Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Inas Elsayed, Robert Geraghty, Salwa O. Mekki, Ahmed A. Mohamedani, Susan Ahern, Omer E. H. Salim, Balgis B. M. Khalil, Sawsan Abdelrahim, Suliman H. Suliman, Moawia M. A. Elhassan, Salah O. Salah, Mohamed E. Salih, Abubakr H. Widatalla, Osman S. Abdelhamed, Xiaosheng Wang, Eanna J. Ryan, Des Winter, Salih Bakhiet, Kieran Sheahan
Summary: There is a significant clinical need for molecular pathology services for colorectal cancer in Sudan. In this study, researchers aimed to introduce a molecular genetic service for colorectal cancer in Sudan and explore the molecular features and their relationship to patient survival and clinicopathological characteristics. They found that a subtype of mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer was present in 16% of cases, and a presumptive diagnosis of Lynch Syndrome was made in 14% of patients. The study also revealed a high mortality rate in Sudanese colorectal cancer patients, which was correlated with advanced disease stage and mismatch repair status.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Huu-Giao Nguyen, Oxana Lundstroem, Annika Blank, Heather Dawson, Alessandro Lugli, Maria Anisimova, Inti Zlobec
Summary: This study investigated the association between CMS classification and mucin-to-tumor area using a deep learning algorithm, and explored the expression of specific mucins in predicting CMS groups and clinical outcomes. The inter-observer agreement between pathologists' scores and the algorithm was excellent. The absence of mucin-expressing tumors in CMS2 provides an important phenotype-genotype correlation, and MUC5AC protein expression correlated with aggressive tumor features.
Article
Oncology
Satoshi Fujii, Daisuke Kotani, Masahiro Hattori, Masato Nishihara, Toshihide Shikanai, Junji Hashimoto, Yuki Hama, Takuya Nishino, Mizuto Suzuki, Ayatoshi Yoshidumi, Makoto Ueno, Yoshito Komatsu, Toshiki Masuishi, Hiroki Hara, Taito Esaki, Yoshiaki Nakamura, Hideaki Bando, Tomoyuki Yamada, Takayuki Yoshino
Summary: This study utilized deep learning techniques to extract pathomorphologic features from tissue section images, enabling the accurate prediction of genetic abnormalities in cancer. The results demonstrated high accuracy of this method and its potential for predicting genetic abnormalities without the need for gene tests.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Satu Maki-Nevala, Sanjeevi Ukwattage, Alisa Olkinuora, Henrikki Almusa, Maarit Ahtiainen, Ari Ristimaki, Toni Seppala, Anna Lepisto, Jukka-Pekka Mecklin, Paivi Peltomaki
Summary: Ulcerative colitis increases the risk of colorectal cancer, and this study examined the genetic and epigenetic profiles of colitis-associated colorectal carcinomas (CA-CRC). Subgroups within CA-CRC were identified with different mutational loads and signatures, which may guide clinical management and therapy options. Lynch syndrome tumors showed a higher degree of hypermutability compared to CA-CRC subgroups.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Gayathri Anandappa, Michael J. Overman
Summary: In a recent study, Amodio and colleagues discovered a method to modulate immunosurveillance in colorectal tumors by manipulating DNA mismatch repair heterogeneity. They found that enriching the MMR deficient component using 6-thioguanine can improve tumor control in murine models.
CELL REPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Swati Sonal, Vikram Deshpande, David T. Ting, Azfar Neyaz, Amaya Pankaj, Martin S. Taylor, Anne M. Dinaux, Lieve G. J. Leijssen, Chloe Boudreau, David L. Berger
Summary: This study compared the expression of molecular markers between infiltrating tumor border configuration (ITBC) and pushing tumor border configuration (PTBC) in colorectal cancer patients using tissue microarray. The results showed that ITBC tumors had lower expression of immune components, lower rates of BRAFV600E mutation, and deficient MMR proteins compared to PTBC tumors. However, in MMR-proficient tumors, there were no differences in the expression of molecular markers except for lower expression of PDL1 immune cells.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Emre Kucukkose, Matthijs J. D. Baars, Mojtaba Amini, Suzanna J. Schraa, Evelien Floor, Guus M. Bol, Inne H. M. Borel Rinkes, Jeanine M. L. Roodhart, Miriam Koopman, Jamila Laoukili, Onno Kranenburg, Yvonne Vercoulen
Summary: The study suggests that the distinct localization of CD8(+) T cells within the stroma in primary MSI-H CRC tumors may be associated with metastasis formation. Tumors with metastatic capacity exhibit high stromal content and low influx of CD8(+) T cells.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vitaly Shubin, Yury Shelygin, Sergey Achkasov, Oleg Sushkov, Ilya Nazarov, Alexey Ponomarenko, Iuliia Alimova, Anna Loginova, Aleksey Tsukanov
