Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lauren E. Petty, Kathrine Phillippi-Falkenstein, H. Michael Kubisch, Muthuswamy Raveendran, R. Alan Harris, Eric J. Vallender, Chad D. Huff, Rudolf P. Bohm, Jeffrey Rogers, Jennifer E. Below
Summary: The accurate estimation of relatedness among individuals is crucial in analyzing free-ranging animal populations. Methods developed for human genetic data have been applied and evaluated in the analysis of nonhuman primates, showing high concordance between expected and identified relationships for close relatives. These methods are valuable for determination of relatedness in various animal populations, with diverse applications to conservation biology, evolutionary and ecological research and biomedical studies.
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2021)
Review
Biodiversity Conservation
Teri B. Jones, Micheline Manseau
Summary: Network analysis is a flexible statistical framework widely used in ecology and other fields. This review article focuses on genetic-based networks and their applications in population structure, genetic connectivity, and individual genetic relatedness. The article categorizes the studies into population-level networks and individual-based genetic networks and discusses the similarities and differences between these approaches. The article also provides an overview of the current methods and software available for constructing and analyzing genetic networks. Additionally, the article highlights the importance of genetic networks in conservation biology, including defining population structure, understanding genetic connectivity, and studying individual or familial fitness.
BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
(2022)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Tsegaselassie Workalemahu, Jessica M. Page, Huong Meeks, Zhe Yu, Emily Guinto, Alison Fraser, Michael W. Varner, Lauren H. Theilen, Aaron Quinlan, Hilary Coon, Daniel A. Enquobahrie, Cande V. Ananth, Fasil Tekola-Ayele, Lynn B. Jorde, Robert M. Silver
Summary: This study identifies familial aggregation of stillbirth and quantifies its familial risk. It also reveals gender-specific risks associated with affected parents. These findings suggest the need for research on genes related to stillbirth and large-scale studies to determine the genetic architecture of stillbirth.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Scott A. Martin, Gregory J. Lipps, H. Lisle Gibbs
Summary: Managing endangered species in fragmented landscapes requires estimating dispersal rates between populations. A new method using genetic pedigree data was developed to quantify recent dispersal, revealing limited contemporary connectivity among Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake populations but high rates within genetic clusters. This approach can provide insights into recent movement patterns and demographic isolation of conservation units.
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Karolina Machova, Pavla Struncova, Jan Calta, Ladislav Tichy, Lubos Vostry
Summary: This study analyzed the pedigree of the European bison population and found that almost 100 years after the rescue measures were taken, the reference population showed high levels of genetic variability and inbreeding. However, there was no significant increase in new inbreeding. The population remained genetically diverse and showed good fitness.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jennifer Irving McGrath, Wengang Zhang, Regina Hollar, Alison Collings, Roger Powell, Rob D. Foale, Nicola Thurley, Jeffrey A. Brockman, Richard J. Mellanby, Danielle A. Gunn-Moore, Jeffrey J. Schoenebeck
Summary: The study found that non-pedigree domestic cats in the UK, including DSH, DLH, and DSLH cats, are random-bred rather than crossbred or pedigree-admixed. While most of these cats have a lower proportion of HBD segments in their genome compared to pedigree cats, indicating older segments, there is also evidence of recent inbreeding events in a portion of the random-bred cat genomes, suggesting they are not completely immune to inbreeding and its associated health risks.
Article
Ecology
Nicholas M. Sard, Robert D. Hunter, Edward F. Roseman, Daniel B. Hayes, Robin L. DeBruyne, Kim T. Scribner
Summary: Estimating the number of successfully breeding adults (N-S) in a population is crucial for predicting population dynamics. Difficulties in obtaining N-S estimates due to limited encounters with adults can be mitigated by sampling individuals at earlier ontogenetic stages. Using nonparametric species richness estimators like the Chao method can provide unbiased N-S estimates, especially when offspring sample sizes are adequate.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Muhammed Duman, Noemi Bujan, Soner Altun, Jesus L. Romalde, Izzet Burcin Saticioglu
Summary: This study characterized Vibrio isolates from Turkish fish farms, PubMLST database, and GenBank using multilocus sequence analysis and typing. They found high diversity and genetic interactions within the Vibrio population. 17 new sequence types were discovered, indicating frequent genetic recombination. These findings help understand differences in Vibrio infections in fish and provide insights for effective measures in aquaculture.
