Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mohamed Ahdi, Maaike C. Gerards, Paul H. M. Smits, Eelco W. Meesters, Dees P. M. Brandjes, Max Nieuwdorp, Victor E. A. Gerdes
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence of genetic glucocorticoid receptor (GR) variants in patients of different ethnic backgrounds with type 2 diabetes, and explored their association with age of diabetes onset and metabolic and inflammation parameters. The results showed that the prevalence of GR variants differed between ethnic groups, but clear associations with diabetes onset or metabolic parameters were not found.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Victoria E. R. Parker, Darren Robertson, Edmundo Erazo-Tapia, Bas Havekes, Esther Phielix, Marlies de Ligt, Kay H. M. Roumans, Julian Mevenkamp, Folke Sjoberg, Vera B. Schrauwen-Hinderling, Edvin Johansson, Yi-Ting Chang, Russell Esterline, Kenneth Smith, Daniel J. Wilkinson, Lars Hansen, Lars Johansson, Philip Ambery, Lutz Jermutus, Patrick Schrauwen
Summary: In a two-part randomized phase 2a trial in men and women with overweight or obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, cotadutide promoted greater reductions in liver glycogen and fat than placebo and liraglutide.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anniek J. Sluiman, Stela McLachlan, Rachel B. Forster, Mark W. J. Strachan, Ian J. Deary, Jackie F. Price
Summary: In older individuals with type 2 diabetes, higher baseline levels of inflammatory markers such as plasma IL-6, fibrinogen, and C-reactive protein were associated with subsequent cognitive decline. This association appeared to be specific to certain cognitive domains and independent of vascular and diabetes-related risk factors.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Shishir Paudel, Shankar Prasad Khanal, Sujan Gautam, Anisha Chalise, Tara Nath Koirala, Sujan Babu Marahatta
Summary: This study revealed a high prevalence of anxiety and depression among people with T2DM. Strengthening social support and focusing on individuals with diabetes who have comorbidities and complications could help reduce their risk of mental health problems.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rachel B. Forster, Emmanuel Sandoval Garcia, Anniek J. Sluiman, Sheila M. Grecian, Stela McLachlan, Tom J. MacGillivray, Mark W. J. Strachan, Jackie F. Price
Summary: This study found that increased retinal venular tortuosity and decreased fractal dimension are associated with incident diabetic retinopathy, independent of classical risk factors. Venular tortuosity may be a useful biomarker to improve the predictive ability of established retinopathy risk factor models.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Huanhuan Zhu, Mengqiu Bai, Xishao Xie, Junni Wang, Chunhua Weng, Huifen Dai, Jianghua Chen, Fei Han, Weiqiang Lin
Summary: This study aimed to reveal the metabolomic signatures in diabetes development and progression by comparing metabolite changes among healthy individuals, type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, and diabetic kidney disease patients. It was found that impaired amino acid metabolism was the main metabolic signature in diabetes, and specific metabolites were associated with the development of diabetic kidney disease.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Angela Sheu, Jerry R. Green, Christopher P. White, Jacqueline R. Center
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is associated with an increased risk of fragility fractures, even in individuals with normal bone mineral density and higher body mass index. Current fracture risk calculators underestimate fracture risk in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Several diabetes-related factors, such as insulin therapy, vascular complications, and poor glycemic control, contribute to increased fracture risk, but their independent contributions are not well-studied. Understanding the complex mechanisms underlying impaired bone health in type 2 diabetes is crucial for effective management of these patients.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aaron J. J. Deutsch, Philip H. H. Schroeder, Ravi Mandla, Sarah Kang, Feyza Erenler, Josep M. M. Mercader, Miriam S. S. Udler, Jose C. C. Florez, Laura N. N. Brenner
