorge Almeida, Frank Falkenberg, Paul Savelkoul, Astrid Oude Lashof
Summary: In non-responders to hepatitis B vaccines, the HBAI20 vaccine demonstrated a higher seroprotection rate when adjusting for stratification factors and had a similar safety profile compared to the licensed recombinant HBVaxPro (R)-10 mu g.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Luana Rocha da Cunha Rosa, Leyla Gabriela Verner Amaral Brandao, Winny Eveny Alves Moura, Lays Rosa Campos, Grecia Carolina Pessoni, Juliana de Oliveira Roque e Lima, Jose Cassio de Moraes, Megmar Aparecida dos Santos Carneiro, Sheila Araujo Teles, Karlla Antonieta Amorim Caetano
Summary: Universal immunization has reduced the incidence of hepatitis B, but older individuals are still susceptible. This study investigated the epidemiology of HBV infection in individuals aged 50 years and over in central Brazil and evaluated the immunogenicity of the monovalent vaccine against hepatitis B in this age group. The study concludes that reinforced doses should be used to improve the efficacy of the vaccine in individuals aged 50 years or older.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tarik Asselah, Mario Rizzetto
Summary: Hepatitis D virus (HDV), also known as hepatitis delta virus, is a defective, hepatotropic pathogenic agent. It requires the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) provided by hepatitis B virus (HBV) for its life cycle. HDV is mainly transmitted through contaminated syringes used by intravenous drug users. It is characterized by unique biological characteristics and severe medical effects. The global prevalence of HDV infection remains uncertain, and effective therapies are urgently needed.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Vijayamahantesh Vijayamahantesh, Tapas Patra, Keith Meyer, Mohamad-Gabriel Alameh, Erin K. Reagan, Drew Weissman, Ranjit Ray
Summary: The study shows that amino acid alteration in the front layer of soluble E2 disrupts its interaction with CD81 and alters the cytokine response. Immunization with modified sE2(F442NYT) protein-mRNA-LNP vaccine generates a stronger proinflammatory response and improved protection against a surrogate HCV vaccinia challenge model in mice. The results suggest that HCV E2 exhibits immunoregulatory activity that inhibits robust protective immune responses. Engineering E2 antigen in an mRNA-LNP platform may provide a novel approach for multigenotype HCV vaccine development.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biophysics
Suchanat Boonkaew, Abdulhadee Yakoh, Nattaya Chuaypen, Pisit Tangkijvanich, Sirirat Rengpipat, Weena Siangproh, Orawon Chailapakul
Summary: Electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) are simple, portable, and low-cost analytical devices for point-of-care testing of clinical biomarkers. A sequential ePAD has been developed for simultaneous detection of hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C core antigen by integrating dual flow behaviors, avoiding the need for complex multi-step reagent manipulation by the user. The proposed ePAD shows high promise as an easy-to-use, portable, and extendable sensor for other multiplex biological assays.
BIOSENSORS & BIOELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Le Chang, Ying Yan, Huimin Ji, Huizhen Sun, Xinyi Jiang, Zhuoqun Lu, Lunan Wang
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of HDV infection among blood donors in China and found a low seroprevalence rate of HDV infection. The risk of HDV transmission through blood transfusion was also found to be low.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Dulat Bekbolsynov, Beata Mierzejewska, Sadik Khuder, Obinna Ekwenna, Michael Rees, Robert C. Green, Stanislaw M. Stepkowski
Summary: The study used physicochemical immunogenicity of donor/recipient HLAs to select weakly immunogenic kidney transplants for Black patients, leading to an increase in the number of suitable donors for Black recipients while still providing good options for non-Black recipients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)