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of Russian patients with microsatellite instability (MSI) tumors. The results showed that patients with MSI tumors differed in the age of diagnosis, tumor localization, time of cancer recurrence, and stage of the disease. Patients whose tumors had MSI status had higher overall and disease-free survival rates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Kuo-Hsing Chen, Liang-In Lin, Chang-Tsu Yuan, Li-Hui Tseng, Yu-Liang Chao, Yi-Hsin Liang, Jin-Tung Liang, Been-Ren Lin, Ann-Lii Cheng, Kun-Huei Yeh
Summary: In Taiwan, distinct clinicopathological features were identified for CIMP-high CRC among different age groups. Our data suggest the association between BMI >= 27.5 kg/m(2) and CIMP-high CRC in patients younger than 50 years.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Miao-Zhen Qiu, Cai-Yun He, Xin-Hua Yang, Li-Qiong Yang, Jun-Zhong Lin, Da-Lei Zhou, Ya-Kang Long, Wen-Long Guan, Ying Jin, Yu-Hong Li, Feng-Hua Wang, Da-Jun Yang, Rui-Hua Xu
Summary: The study found a high microsatellite instability-high (MSI-H) rate in HER2 mutated cases, but no MSI-H in HER2 amplification cases. Moreover, MSI-H patients with HER2 mutation had worse progression-free survival for programmed death-1 antibody than those without. Further research is needed to explore the internal relationship between HER2 alteration and MSI-H.
Article
Oncology
Chung Ryul Oh, Jeong Eun Kim, Yong Sang Hong, Sun Young Kim, Joong Bae Ahn, Ji Yeon Baek, Myung-Ah Lee, Myoung Joo Kang, Sang Hee Cho, Seung-Hoon Beom, Tae Won Kim
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of durvalumab in patients with microsatellite instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient (MSI-H/dMMR) or polymerase epsilon (POLE)-mutated metastatic or unresectable colorectal cancer (mCRC). The results showed that durvalumab demonstrated promising clinical activity with encouraging response rates and satisfactory survival outcomes in these patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Bahar Saberzadeh-Ardestani, Jeremy C. Jones, Joleen M. Hubbard, Robert R. McWilliams, Thorvardur R. Halfdanarson, Qian Shi, Mohamad Bassam Sonbol, Jonathan Ticku, Zhaohui Jin, Frank A. Sinicrope
Summary: This cohort study found clinically significant prolongation of survival in older patients with dMMR mCRC who received first-line pembrolizumab monotherapy in routine clinical practice. Liver metastasis was associated with poorer survival compared to nonliver metastasis, indicating the importance of metastatic site in survival outcome.
Review
Immunology
Wei-Jian Mei, Mi Mi, Jing Qian, Nan Xiao, Ying Yuan, Pei-Rong Ding
Summary: Colorectal cancers with high microsatellite instability and deficient mismatch repair have different characteristics compared to normal CRC, but the testing rates for MSI and MMR remain low in clinical practice. Insufficient testing fails to identify patients with these types of CRC who could benefit from immunotherapy. Understanding the importance of MMR/MSI status in the clinical characteristics and prognosis of CRC may help improve testing rates and guide the development of more effective therapies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Dedrick Kok Hong Chan, Simon James Alexander Buczacki
Summary: Colorectal cancer is a global burden, characterized by an initial explosion of genetic diversity followed by neutral dynamics. Understanding the interplay between clonal populations during neutral evolution provides insights into the roles of driver genes in the progression from normal colonic epithelium to adenoma and carcinoma. Recent advances have focused on genetic, transcriptomic, and proteomic factors, as well as the ecological and evolutionary processes that contribute to cancer development.
Article
Oncology
Sophia J. Wagner, Daniel Reisenbuechler, Nicholas P. West, Jan Moritz Niehues, Jiefu Zhu, Sebastian Foersch, Gregory Patrick Veldhuizen, Philip Quirke, Heike I. Grabsch, Piet A. van den Brandt, Gordon G. A. Hutchins, Susan D. Richman, Tanwei Yuan, Rupert Langer, Josien C. A. Jenniskens, Kelly Offermans, Wolfram Mueller, Richard Gray, Stephen B. Gruber, Joel K. Greenson, Gad Rennert, Joseph D. Bonner, Daniel Schmolze, Jitendra Jonnagaddala, Nicholas J. Hawkins, Robyn L. Ward, Dion Morton, Matthew Seymour, Laura Magill, Marta Nowak, Jennifer Hay, Viktor H. Koelzer, David N. Church, Christian Matek, Carol Geppert, Chaolong Peng, Cheng Zhi, Xiaoming Ouyang, Jacqueline A. James, Maurice B. Loughrey, Manuel Salto-Tellez, Hermann Brenner, Michael Hoffmeister, Daniel Truhn, Julia A. Schnabel, Melanie Boxberg, Tingying Peng, Jakob Nikolas Kather
Summary: This study develops a new transformer-based pipeline for predicting prognostic biomarkers from colorectal cancer pathology slides. The results show that this approach significantly improves performance, generalizability, data efficiency, and interpretability compared to current algorithms. The method also solves a longstanding diagnostic problem by achieving clinical-grade performance on endoscopic biopsy tissue.