Summary: The objective of this study was to assess the association between increased genetic risk of type 2 diabetes and the development of hyperglycemia after glucocorticoid treatment. The analysis found that individuals with higher genetic risk had a higher risk of glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia. This finding suggests the potential for risk stratification in precision medical treatment.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Lorena Vallejo, Mariola Zapater-Fajari, Teresa Montoliu, Sara Puig-Perez, Juan Nacher, Vanesa Hidalgo, Alicia Salvador
Summary: The study found that older adults with Type 2 diabetes show typical mood and physiological responses to acute psychosocial stressors, but this does not significantly affect their working memory. Participants with stronger stress responses performed worse in working memory tests.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miriam S. Udler
Summary: Analysis of glycemic and non-glycemic characteristics in individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes revealed six putative subgroups with varying risks of diabetes progression and complications.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Clementine E. M. Verhulst, Julia I. P. van Heck, Therese W. Fabricius, Rinke Stienstra, Steven Teerenstra, Rory J. McCrimmon, Cees J. Tack, Ulrik Pedersen-Bjergaard, Bastiaan E. de Galan
Summary: Iatrogenic hypoglycemia activates the immune system and is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic disease. The study found that hypoglycemia induces a sustained inflammatory response at the cellular and protein level, which is present in both individuals with type 2 diabetes and control subjects.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jessica Lewgood, Barbara Oliveira, Marie Korzepa, Scott C. Forbes, Jonathan P. Little, Leigh Breen, Robert Bailie, Darren G. Candow
Summary: The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing and creating a large economic burden. This review critically evaluates the effects of various dietary strategies on diabetes management as well as examines several purported supplements aiming to improve glucose control and body composition.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Magnus F. G. Grondahl, Asger Lund, Jonatan Bagger, Tonny S. Petersen, Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen, Jens J. Holst, Tina Vilsboll, Mikkel B. Christensen, Filip K. Knop
Summary: Impaired glucagon clearance is not a fundamental cause of hyperglucagonemia in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Body weight and fasting plasma glucose may be associated with glucagon metabolism.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gareth W. Davison, Rachelle E. Irwin, Colum P. Walsh
Summary: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes continues to rise globally. Lifestyle factors such as poor dietary intake and lack of exercise may contribute to disease onset and progression. Metabolic connections and epigenetic alterations play a crucial role in regulating DNA methylation and gene transcription in the context of type 2 diabetes.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sevgican Demir, Peter P. Nawroth, Stephan Herzig, Bilges Ekim Ustunel
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and high blood sugar levels, with complications affecting various organs. Effective therapies are lacking, and further research on novel treatment targets is needed to pave the way for potential prevention and treatment of this disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Eloi Gine-Serven, Maria Martinez-Ramirez, Ester Boix-Quintana, Eva Davi-Loscos, Nicolau Guanyabens, Virginia Casado, Desiree Muriana, Cristina Torres-Rivas, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Javier Labad