Article
Plant Sciences
Anna Pikunova, Svetlana Goryunova, Denis Goryunov, Olga Golyaeva, Maria Dolzhikova, Anna Pavlenko
Summary: This study investigates the genetic diversity of red currant germplasm collections using genotyping-by-sequencing data. Five accessions are significantly isolated from each other and from other cultivars. Different offspring show varying levels of genetic isolation on the MDS plot. White- and pink-fruited cultivars are genetically related.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
O. Jarnecka, E. A. Bauer, W. Jagusiak
Summary: This study described the population structure and inbreeding level of Polish Red Cattle (PRC), with an average inbreeding of 4% and 23.8% inbred animals. The results indicate the potential disruption of the balance in small populations like PRC, highlighting the need for continuous monitoring of endangered populations.
Review
Horticulture
Gizella Jahnke, Jozsef Smidla, Tamas Deak, Robert Olah, Barna Arpad Szoke, Diana Agnes Nyitraine Sardy
Summary: Null alleles are recessive alleles that do not affect the phenotype of codominant markers. In microsatellite studies, null alleles are mainly used for pedigree analysis and population genetics calculations. However, the presence of null alleles can lead to biased results and it is important to consider possible solutions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei Wang, Chunyan Ma, Longling Ouyang, Wei Chen, Ming Zhao, Fengying Zhang, Yin Fu, Keji Jiang, Zhiqiang Liu, Heng Zhang, Lingbo Ma
Summary: Genetic diversity and population structure of Lateolabrax maculatus populations in coastal regions of China were analyzed, revealing distinct genetic clustering into Northern and Southern groups, likely due to geographic separation and divergent environmental conditions. The study also suggested potential anthropogenic transportation events from northern populations to southern aquaculture areas as a primary cause for genetic relationships observed. High genetic diversity and limited genetic exchange were observed in some populations, indicating better conservation efforts in those regions, with all populations showing signs of bottleneck events in history.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Diaeldin A. Salih, Awadia M. Ali, Moses Njahira, Khalid M. Taha, Mohammed S. Mohammed, Joram M. Mwacharo, Ndila Mbole-Kariuki, Abdelrhim M. El Hussein, Richard Bishop, Robert Skilton
Summary: Research shows that there is significant genetic variation among T. annulata populations in Sudan, but the live schizont attenuated vaccine may be suitable for use in all regions where tropical theileriosis occurs.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ajoy Mandal, Hasan Baneh, R. Roy, D. R. Notter
Summary: The pedigree records of 6821 Jamunapari goats from India were used to assess population structure and genetic diversity. The study found differences in parameters such as pedigree completeness index, generation interval, inbreeding coefficient, etc. between the entire population and the reference population, shedding light on the genetic characteristics and dynamics of this flock.
TROPICAL ANIMAL HEALTH AND PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Khai C. Ang, Victor A. Canfield, Tiffany C. Foster, Thaddeus D. Harbaugh, Kathryn A. Early, Rachel L. Harter, Katherine P. Reid, Shou Ling Leong, Yuka Kawasawa, Dajiang Liu, John W. Hawley, Keith C. Cheng
Summary: This study focused on a Native American population with high Native American genetic ancestry, aiming to investigate the impact of this ancestry on skin color variation. The results showed that Native American genetic ancestry had the greatest effect on reducing skin pigmentation, while genetic mutations from European and African ancestries had smaller effects. However, the specific genetic variants responsible for light skin in Native American/East Asian populations remain to be identified.