Article
Oncology
Leonardo Solaini, Maria Bencivenga, Fausto Rosa, Alessia D'ignazio, Elisabetta Marino, Silvia Ministrini, Silvia Sofia, Michele Sacco, Gianni Mura, Emanuele Rausa, Marco De Prizio, Luigina Graziosi, Maurizio Degiuli, Guido Alberto Massimo Tiberio, Sergio Alfieri, Daniele Marrelli, Paolo Morgagni, Giorgio Ercolani
Summary: The coronavirus pandemic had a significant impact on the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer in nine Italian research centers. The number of advanced or metastatic cases increased after the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly after the full lockdown periods. During the pandemic, shorter timeframes were required to complete the diagnostic work-up or refer patients to the best treatment option once they were referred to the centers.
Biographical-Item
Oncology
Giovanni Corso
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Giovanni Corso, Valentina Tagliaferr, Giulia Massari, Antonio i Cioffi, Elisabetta Maria Cristina Rossi, Paolo Veronesi, Francesca Magnoni
Summary: The global distribution of germline CDH1 mutations in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer families is highly heterogeneous, with specific local clustering of some recurrent CDH1 mutations in certain countries.
Article
Surgery
Gian Luca Baiocchi, Simone Giacopuzzi, Giovanni Vittimberga, Stefano De Pascale, Elisabetta Pastorelli, Roberta Gelmini, Jacopo Vigano, Luigina Graziosi, Alessio Vagliasindi, Fausto Rosa, Francesca Steccanella, Paolo Demartini, Rossella Reddavid, Mattia Berselli, Ugo Elmore, Uberto Fumagalli Romario, Maurizio Degiuli, Paolo Morgagni, Daniele Marrelli, Domenico D'Ugo, Riccardo Rosati, Giovanni De Manzoni
Summary: Gastrectomy for gastric cancer in Western countries still has high rates of morbidity and mortality. In 2015, the EGCA launched a project to establish a list and definitions of post-operative complications specific for gastrectomy. This study investigated 386 cases of post-operative complications in Italy, with non-surgical infections and anastomotic leaks being the most frequent complications.
UPDATES IN SURGERY
(2023)
Correction
Surgery
Francesco Pata, Marcello Di Martino, Mauro Podda, Salomone Di Saverio, Benedetto Ielpo, Gianluca Pellino
WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Giovanni Corso, Antonia Girardi, Mariarosaria Calvello, Sara Gandini, Aurora Gaeta, Monica Marabelli, Francesca Magnoni, Paolo Veronesi, Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga, Bernardo Bonanni
Summary: This study investigates the impact of different subtypes of pathogenic BRCA variants on the prognosis and survival of breast cancer patients. The findings suggest that the missense/splicing subtypes of BRCA1/2 mutations are associated with a lower risk of breast cancer recurrence.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Emergency Medicine
Paola J. Fugazzola, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Marcello Di Martino, Matteo Tomasoni, Francesca Dal Mas, Fikri Abu-Zidan, Vanni Agnoletti, Marco Ceresoli, Federico Coccolini, Salomone Di Saverio, Tommaso Dominioni, Camilla Nikita Fare, Simone Frassini, Giulia Gambini, Ari Leppaniemi, Marcello Maestri, Elena Martin-Perez, Ernest Moore, Valeria Musella, Andrew Peitzman, Angela de la Hoz Rodriguez, Benedetta Sargenti, Massimo Sartelli, Jacopo Vigano, Andrea Anderloni, Walter Biffl, Fausto Catena, Luca Ansaloni
Summary: We aimed to validate the Chole-risk score in predicting postoperative complications in patients undergoing early cholecystectomy for acute calculous cholecystitis. The findings showed that the POSSUM Physiological Score was the best prediction model, and the CHOLE-POSSUM score was a reliable tool for stratifying patients into low-risk and high-risk groups.
WORLD JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mariarosaria Calvello, Monica Marabelli, Sara Gandini, Elena Marino, Loris Bernard, Matteo Dal Molin, Giulia Di Cola, Cristina Zanzottera, Giovanni Corso, Nicola Fazio, Lorenzo Gervaso, Uberto Fumagalli Romario, Massimo Barberis, Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga, Lucio Bertario, Davide Serrano, Bernardo Bonanni
Summary: Gastric cancer has traditionally been overlooked in hereditary cancer research, but the advent of multigene panel testing has shed light on the involvement of additional genes, particularly those related to homologous recombination repair. Our study identified CDH1 and MSH2 as genes associated with early-onset diffuse and later-onset intestinal gastric cancers, respectively. Multigene panel testing was found to be advantageous in patients with unspecific phenotypes, although it posed challenges in result interpretation.