Summary: This study found that CSF glucose and LDH levels are associated with early symptoms and phenotypes of psychotic disorders, with lower CSF glucose concentrations being linked to schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder diagnoses.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna J. Stevenson, Daniel L. McCartney, Danni A. Gadd, Gemma Shireby, Robert F. Hillary, Declan King, Makis Tzioras, Nicola Wrobel, Sarah McCafferty, Lee Murphy, Barry W. McColl, Paul Redmond, Adele M. Taylor, Sarah E. Harris, Tom C. Russ, Andrew M. McIntosh, Jonathan Mill, Colin Smith, Ian J. Deary, Simon R. Cox, Riccardo E. Marioni, Tara L. Spires-Jones
Summary: The study found differences between blood-based inflammation and ageing-related DNA methylation patterns and brain-based patterns, depending on the evaluated regions. The highest epigenetic age acceleration was observed in the hippocampus, while inflammation-related DNA methylation signatures did not vary significantly across brain regions. Reactive microglial burdens were highest in the hippocampus, but the only association between blood- and brain-based methylation signatures and microglia was a significant positive association with acceleration of one epigenetic clock averaged over all five brain regions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Anna Lahdepuro, Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen, Riikka Pyhala, Soile Tuovinen, Jari Lahti, Kati Heinonen, Hannele Laivuori, Pia M. Villa, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Eero Kajantie, Polina Girchenko, Katri Raikkonen
Summary: The study found that positive maternal mental health during pregnancy is associated with a reduced risk of mental and behavioral disorders in children. This association is also seen in children of mothers facing mental health issues.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kerri Devine, Elisa Villalobos, Catriona J. Kyle, Ruth Andrew, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Roland H. Stimson, Mark Nixon, Brian R. Walker
Summary: The regulation of hormone responses involves modulating hormone concentrations in both circulation and target tissues. While the role of enzymes and transmembrane transporters in regulating glucocorticoid and thyroid hormone responses is well-established, their roles in steroid hormone responses have been less explored. Recent studies suggest that ABCB1 and ABCC1 transporters play a critical role in differential transport of exogenous and endogenous glucocorticoids, leading to tissue-specific sensitivity to different steroids. This review summarizes the evidence and new insights into the physiology and pharmacology of glucocorticoid action, including novel approaches to glucocorticoid replacement.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Federica P. Conte, Judith A. Okely, Olivia K. Hamilton, Janie Corley, Danielle Page, Paul Redmond, Adele M. Taylor, Tom C. Russ, Ian J. Deary, Simon R. Cox
Summary: This study found that cognitive gain from ages 11 to 70 can predict the rate of cognitive decline in older age, independently of cognitive level in childhood and at age 70, as well as domain-specific change.
PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David Rankin, Ruth I. Hart, Barbara Kimbell, Katharine Barnard-Kelly, Anna Brackenridge, Caroline Byrne, Corinne Collett, Anna R. Dover, Sara Hartnell, Katharine F. Hunt, Tara T. M. Lee, Robert S. Lindsay, David R. McCance, Alastair McKelvey, Gerry Rayman, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Eleanor M. Scott, Sara L. White, Roman Hovorka, Helen R. Murphy, Julia Lawton, iDAPT Collaborative Grp
Summary: This study aimed to explore healthcare professionals' views on the training and support needed to roll out closed-loop technology to pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. Interviews with 19 healthcare professionals were conducted, and an online workshop involving 15 trial team members was used to gather recommendations. The results revealed that healthcare professionals were optimistic about a national rollout of closed-loop, but they also anticipated various challenges.
DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Una Clancy, Ratko Radakovic, Fergus Doubal, Maria del C. Valdes Hernandez, Susana Munoz Maniega, Adele M. Taylor, Janie Corley, Francesca M. Chappell, Tom C. Russ, Simon R. Cox, Mark E. Bastin, Ian J. Deary, Joanna M. Wardlaw
Summary: This study aimed to identify the association between apathy, depression, anxiety, and subjective memory complaints with longitudinal white matter hyperintensity (WMH) progression. The study found that apathy symptoms were associated with an increase in WMH, while depression, anxiety, and subjective memory complaints were not.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Cinta Gas, Rosa Ayesa-Arriola, Javier Vazquer-Bourgon, Benedicto Crespo-Facorro, Jesus Garcia-Gavilan, Javier Labad, Lourdes Martorell, Gerard Muntane, Vanessa Sanchez-Gistau, Elisabet Vilella
Summary: Recent evidence suggests that DDR1 plays a role in myelination and is associated with decreased cognitive processing speed in schizophrenia. This study investigated the association between DDR1 variants and cognitive processing speed in early psychosis patients. The results showed that SZ-risk combined genotypes were associated with increased cognitive processing speed in early psychosis patients.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Tyler Saunders, Ciaran Gunn, Kaj Blennow, Hlin Kvartsberg, Henrik Zetterberg, Susan D. Shenkin, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Colin Smith, Declan King, Tara Spires-Jones
Summary: Neurogranin (Ng), a post-synaptic protein, has been investigated as a biomarker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and aging in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Our study examined Ng abundance in post-mortem human brain tissue in AD, healthy aging (HA), and mid-life (ML) cohorts. Ng levels were quantified using immunohistochemistry in brain regions associated with cognitive change. The results showed significantly reduced Ng levels in AD compared to HA and ML cases, indicating loss of neurogranin in the brain. Our findings support the use of CSF Ng as a biomarker for AD and cognitive decline in healthy aging.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julia Lawton, David Rankin, Sara Hartnell, Tara Lee, Anna R. Dover, Rebecca M. Reynolds, Roman Hovorka, Helen R. Murphy, Ruth I. Hart, AiDAPT Collaborative Grp
Summary: This study explored the benefits of using the CamAPS FX system during the AiDAPT trial for pregnant women with type 1 diabetes. Healthcare professionals highlighted the clinical and quality-of-life benefits, but emphasized the importance of effective collaboration between healthcare professionals, pregnant women, and the closed-loop system. They recommended offering closed-loop systems to all pregnant women with type 1 diabetes in the future.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Fabienne Decrue, Rosemary Townsend, Mark R. Miller, David E. Newby, Rebecca M. Reynolds
Summary: In this review, the current evidence on the association between ambient air pollution exposure and maternal cardiovascular health during pregnancy is summarised. Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable due to the delicate balance of feto-placental circulation and physiological adaptations during pregnancy. Several meta-analyses provide robust evidence of adverse effects on hypertensive disorders, gestational diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular events during labor.
Article
Neurosciences
Anna E. Furtjes, Ryan Arathimos, Jonathan R. I. Coleman, James H. Cole, Simon R. Cox, Ian J. Deary, Javier de la Fuente, James W. Madole, Elliot M. Tucker-Drob, Stuart J. Ritchie
Summary: Understanding the neurodegenerative mechanisms of cognitive decline can help detect health issues in late life. This study explores the genetic links between brain morphometry, aging, and cognitive ability using Genomic Principal Components Analysis. The analysis reveals moderate shared genetic etiology between brain-wide morphometry and cognitive aging, suggesting a potential genetic basis for age-related cognitive decline.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. Kartik Chundru, Riccardo E. Marioni, James G. D. Prendergast, Tian Lin, Allan J. Beveridge, Nicholas G. Martin, Grant W. Montgomery, David A. Hume, Ian J. Deary, Peter M. Visscher, Naomi R. Wray, Allan F. McRae