Article
Surgery
Lorenzo Crepaz, Alberto Sartori, Mauro Podda, Monica Ortenzi, Alberto Di Leo, Cesare Stabilini, Michele Carlucci, Stefano Olmi, SICE ISHAWS Collaborative Grp
Summary: Minimally invasive abdominal wall surgery is increasingly used worldwide, with Italian surgeons preferring this approach in elective cases. However, open surgery is still preferred in emergency settings. There is a need for consensus on the best surgical approach for incisional hernias, especially in emergency situations.
UPDATES IN SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Luca Nicosia, Anna Rotili, Filippo Pesapane, Anna Carla Bozzini, Ottavia Battaglia, Giuseppe Pellegrino, Nicola Fusco, Francesca Maria Porta, Samuele Frassoni, Vincenzo Bagnardi, Giovanni Corso, Claudia Sangalli, Enrico Cassano
Summary: The purpose of this study was to compare the diagnostic performance of Contrast-Enhanced Mammography (CEM) versus Breast Magnetic Resonance (MRI) in lobular neoplasms. The study found that CEM is a reliable imaging technique in the preoperative setting, with comparable results to breast MRI.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Fabrizio Sammartano, Francesco Ferrara, Laura Benuzzi, Caterina Baldi, Valeria Conalbi, Roberto Bini, Stefania Cimbanassi, Osvaldo Chiara, Marco Stella
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of trauma center (TC) designation (level 1 and level 2) on the management of blunt splenic trauma. A retrospective analysis of blunt trauma patients with splenic injury admitted to two Italian TCs was performed. The results showed that level 1 TC had a lower splenectomy/emergency laparotomy ratio for high-grade splenic injuries and a low failure rate of splenic non-operative management (NOM). Systolic pressure, spleen organ injury scale (OIS), and injury severity score (ISS) were significant predictive factors for NOM, and only spleen OIS was a predictive factor for splenectomy.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Corso, Monica Marabelli, Mariarosaria Calvello, Sara Gandini, Matilde Risti, Irene Feroce, Sara Mannucci, Antonia Girardi, Alessandra Margherita De Scalzi, Francesca Magnoni, Elena Marino, Loris Bernard, Paolo Veronesi, Elena Guerini-Rocco, Massimo Barberis, Aliana Guerrieri-Gonzaga, Bernardo Bonanni
Summary: Metaplastic breast cancer (MpBC), a rare and aggressive subtype, has been linked to BRCA1 gene involvement. A retrospective study found that 65% of MpBC patients harbored a pathogenic variant (PV), with the majority in BRCA1. BRCA carriers had a significantly higher risk of developing MpBC compared to other breast cancer patients tested for BRCA genes. The prevalence of MpBCs was significantly different between BRCA1 and BRCA2 carriers. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of BRCA1 and explore other genes' implication in MpBC predisposition.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Paola Fugazzola, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Francesca Dal Mas, Enrico Cicuttin, Tommaso Dominioni, Simone Frassini, Matteo Tomasoni, Jacopo Vigano, Fausto Catena, Luca Ansaloni
Summary: This study validated the accuracy of the Israeli Score (IS) in predicting common bile duct stones (CBDS) in patients with acute calculous cholecystitis (ACC) using a large independent cohort. The IS was found to be a reliable tool in predicting CBDS associated with ACC, and the algorithm derived from the IS could optimize the management of ACC patients.
SURGICAL ENDOSCOPY AND OTHER INTERVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Luigi Marano, Ludovico Carbone, Gianmario Edoardo Poto, Valeria Restaino, Stefania Angela Piccioni, Luigi Verre, Franco Roviello, Daniele Marrelli
Summary: Despite its decreasing incidence, gastric cancer remains an important global healthcare problem. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has been recommended for gastric cancer in Europe and has potential benefits in downstaging the tumor and improving survival. The collection of at least twenty-five lymph nodes after neoadjuvant therapy can reduce the likelihood of recurrence.
Review
Oncology
Antonio Sommariva, Mario Valle, Roberta Gelmini, Marco Tonello, Fabio Carboni, Giovanni De Manzoni, Lorena Sorrentino, Enrico Maria Pasqual, Stefano Bacchetti, Cinzia Sassaroli, Andrea Di Giorgio, Massimo Framarini, Daniele Marrelli, Francesco Casella, Orietta Federici
Summary: This retrospective study presents the experience of the Italian Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Oncoteam with laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), showing the feasibility and safety of this approach and its favorable outcomes in selected patients.