Summary: Testing the effect of rare variants on phenotypic variation is challenging due to the need for large cohorts. This study investigates the effect of rare genetic variants on DNA methylation (DNAm) and demonstrates their role in phenotypic variation. The study also shows that extreme levels of DNAm have functional consequences on gene expression.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ashleigh C. Duthie, Jean Hannah, G. David Batty, Ian J. Deary, John M. Starr, Daniel J. Smith, Tom C. Russ
Summary: This study investigated the association between lithium levels in drinking water and the rate of dementia using data from the Scottish Mental Survey 1932. The results showed that lithium levels in drinking water are very low in Scotland, and extremely low levels of lithium are not associated with an increased risk of dementia. However, there was a slight trend towards increased risk in females at lithium levels below 2.1 mu g/L.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Correction
Genetics & Heredity
Ceres Fernandez-Rozadilla, Maria Timofeeva, Zhishan Chen, Philip Law, Minta Thomas, Stephanie Schmit, Virginia Diez-Obrero, Li Hsu, Juan Fernandez-Tajes, Claire Palles, Kitty Sherwood, Sarah Briggs, Victoria Svinti, Kevin Donnelly, Susan Farrington, James Blackmur, Peter Vaughan-Shaw, Xiao-ou Shu, Jirong Long, Qiuyin Cai, Xingyi Guo, Yingchang Lu, Peter Broderick, James Studd, Jeroen Huyghe, Tabitha Harrison, David Conti, Christopher Dampier, Mathew Devall, Fredrick Schumacher, Marilena Melas, Gad Rennert, Mireia Obon-Santacana, Vicente Martin-Sanchez, Ferran Moratalla-Navarro, Jae Hwan Oh, Jeongseon Kim, Sun Ha Jee, Keum Ji Jung, Sun-Seog Kweon, Min-Ho Shin, Aesun Shin, Yoon-Ok Ahn, Dong-Hyun Kim, Isao Oze, Wanqing Wen, Keitaro Matsuo, Koichi Matsuda, Chizu Tanikawa, Zefang Ren, Yu-Tang Gao, Wei-Hua Jia, John Hopper, Mark Jenkins, Aung Ko Win, Rish Pai, Jane Figueiredo, Robert Haile, Steven Gallinger, Michael Woods, Polly Newcomb, David Duggan, Jeremy Cheadle, Richard Kaplan, Timothy Maughan, Rachel Kerr, David Kerr, Iva Kirac, Jan Bohm, Lukka-Pekka Mecklin, Pekka Jousilahti, Paul Knekt, Lauri Aaltonen, Harri Rissanen, Eero Pukkala, Johan Eriksson, Tatiana Cajuso, Ulrika Hanninen, Johanna Kondelin, Kimmo Palin, Tomas Tanskanen, Laura Renkonen-Sinisalo, Brent Zanke, Satu Mannisto, Demetrius Albanes, Stephanie Weinstein, Edward Ruiz-Narvaez, Julie Palmer, Daniel Buchanan, Elizabeth Platz, Kala Visvanathan, Cornelia Ulrich, Erin Siegel, Stefanie Brezina, Andrea Gsur, Peter Campbell, Jenny Chang-Claude, Michael Hoffmeister, Hermann Brenner, Martha Slattery, John Potter, Konstantinos Tsilidis, Matthias Schulze, Marc Gunter, Neil Murphy, Antoni Castells, Sergi Castellvi-Bel, Leticia Moreira, Volker Arndt, Anna Shcherbina, Mariana Stern, Bens Pardamean, Timothy Bishop, Graham Giles, Melissa Southey, Gregory Idos, Kevin McDonnell, Zomoroda Abu-Ful, Joel Greenson, Katerina Shulman, Flavio Lejbkowicz, Kenneth Offit, Yu-Ru Su, Robert Steinfelder, Temitope Keku, Bethany van Guelpen, Thomas Hudson, Heather Hampel, Rachel Pearlman, Sonja Berndt, Richard Hayes, Marie Elena Martinez, Sushma Thomas, Douglas Corley, Paul Pharoah, Susanna Larsson, Yun Yen, Heinz-Josef Lenz, Emily White, Li Li, Kimberly Doheny, Elizabeth Pugh, Tameka Shelford, Andrew Chan, Marcia Cruz-Correa, Annika Lindblom, David Hunter, Amit Joshi, Clemens Schafmayer, Peter Scacheri, Anshul Kundaje, Deborah Nickerson, Robert Schoen, Jochen Hampe, Zsofia Stadler, Pavel Vodicka, Ludmila Vodickova, Veronika Vymetalkova, Nickolas Papadopoulos, Chistopher Edlund, William Gauderman, Duncan Thomas, David Shibata, Amanda Toland, Sanford Markowitz, Andre Kim, Stephen Chanock, Franzel van Duijnhoven, Edith Feskens, Lori Sakoda, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Alicja Wolk, Alessio Naccarati, Barbara Pardini, Liesel FitzGerald, Soo Chin Lee, Shuji Ogino, Stephanie Bien, Charles Kooperberg, Christopher Li, Yi Lin, Ross Prentice, Conghui Qu, Stephane Bezieau, Catherine Tangen, Elaine Mardis, Taiki Yamaji, Norie Sawada, Motoki Iwasaki, Christopher Haiman, Loic Le Marchand, Anna Wu, Chenxu Qu, Caroline McNeil, Gerhard Coetzee, Caroline Hayward, Ian Deary, Sarah Harris, Evropi Theodoratou, Stuart Reid, Marion Walker, Li Yin Ooi, Victor Moreno, Graham Casey, Stephen Gruber, Ian Tomlinson, Wei Zheng, Malcolm Dunlop, Richard Houlston, Ulrike Peters